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Biomedical subjects

M Tweed

Publications and source records attributed to M Tweed.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

The effect of differing support surfaces on the efficacy of chest compressions using a resuscitation manikin model.

AIM: External chest compression (ECC) efficacy is influenced by factors including the surface supporting the patient. Air-filled support surfaces are deflated for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, with little evidence to substantiate this. We investigated the effect that differing support surfaces had on ECC efficacy using a CPR manikin model. METHODOLOGY: Four participants carried out four cycles of ECC with an assistant ventilating. The subjects were blinded to the seven support surfaces and the order was randomised. For each participant/surface combination, ECC variables and the participants' perceptions were measured. RESULTS: Participants produced effective ECC with the manikin on the floor (mean proportion correct, 94.5%; mean depth, 42.5 mm). Compared with the floor: the proportion of correct ECC was less for the overlay inflated (P<0.05); the depth of ECC was less effective (30-37 mm) for the overlay inflated/deflated and low-air-loss inflated and foam mattresses (P<0.05). The foam mattress, overlay inflated/deflated, and low-air-loss inflated were perceived as being less stable and as having reduced ECC efficacy compared with the floor. There was no difference or agreement, regarding subjects' perceptions or ECC variables, between the support surfaces or between inflated/deflated air-filled support surfaces. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of ECC is affected by the support surfaces. There seems little evidence to substantiate deflating all air-filled support surfaces for CPR.

Beds↗
PubMed2001

The face validity of a final professional clinical examination.

OBJECTIVE: To develop new methods of evaluating face validity in the context of a revised final professional examination for medical undergraduates, organized on three sites, over 2 days. METHODS: The opinion of the students and examiners was surveyed by Likert-style questionnaires, with additional open comments. Expert opinion was gathered from external examiner reports and a recent Quality Assurance Agency (QAA) Subject Review Report. RESULTS: The questionnaires had an overall response rate of 84%. Internal reliability, assessed by comparing responses to appropriate questions, was good with an equivalence of 45% (weighted kappa 0.54) for the students and 33% (weighted kappa 0.41) for the assessors. There was little evidence of inconsistency between days or sites. The majority of the opinions from the students, examiners and external experts were positive. Negative comments related to time pressure and case mix. CONCLUSION: The measurement of face validity proved feasible and valuable and will assist in the further development of the course and the examination.

Attitude↗
PubMed2000

The design and synthesis of thrombin inhibitors: analogues of MD805 containing non-polar surrogates for arginine at the P1 position.

A series of monocyclic and bicyclic amino acids have been synthesised and incorporated into thrombin inhibitors based on CGH728, an analogue of the Mitsubishi compound MD805. Benzthiazolylalanine (Bta) was found to be a good non-polar substitute for arginine at the P1 position, yielding compounds with low nanomolar potency and good selectivity for thrombin.

Alanine↗
PubMed2000

The design and synthesis of thrombin inhibitors: the introduction of in vivo efficacy and oral bioavailability into benzthiazolylalanine inhibitors.

The further optimisation of the novel lead compound CGH752 (Fig. 1) is described. By introducing various substituents into the 6-position of the 3,3-dimethyltetrahydroquinoline (DMTHQS) ring we have been able to favourably affect the in vitro and in vivo activity, and the pharmacokinetics of such compounds. One of the inhibitors synthesised (CGH1484) is bioavailable and shows efficacy in animal models of thrombosis.

Administration, Oral↗