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Biomedical subjects

M Thom

Publications and source records attributed to M Thom.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[The tooth transplant in orthodontic treatment planning].

The analysis of all examined transplant cases combined treated with orthodontics shows a success rate of 76%. It must be underlined that the germ development at the time of the transplantation is of utmost importance. The best possible time proved to be at a root development of 2/3 to 3/4. Exact indication position, a careful atraumatic operation method and a short time of operation are also important factors of a successful transplantation. If all these preconditions are met, this method can be recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Sensitivity to angiotensin II of forearm resistance vessels in pregnancy.

Resistance vessel sensitivity to angiotensin II in vivo was studied in 13 primigravid normotensive women (16-24 weeks gestation), and in 10 non-pregnant control women. Angiotensin II was infused into the brachial artery at doses of 10, 100, 1,000 and 10,000 fmol min-1 and forearm blood flow measured by plethysmography. Reduction in forearm blood flow at all concentrations of angiotensin II was significantly greater in non-pregnant than in pregnant women. The dose-response relationships, plotted semi-logarithmically, were similar in shape in each group but sensitivity to angiotensin II was reduced in pregnant subjects compared with non-pregnant women. This is most simply explained by an effect of pregnancy on the sensitivity to angiotensin II of vascular smooth muscle in forearm resistance vessels.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Value of cytology for detecting endometrial abnormalities in climacteric women receiving hormone replacement therapy.

Over six months 113 endometrial specimens from 110 menopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy were examined by two cytologists and two histopathologists. Specimens were obtained by aspiration with the Isaacs cell sampler immediately before Vabra suction curettage, both procedures being performed in the outpatient department without anaesthetic. The histologists agreed with each other on the classification of 85 specimens (75.2%) and the cytologists agreed on the classification of 44 (38.9%). In only 15 cases (13.3%) did all four observers agree. Of the three cases of cystic or adenomatous hyperplasia detected histologically, only one was diagnosed by cytology. Furthermore, both cases of adenocarcinoma escaped detection by cytology, though a third case--later confirmed-"was suspected by one cytologist alone. Use of the Isaacs endometrial cell sampler cannot be advocated for routine screening of women with climacteric symptoms receiving hormone replacement therapy. Efforts should be made to establish the correct dose and duration of treatment with an oestrogen-progestogen preparation in order to avoid over-stimulating the endometrium and the need for regular screening for endometrial abnormalities.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Relations between bleeding pattern, endometrial histology, and oestrogen treatment in menopausal women.

Vacuum curettage was performed on 348 women who had received various regimens of oestrogen treatment for an average of 9.7 months for climacteric symptoms. In 62 cases (18%) the specimens were unsatisfactory for histological assessment; among the remainder, however, they showed a normal endometrium in 257 cases (90%), cystic hyperplasia in 21 (7%), adenomatous hyperplasia in 7 (2%), and endometrial adenocarcinoma in one. Cyclical unopposed oral oestrogen treatment (98 cases) was associated with a 12% incidence of endometrial hyperplasia, but among those given an additional five-day course of progestogen in each cycle (37 cases) the incidence was only 8%. No case of hyperplasia occurred among 102 women taking regimens including 10 or 13 days of progestogen. Among women treated with subcutaneous oestradiol implants and monthly five-day courses of oral progestogen (50 cases) there was a 28% incidence of hyperplasia including the one case of carcinoma, though some of those with hyperplasia may not have taken the full course of progestogen. Regular withdrawal bleeding during treatment was associated with a lower incidence of endometrial hyperplasia (6%) than unscheduled breakthrough bleeding (28%), but the one patient with carcinoma had experienced regular bleeding only.The risk of developing endometrial carcinoma from oestrogen treatment may be reduced by avoiding the use of unopposed oestrogen regimens, the addition of more than five days' treatment with a progestogen, and recognising that a regular bleeding response to oestrogen is no guarantee of a healthy endometrium.

Climacteric↗
PubMed1977

Effect of hormone replacement therapy on glucose tolerance in postmenopausal women.

Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed on 50 symptomatic postmenopausal women before and after three months of hormone replacement therapy. All patients were randomly allocated to one of five groups treated with various synthetic or so-called naturally occurring oestrogens. Therapy produced a significant deterioration of carbohydrate tolerance with sequential preparations containing 100 microgram of ethinyl oestradiol or graduated doses of mestranol up to 50 microgram. The conjugated equine oestrogen (1.25 mg daily) and oestrogen valerate (2 mg daily) treated groups did not show abnormal glucose tolerance. The decreased glucose tolerance may be due as much to dosage levels as to any metabolic characteristics of the various oestrogens prescribed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The effect of different regimens of oestrogens on the clotting and fibrinolytic system of the post-menopausal woman.

The effects of six different regimens of hormone replacement therapy on coagulation, fibrinolysis and platelet aggregation were sudied in 33 symptomatic, post-menopausal women. Studies were performed before and after 3 months of therapy in the six treatment groups, Premarin, Progynova, Harmogen, Serial 28, ethynodiol diacetate and a testosterone and oestradiol implant. No changes in any parameter were detected following administration of Premarin, Progynova or an implant of testosterone and oestradiol. Serial 28 produced a significant increase in plasminogen concentration and increased the extent of platelet aggregation in 0.5 micron adrenalin solution. Harmogen produced an increase in the extent of platelet aggregation in 1.0 micron adrenalin solution, but a decrease in the rate of platelet aggregation in 1.0 micron solution. Ethynodiol diacetate caused a significant decrease in the kaolin-cephalin clotting time but decreased the extent of platelet aggregation in 0.5 and 1.0 micron solutions of adrenalin. FDPs developed following therapy in 9 of the 33 patients. These were evenly distributed between the groups. No patients had any change in anti-Xa concentration, platelet count or platelet aggregation in thrombin.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dosimetric investigations in the dose buildup using bolus techniques for fast neutron therapy.

A moulded bolus is commonly used to compensate for contour irregularities of patients treated with fast neutrons. The bolus material should have the same attenuation characteristics as tissue, should be easily mouldable and sufficiently solid for multiple applications. For fast neutron beams, the mixture of equal parts of beeswax and paraffin is a suitable bolus material. As in photon beams the bolus, when placed directly on the patient skin, removes completely the skin sparing effect. However, in neutron beams the dose buildup can mostly be recovered by lining the bolus surface in contact with the patient with a thin layer of lead. This paper presents dosimetric investigations in the dose buildup of a collimated 14-MeV DT-neutron beam underneath the surface of a solid phantom behind a 1.0-cm layer of bolus material lined with 0.03 cm of lead. It is shown that most of the dose buildup of the bolus-free neutron beam can be recovered.

Cobalt Radioisotopes↗