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Biomedical subjects

M Tusl

Publications and source records attributed to M Tusl.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

The effect of chronic exposure to 100 ppm carbon monoxide on brain biomines, serum corticosterone and organ weights in rats.

The effect of chronic exposure to 100 ppm (0.01%) CO on pituitary-adrenal activity was evaluated by measuring serum corticosterone and brain bioamine levels in the rat. Exposure to CO for 1 month induced a decrease in the brain serotonin levels. Serum corticosterone, brain dopamine and noradrenaline as well as the weight of the adrenal glands, lungs, spleen and liver were unchanged. After two months of exposure, serum corticosterone and brain serotonin levels were elevated and the liver weight was significantly lower. This suggests that at this chronic low concentration CO acts as a stressor, and the organism initiates a general defensive reaction. The effect of CO on the pituitary-adrenal axis could be mediated by a central neuronal pathway.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Importance of the functional state of alveolar macrophages of the lungs for hygienic evaluation of protective reactions and cell damage due to atmospheric pollution.

Total number of cells, their viability and ability to adhesion were examined in surface alveolar macrophages isolated from rat livers after exposure to sulphur dioxide during 2, 4 and 6 weeks (0.05, 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 mg/m3); to nitrogen oxide during 5, 8 and 15 hours, 28 and 56 days (19 mg/m3) and to carbon monoxide during 2, 28 and 56 days (0.01% or 10 MAC). In the experiment with exposure to sulphur dioxide, the activity of enzymes of varying localization in the macrophages - soluble in the cytoplasm (lactate dehydrogenase) and connected with subcellular structures - lysosomes (beta-galactosidase, beta-glucosidase and acid phosphatase) was tested by means of biochemical methods in parallel with cytological examinations. Low concentrations of various chemical contaminants of the atmospheric air (sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide) have an unfavourable biological effect on rats, manifest in the impairment of local immunity, i.e., decreased number of alveolar macrophages, disturbance of their viability and reduced ability of the macrophages to adhesion. At the same time, sulphur dioxide induces enzyme disorganization in lactate dehydrogenase and in a number of lysosomal enzymes of the macrophages. These results serve as a basis for the recommendation of cytobiochemical methods of elaborating methodological approaches to the regulation of environmental factors. Alveolar macrophages as a constituent part of the mononuclear phagocytic system ensuring local non-specific and specific resistance of the organism form one of the most important cellular mechanisms of protection of the organism against the harmful effect of environmental factors including chemical contaminants of the atmospheric air (1, 2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acid Phosphatase↗