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Biomedical subjects

M Toyonaga

Publications and source records attributed to M Toyonaga.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Sarcoid reaction in primary tumor of bronchogenic large cell carcinoma accompanied with massive necrosis.

A 49-year-old woman consulted our hospital for evaluation of a tumor with cavitation in the S6 segment of the right lung. She was given a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculoma because percutaneous needle aspiration cytology revealed epithelioid cells with a background of necrosis. However, a diagnosis of large cell carcinoma with central necrosis (p-T2NOM0) was established by thoracoscopic lung biopsy six months later. Pathological findings of surgical resection specimens showed that epithelioid cell granulomas adjacent to the neoplasm had a sarcoid reaction and the necrosis was related to the rapidly growing tumor because there was no clinical evidence of systemic sarcoidosis and pulmonary mycobacterial or fungal infection. This is the first report in which sarcoid reactions were recognized in a primary large cell carcinoma.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1993

The spleen can influence the metastasis of AH130 hepatoma cells in rats.

The effect of pathophysiological conditions due to disturbance of the spleen is still unclear. We studied the effects of splenectomy in normal and methylcellulose-induced hypersplenic rats on the development of pulmonary metastases created by intravenous injection of ascites containing AH130 hepatoma cells from male Hos-Donryu rats. Growth of metastatic lesions in the lung was not affected by splenectomy in normal rats, but was increased by splenectomy in hypersplenic rats. Overall, there were fewer pulmonary metastases in rats with hypersplenism, but after splenectomy rats with hypersplenism had a significantly greater number of metastases than did normal rats. The metastases rate correlated somewhat with changes in the blood coagulation and T lymphocyte profile. There is a relationship between the spleen and formation of metastases in cancer. Formation of metastases in the lung was affected most by splenectomy in hypersplenism. To elucidate the mechanism by which metastases are formed in the lung under these pathologic conditions, further studies on the exact role of the spleen are required.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Major histocompatibility antigen-restricted cytotoxicity in inflammatory bowel disease.

BACKGROUND: The role of cytotoxicity mediated by peripheral blood mononuclear cells for colonic epithelial cells in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still controversial. To clarify it, we studied major histocompatibility antigen (MHC)-restricted T cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CTL). METHODS: Cytotoxicity was measured by 51Cr release from colonic cells after the 6-hour incubation with peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 11 IBD patients (6 with Crohn's disease and 5 with ulcerative colitis). RESULTS: CTL activity (E/T ratio = 200:1 or 100:1) for autologous target cells was significantly increased (22%-40%) in 5 of 6 CD and 4 of 5 UC patients (22%-64%) compared with that for allogeneic target cells. The increase in CTL activity was mainly inhibited by anti-MHC class I and CD8 monoclonal antibodies (50 micrograms/mL), while it was partially inhibited by anti-MHC class II or CD4 antibodies in some patients. Complement-mediated depletion of CD2+ cells also significantly decreased CTL activity. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that MHC-restricted T cell cytotoxicity may play a role in mucosal damage in some patients of IBD.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Combination of intraoperative radiation with resection of cancer of the pancreas.

The utility of intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) as an adjuvant to the surgical resection of pancreatic cancer was studied. In 1976, as our first trial with this combined therapy, we applied IORT with 30 Gy of electron beam with 8 MeV to 15 patients to prevent local recurrence around the celiac axis and superior mesenteric artery after standard pancreatectomy. However, the combined therapy did not show an improvement in survival rate as compared to that of 19 patients with standard operation alone. Autopsies of three patients with the combined therapy did not show involved lymph nodes in the radiation field, but did show local recurrence around the aorta outside the radiation field. By comparison, we performed extended operation without IORT on nine patients, with almost complete dissection of the lymph nodes around the aorta, from the diaphragm to the level of the inferior mesenteric artery. This extended surgery did not improve survival time, and autopsy showed local recurrence in spite of the dissection of lymph nodes. Therefore, since 1984, we have performed IORT with a dose of 30 Gy, 9 MeV, and an extended radiation field from the diaphragm above to the inferior mesenteric artery below, following extended operation on 14 patients. The five-year cumulative survival rate of these cases was 33.3%. Four autopsies showed improvement of local control rate. No radiation-related complications were noticed postoperatively in patients who underwent extended IORT following pancreatectomy. We were encouraged to continue this approach for the cure of pancreatic cancer.

Adult↗