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Biomedical subjects

M Ukita

Publications and source records attributed to M Ukita.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Local injection of high-dose CDDP to the advanced gynecological cancer].

We investigated the efficacy of local injection of high-dose CDDP. The subjects were 16 patients with advanced gynecological cancer or tumor recurrence, in whom systemic administration of CDDP was inadvisable because of advanced age or associated complications (12 cases of cervical carcinoma, 2 cases of endometrial carcinoma, 1 case of ovarian carcinoma, and 1 case of vulvar carcinoma). In 14 cases, CDDP was injected locally to the tumor mass, using a single dose of 50-300 mg. In 2 cases, a single dose of 10-20 mg of CDDP was infused into the uterine cavity. The effects of the therapy were evaluated by cytodiagnosis, tumor markers, CT, and performance status. In all cases, an antitumor effect was noted, and seven subjects survived for at least 24 months following these therapy with CDDP. One patient developed vesicovaginal and rectovaginal fistulae after local injection of CDDP following high-dose radiotherapy. We investigated the plasma concentrations of free and total platinum after CDDP application with doses from 60-200 mg/body. Plasma concentrations showed a biphasic pattern (phase alpha and phase beta), and the peak plasma concentration of CDDP was lower than that following intravenous administration of the same dose. From these results, it was suggested that a large dose of CDDP can be injected into the tumor tissue itself and the surrounding tissue with comparatively few side effects. It will be possible to administer large dose of CDDP in this way to the terminal patients to whom there is currently no other appropriate method of treatment. The performance status of our subjects was improved, and we expect that wider use of this method will improve the quality of life for end-stage patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

IgG subclasses of anti-A and anti-B antibodies bound to the cord red cells in ABO incompatible pregnancies.

IgG subclasses were determined in 138 A or B infants weighing over 2,500g, born to O mothers. Direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was positive in 43 infants and negative in 95 with anti-A and/or anti-B antibodies detected by heat elution test. In 59 out of 131 infants without ABO hemolytic disease (ABO-HDN), no IgG subclass was detectable. In the 72 others, IgG1 was found in 29/72, IgG2 in 63/72, and IgG3 was not detected. In 7 infants with ABO-HDN, DAT was positive in 4 and negative in 3. In conclusion, in DAT-positive infants without HDN, IgG1 or IgG2 may be bound to erythrocytes, but the amount of IgG1 is too small to cause hemolysis. In DAT-positive ABO-HDN the amount of IgG1 is sufficient to cause hemolysis. In DAT-negative ABO-HDN, IgG3 is responsible for hemolysis, even though undetectable by DAT.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1989

[Study on management of low potential malignancy ovarian tumors].

Thirty-six patients with low potential malignancy ovarian tumors were treated at our hospital from 1972 to 1986. Of these, 80.6% were classified as stage I, 5.6% as stage II, and 13.9% as stage III. Sixteen patients were treated by simple total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, 15 patients by unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, 2 patients by enucleation of the tumor, and 3 patients by exploratory laparotomy. In stage I no difference between the survival rates for the conservative therapy group and the radical therapy group was seen. Postoperative radiation therapy was given to 4 patients with dysgerminoma, and chemotherapy was given to 13 other patients. The five-year survival rate for stage I was 91.7%, better than for stage I malignant ovarian tumors, which was 78.9%. But the five-year survival rate for stage II and stage III was 0%. Analysis indicated that: 1. Prognosis of stage I patients is so good that treatments may be done in consideration of the patient's fertility. 2. The importance of adequate postoperative treatment and of strict follow up to guard against recurrence of malignancy is important in patients with stage II or stage III disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Lactate dehydrogenase M-subunit deficiency: a new type of hereditary exertional myopathy.

Three families with a complete deficiency of the lactate dehydrogenase M subunit show exertional myoglobinuria. The response to ischemic forearm work is characteristic in these three families: an increase of venous lactate concentration after ischemic work was not observed and a marked increase of venous pyruvate was found. Glycolysis was markedly retarded in the patient's muscle in the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GA3PD) step. A significant increases in glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate and fructose 1,6-diphosphate were observed. The glycolysis retardation may be attributed to the impaired reoxidation of NADH produced by GA3PD action. The cytosolic fraction of skeletal muscle is rich in alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. This enzyme reoxidizes the excess NADH and drains triose phosphates from the glycolytic pathway under anaerobic conditions. For this reason, ATP production was significantly impaired and muscle cells were damaged in these patients. Consequently, the cytosolic enzymes and proteins such as creatine kinase and myoglobin were released into the blood stream. Otherwise, patients with a lactate dehydrogenase M-subunit deficiency do not show muscle stiffness and myoglobinuria under ordinary circumstances. They complain of muscle rigidity and sudden myoglobinuria after strenous exercise under anaerobic conditions. Thus, the lactate dehydrogenase M-subunit deficiency does not show any symptoms under ordinary circumstances, but is a latent hereditary disorder, now recognized as a new type of hereditary exertional myoglobinuria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Characterization of abnormalities in the gamma-globin gene arrangements of Japanese newborns.

