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Biomedical subjects

M Totsuka

Publications and source records attributed to M Totsuka.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Pathological study of the hyperplastic dental follicle.

Eleven specimens of hyperplastic dental follicles were studied clinicopathologically, with reference to the patient's sex and age at the time of diagnosis, site of the lesions, and histopathology. The patients comprised 6 males and 5 females with an average age of 15.7 years (range 10 to 23 years). Two cases involved multiple lesions, and 9 a single lesion. The lesions were related to impaction of the canine, second premolar, second molar or third molar. Radiographically, the lesions showed various degrees of radiolucency around the crown of the impacted tooth. Most of the cases were diagnosed clinically as dentigerous cyst. The histopathological features of the lesions were similar to those of normal dental follicular tissue around the developing tooth. No tumorous features such as odontogenic fibroma, odontogenic myxoma or myxofibroma were evident in the lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Study on recombinant BCG].

For the purpose to establish the system to express foreign antigen from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. We have cloned, sequenced and expressed genes for secreting proteins, alpha antigen, MPB64, MPB57 and MPB70 from M. bovis BCG. The upstreams and structural genes were characterized. The gene for alpha antigen of Mycobacterium kansasii was also characterized. The gene for alpha antigen of M. kansasii (k-alpha) was chosen for the further study at first. This gene was fused with shuttle plasmid PIJ666-PAL5000 obtained from T. Kisser and transfected to M. bovis BCG (Tokyo). Transformant was obtained by a selection with kanamycin. It was able to secrete k-alpha antigen. DNA-containing a B-cell epitope (Glu-12-Leu-Asp-Arg-Trp-Glu-Lys-Ile-19) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 P17 gag was fused to this vector at C terminal of k-alpha. Using this vector, we have succeeded to express foreign antigen in M. bovis BCG. The products were analyzed in one or two dimensional electro-phoresis. The results thus obtained will be reported elsewhere.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Chemical analyses, local Shwartzman reactivity, and body weight-decreasing activity of aqueous-phenol extracts of Mycoplasma salivarium cells. Biological activities of Mycoplasma salivarium.

Aqueous-phenol extracts of Mycoplasma salivarium ATCC 23064 cells (APM) showed demonstrable differences from lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) of Veillonella rodentium ATCC 17743. These were as follows: smaller amounts of amino sugars and an absence of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate; local Shwartzman reactivity and body weight-decreasing activity, even though the activities were rather weak compared with those of LPSs. Therefore, phenol-water extractive components of Mycoplasma salivarium might be of pathogenic importance in mediating damaging effects on the periodontium.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Therapeutic evaluation of combination therapy using C-425, human native immunoglobulin liquid preparation for i.v. administration, with antibiotics in severe infections in the field of surgery].

In a nationwide study conducted in 11 surgical institutions of C-425, a newly developed human native immunoglobulin liquid preparation for intravenous injection, was combined with conventional antibiotic treatment to investigate the efficacy and safety. A total of 47 patients with severe infections which had not symptomatically responded to 3-day or longer treatment with any antibiotics was included. Doctors in charge judged the efficacy of C-425 to be "excellent" in 3 patients, "good" in 13, "fair" in 15, and "poor" in 4. Thus, a total of 16 patients (45.7%) was judged to have responded to C-425 when the "excellent" and "good" responses were combined. The number responding was 31 (88.6%) when the "fair" cases were also included. Excluding 31 patients who did not meet the Committee's criteria, the Committee judged the efficacy of C-425 in a total of 16 patients; the efficacy was "excellent" in 2 patients, "good" in 4, "fair" in 9, and "poor" in 1. The number of responding patients was 6 (37.5%) of the 16 when the "excellent" and "good" cases were combined, and 15 (93.8%) when the "fair" cases were added. Bacteriological assessment was conducted in a total of 9 patients. Causative bacteria were eradicated in 3 patients, decreased in number in 1, replaced in 2, and persisted in 3. Thus, bacteriological efficacy was observed in 6 of the 9 patients (66.7%). Neither adverse reactions nor drug-related laboratory abnormalities were observed in the 47 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Establishment of a foreign antigen secretion system in mycobacteria.

In order to develop recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG into a useful multivaccine vehicle, we established a foreign antigen secretion system in mycobacteria in which an extracellular alpha antigen of Mycobacterium kansasii was utilized as a carrier. By using this system, a B-cell epitope (Glu-12-Leu-Asp-Arg-Trp-Glu-Lys-Ile-19) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 p17gag, which was identified by a fusion protein-based method, has been successfully obtained from BCG along with the alpha antigen. This is the first report of expression and secretion of a foreign viral antigen from BCG. It is possible that the system can become a universal vaccination vehicle applicable to protection against various infectious diseases.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Changes in total fiber numbers of disused soleus muscle on rats.

