Mid-trimester ultrasound diagnosis of isolated talipes equinovarus: accuracy and outcome for infants.
Seventeen fetuses were diagnosed with isolated congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) on mid-trimester ultrasound at the Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, between January, 1992 and December 1995. Sixteen of the 17 cases had an amniocentesis performed and all karyotypes were normal. The remaining case was phenotypically normal, except for a clubfoot. None of the pregnancies was complicated by any of the recognized intrauterine environmental causes of CTEV. Four of the babies were delivered prematurely and all survived the neonatal period. Six (35%) infants did not have CTEV at birth, although 2 had postural varus feet. Nine of the 11 infants who did have CTEV at birth were treated within days of birth with plaster of Paris for periods of 6 to 12 weeks. Two infants required no further treatment, 5 required orthotics and 2 required surgery. The other 2 infants with CTEV at birth were treated with orthotics at 8 weeks of age. All infants were considered to have an excellent result at the 2 year follow-up. Seven (41%) of the prospective parents received antenatal counselling by an orthopaedic surgeon and the lack of study on outcome following an ultrasound diagnosis of CTEV was the impetus for our work.