Cord blood samples from 889 healthy Japanese newborns from three districts of Honshu Island were studied with the purpose of characterizing the gamma-globin genes in the Japanese. The A gamma T gene frequency was 0.159 which is the same as that found elsewhere in Japan. The haplotype of the chromosome with the A gamma T gene was [-- ++ - + (+ or -) (+ or -)] at eight polymorphic sites. Data from analyses of DNA and the proportion of gamma chains in Hb F showed the existence of various kinds of gamma-globin gene arrangements; six genotypes were observed for individuals with high G gamma values and triple or quadruple gamma-globin gene arrangements, and seven genotypes for babies with low G gamma values and a single gamma-globin gene. The in vivo expression of the gamma-globin gene located at the third or fourth position in the multiple gene arrangement was found to be about 5% and 2.5% of the total, respectively. The haplotype for the chromosomes with a triple gamma-globin gene was [+ --(-)---- +], but that for the chromosomes with a single gamma-globin gene remains unclear. In addition, a new type of Bgl II polymorphism in the G gamma-globin gene was observed.

Fetal Blood↗
PubMed1985

[A clinical study on the prognosis of infants born by breech delivery].

The influence of breech and vertex delivery on intrapartum fetal and neonatal mortality was studied in 8,863 infants delivered at Kurashiki Central Hospital Perinatal Center. The rate of mortality was studied in cases without fatal congenital anomalies. The frequency of congenital anomaly was also studied in 8,863 infants delivered by breech and vertex presentation. Infants were divided into five groups according to their birth weight: 99g or less, 1,000-1,499g, 1,500-1,999g, 2,000-2,499g and 2,500g or more. Infants were also grouped into four by gestational age: 24-27 weeks, 28-31 weeks, 32-36 weeks and 37 weeks or more. The total infant mortality rate was 4.9% in breech delivery, and 0.5% in vertex delivery, respectively. This difference was statistically significant. The rate of major congenital anomaly in breech delivery was significantly higher than in vertex delivery. The rate of premature deliveries in breech presentation was also significantly higher than in vertex delivery. The rate of mortality in the group weighing 1,000-1,499g was 50.0% in breech delivery, and 17.6% in vertex delivery, respectively. This difference was statistically significant. The rate of mortality in the group delivered at 28-31 weeks gestational age was 62.5% in breech delivery, and 15.4% in vertex delivery, respectively (statistically significant). The rate of severe neonatal asphyxia in infants delivered at 28-31 weeks of gestational age was significantly higher in breech delivery than in vertex delivery.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1984

[Neonatal survival and perinatal factors in infants born at 24 to 32 weeks of gestation].

Clinical associations between neonatal survival and perinatal factors were studied in very premature infants delivered at Kurashiki Central Hospital Perinatal Center during April 1979 to March 1983. The very premature singleton infants without congenital anomaly were studied in the present work, including 45 live-birth infants born at 24 to 32 weeks of gestation and weighing 590 to 2,000g at birth. The mortality rate for male infants was higher than that for female infants, but this difference was not statistically significant. The mortality rate for infants born at 28 to 32 weeks of gestation was 2.9%, and that for infants weighing 1,000g or more at birth, respectively. The cause of all these neonatal death was massive aspiration syndrome with intracranial hemorrhage, and severe neonatal asphyxia. The mortality rate for infants born at 24 to 32 weeks of gestation was 60%, and that of infants weighing 999g or less, 60%, respectively. The cause of all these neonatal deaths was respiratory distress syndrome with intracranial hemorrhage. Clinically, it was suggested that cesarean section after onset of labor, PROM, and Betamethasone prior to delivery increased the survival rate of these infants statistically significantly. The most important neonatal complication in the prognosis of very premature infants was intracranial hemorrhage. The most correlated perinatal factors of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage were one min. Apgar score and fetal lung maturation.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1982

[Intrapartum FHR monitoring and neonatal CT brain scan].

The effect of fetal distress on the neonatal brain was investigated by neonatal CT brain scan, FHR monitoring and mode of delivery. This study involved 11 cases of full term vertex delivery in which FHR was recorded by fetal direct ECG during the second stage labor. All infants weighed 2,500g or more. FHR monitoring was evaluated by Hon's classification. Neonatal brain edema was evaluated by cranial CT histographic analysis (Nakada's method). 1) Subdural hemorrhage was noted in 6 of 7 infants delivered by vacuum extraction or fundal pressure (Kristeller's method). 2) Intracranial hemorrhage was demonstrated in all of 3 infants with 5-min. Apgar score 7 or less. 3) Two cases with prolonged bradycardia and no variability had intraventricular or intracerebral hemorrhage which resulted in severe central nervous system damage. 4) The degree of neonatal brain edema correlated with 5-min. Apgar score. 5) One case with prolonged bradycardia and no variability resulted in severe neonatal brain edema. Four cases with variable deceleration and increased variability resulted in mild neonatal brain edema. Two cases with late deceleration and decreased variability resulted in no neonatal brain edema.

Brain↗