In this study, by use of technique that was modified from Morey method, we discussed the histological influence on the soleus muscle of the rats caused by disuse. This study is characterized by the calculating of total numbers of muscle fibers. ST (slow-twitch) and FT (fast-twitch) fibers in total muscular cross-sectional area were classified by their difference in intensity of staining of actomyosin adenosinetriphosphatase (myosin ATPase). During the experiment, average fiber diameter of ST and FT fibers declined when compared to control group (p less than 0.01). A 54% decrease in the total number of ST fibers was observed in the experimental group (p less than 0.01). Conversely, the total number of FT fibers increased to 362% of the control value (p less than 0.01). These results of the changes evoked in ST and FT fibers indicate 34% decrease in total muscular cross-sectional area, and showed that muscular function shifted toward a faster muscle in disused soleus muscle.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Relationship between exercise-induced changes in serum and hepatic cholesterol metabolism in rats].

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of exercise training on serum cholesterol level and hepatic cholesterol metabolism in rats. Twenty-four male Wistar strain rats, aged 6 weeks, were assigned to one of three experimental groups; control (n = 8), exercised 20 minutes a day (E20, n = 8), and exercised 60 minutes a day (E60, n = 8). Rats were sacrificed after ten weeks exercise. The levels of serum total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol in the group E20 and group E60 were lower than that of control, 8% and 24% (p less than 0.01) for the total cholesterol and 10% and 24% (p less than 0.05) for the HDL-cholesterol, respectively. The activity of HMG-CoA reductase in liver microsome was significantly higher in the group E60 than that of control. The hepatic microsomal HMG-CoA reductase activity was negatively related to serum total (r = -0.62, p less than 0.01) and HDL (r = -0.58, p less than 0.01) cholesterol levels. From these results, we concluded that the enhancement of the cholesterol metabolism in the liver by exercise is a major course of the exercise-induced change in serum cholesterol of Wistar rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Expression and secretion of bovine beta-lactoglobulin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

A bovine beta-lactoglobulin (beta-LG) was expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae carrying bovine pre-beta-LG cDNA and secreted into its growth medium. The expression plasmid was constructed by inserting the whole coding region of the cDNA encoding pre-beta-LG between the promoter and terminator of the yeast glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene of pYG100, a yeast expression vector. In the supernatant of the yeast growth medium, beta-LG with a native conformation was detected by sandwich ELISA, and its amount was estimated to be 1.1 mg/l. A Western-immunoblotting analysis revealed that beta-LG secrected in the growth medium had the same mobility as that of authentic bovine beta-LG. The N-terminal sequence was also identical with that of authentic mature bovine beta-LG.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Monoclonal antibodies as probes for monitoring the denaturation process of bovine beta-lactoglobulin.

Five monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) of different idiotypes were produced against bovine beta-lactoglobulin (beta-LG). Among them, MAbs 61B4 and 62A6 reacted preferentially to native beta-LG, while MAbs 21B3 and 31A4 reacted more strongly to the reduced carboxymethylated (denatured) beta-LG than to the native material. These two types of MAb were used to analyze the denaturation process of a beta-LG molecule during heating. The binding affinity of MAbs 21B3 and 31A4 with beta-LG was increased by increasing the heating temperature, the transition temperature being 67-68 degrees C, while that of MAbs 61B4 and 62A6 was reduced by increasing the temperature, this transition temperature being about 80 degrees C. Epitopes recognized by MAbs 31A4 and 61B4 were shown to be included in the segments, Lys8-Trp19 (mostly in the random-coil region) and Thr125-Lys135 (helical region), respectively. The heat-induced conformational change of the beta-LG molecule is, therefore, likely to start in random-coil region as Lys8-Trp19, and to be followed by a structural change in a helical region as Thr125-Lys135. This study demonstrates that MAb is a useful probe to monitor local conformational changes of a protein molecule during denaturation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Two types of Ca channels in smooth muscle cells isolated from guinea-pig taenia coli.

1) Two types of voltage dependent Ca channels with different conductances and inactivation kinetics were identified from cell-attached patch clamp recordings. One type, with a larger conductance of 25pS, had a threshold of activation near -40mV and the mean current inactivated slowly. A second type of Ca channel, with a smaller conductance of 12pS channel, but the averaged mean current inactivated rapidly. 2) Cadmium ions inhibited the large conductance Ca channel currents, while the small conductance Ca channel currents was not blocked. 3) Large conductance Ca channel current selectively inhibited by dihydropyridine derivative, Nifedipine. Small conductance Ca channel current is abolished in dose dependent manner by pyrethroid insecticide, tetranethrine.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Purification and characterization of bacteriophage receptor on Veillonella rodentium cells. Phage-receptor on Veillonella.

Veillonellophage N2 adsorbed to polysaccharides (PSs) on Veillonella rodentium ATCC 17743 cell wall, and the bacteriophage receptor contained only glucosamine. D(+)-glucosamine hydrochloride (Sigma) also adsorbed the veillonellophage N2. These results therefore indicate that the receptor to the veillonellophage N2 is cell wall PSs. The PSs of the host cells as receptor have been characterized. Glucosamine accounted for approximately 100% of the weight of the PSs. The PSs which were partially resolved by Sephadex G-75 chromatography comprised approximately four glucosamine units. Their primary structure was determined by 400 MHz n.m.r. spectroscopy. One- and two-dimensional 1H-nmr experiments showed the PS to be a branched polymer. Glucosamine linkage was detected in one of the branches.

Bacteriophages↗
PubMed1989

Effect of disuse on the ultrastructure of the achilles tendon in rats.

We examined the influence exerted, through disuse of the hindlimb, on the collagen fibres of the achilles tendon in rats. With disuse the body mass decreased by 28%, and the mass of soleus muscle decreased by 20%. A decrease in the surface area and diameter was observed in the experimental group when compared to the control group. A histogram of the collagen fibres showed a decrease of the thick fibres in the experimental group. The maximum surface area of collagen fibres in the experimental group was seen to be only 43% of that of the control group. These results showed a decrease in the thickness of the collagen fibres of the achilles tendon through disuse. This seemed to suggest that resistance to tension is decreased by disuse.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1988

Phage-receptor on the cell wall of Veillonella rodentium.

Veillonellophage N2 prevented from adsorbing to Veillonella rodentium ATCC 17743 cells treated with polymyxin B, and also to lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) of the host cells treated with antibiotics. Therefore, these results indicate that receptor to phage N2 is cell wall LPSs. The LPSs of V. rodentium ATCC 17743 cells as receptor were characterized. Lipid A and total carbohydrate accounted for approximately 40% of the weight of the lipopolysaccharide complex. Heptose and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate were also present. Amino compounds included glucosamine, galactosamine, and glycine.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1987

[Adrenal circulation of rabbits in hemorrhagic and endotoxin shock].

Tissue circulation of the adrenal gland which is known as antishock organ was investigated by the hydrogen clearance method in hemorrhagic and endotoxin shock using rabbits. Mean blood pressure was maintained at 35 mmHg for two hours in the hemorrhagic group, while 2mg/kg of endotoxin was injected intravenously in the endotoxin group. The data obtained were as follows: Adrenal tissue circulation and renal circulation were reduced to 40% and 14.9%, respectively in the hemorrhagic group and reduced to 69% and 48%, respectively in the endotoxin group. Plasma corticosterone concentration was significantly elevated in both groups. Plasma beta-glucuronidase was significantly elevated in both groups and most animals died within 72 hours. From these data we concluded that adrenal circulation was distributed preferentially at the sacrifice of renal circulation in the shocked state.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1986

Phosphatase activity as a criterion for differentiation of oral mycoplasmas.

Phosphatase activity was found to be applicable as a criterion for the differentiation of Mycoplasma salivarium and Mycoplasma orale, predominant constituents of oral mycoplasmal flora. Therefore, a simple procedure for the phosphatase activity assay was established as a screening test for the differentiation of oral mycoplasmas.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical study of protein and amino acids metabolism in surgical infection--significance of administration of branched chain amino acids].

Anastomotic leakage and fistula of alimentary tract are accompanied by peritonitis because of exudation of contents in the digestive canal. In order to inquire about metabolism of protein and amino acids in surgical infection, this study was performed by the method of a time related cross-over trial, comparing high branched chain amino acids (BCAA) solution with low BCAA solution. The following results were obtained. When metabolism is physiologically compensated in infection, it was suggested that there appeared to be gluconeogenesis, ureagenesis and a liver disturbance accompanied in the early phase of sepsis. Administration of BCAA leads to an inhibition of muscle protein break down and a promotion of visceral protein synthesis in the case of severe infection. Administration of BCAA enriched amino acids solution have an important therapeutic measure under severe stressed condition and a significant role in medicine.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Intrinsic endotoxemia after massive hepatectomy--effect of intra-intestinal antibiotics].

It is known that intrinsic endotoxemia is caused by two main mechanisms, reticuloendothelial system dysfunction and intestinal circulatory failure. We investigated the escape of endotoxin from the intestine under occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery 3 days after 70% liver resection in rabbits. Twelve rabbits were given intra-intestinal antibiotics (Antibiotics group) and other twelve rabbits were given saline only (Control group). The results were as follows. Indocyanine green clearance and lipid clearance were deteriorated in both groups after hepatectomy but the antibiotics group showed a better clearance rate than the control group. Serum endotoxin level was elevated slightly after hepatectomy and then grossly elevated after superior mesenteric artery occlusion, but the antibiotics group showed a lower endotoxin level than that of the control group. Seventy-two hours survival rate was apparently better in the antibiotics group. From those data we conclude that the administration of intraintestinal antibiotics contributed to the maintenance of reticuloendothelial function of remnant hepatic lobe and suppressed the serum endotoxin level after superior mesenteric artery occlusion.

Animals↗