Biomedical subjects

M V Krotenkova

Publications and source records attributed to M V Krotenkova.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[The role of neurovisualization methods in diagnosis and verification of vertigo etiology].

Roentgen computed tomography (RCT) and MR-imaging (MRI) were used in investigation of vertigo etiology and affection of the cochleovestibular analyzer in 130 patients aged 28 to 74 years with recurrent systemic rotatory vertigo or its other symptoms. All the patients have undergone comprehensive otoneurological examination, RCT and MRI which showed that peripheral cochleovestibular syndromes (PCVS) caused by arterial hypertension (AH), atherosclerosis (AS), vascular dystonia (VD) are rarely characterized by focal alterations in the brain. PCVS comparison with blood flow in the vertebral arteries (VA) detected most frequently anomalies and asymmetries of the diameters. MR-angiography plays an important role in verification of pathology of intracranial VA. In central cochleovestibular syndrome (CCVS) with AH, AS, VD, principal pathological changes were registered in the brain trunk and cerebellum by MRI. Vestibulometry and otoneurological method detect not only vascular cochleovestibular peripheral and central syndromes but also to make differential diagnosis. RCT and MRI verify cochleovestibular syndromes in patients with multiple encephalomyelitis, VIII nerve neurinoma and tumors of the posterior cranial fossa.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Structural and functional analysis of the cortico-spinal tract in multiple sclerosis].

The study aimed at comparison of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) parameters to MRI data in multiple sclerosis (MS), taking into account clinical course of the disease. TMS was conducted in 56 patients and in 10 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. According to stage of activity and variant of the course, the patients were divided into 2 groups: one at the stage of exacerbation and another--at the stage of remission with secondary progressive MS. Latency of segmental evoked motor response was similar in patients and controls. Statistically significant between-group difference or trend toward changing of some TMS parameters were found that indicates a slow-down of the impulse conducting along the cortico-spinal tract, which is characteristic of demyelinization process. The changes were more pronounced in secondary-progressive MS. According to MRI data, a square of the spinal cord on the level of the intervertebral disk center C2/C3 was significantly smaller in the group of patients with secondary progressive MS than in that with exacerbation of the disease. The TMS parameters correlated both with the level of the focal demyelinization process and with the square of the spinal cord on a level selected. It allows to estimate expression of atrophic changes caused, in its turn, not only by myelin loss but also by axon loss.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Vestibular cochlear disturbances in multiple sclerosis].

To specify the character of vestibular cochlear disturbances in multiple sclerosis (MS) and mechanisms of their formation, the objective quantitative evaluation of experimental caloric nystagmus using the computer electronystagmographic method and a comparison of hearing impairment with asymmetry of vestibular reactions were conducted in 48 patients with MS. The peculiarities of vestibular disturbance found in the study suggest a predominance of central vestibular syndrome with both subtentorial and supratentorial traits. The influence of the heat stimulus of vestibular analyzer (hot water caloric test) in multiple sclerosis revealed during computer electronystagmography may have diagnostic value.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Vertigo and a role of neurovisual methods in it etiology and diagnosis].

Investigation of vestibular system using a standard method of electro-nystagmography in complex otoneurologic examination does not provide enough information on the etiology of vestibular analyzer lesion, location and diffusion of the pathological process. Neurovisual methods, in particular MRI and CT, have demonstrated high diagnostic validity in such pathological states as tumors of pons cerebellum and posterior focca; infarctions in the stem and cerebellum regions. The study revealed a role of MRI and CT in etiology of vertigo and lesions of cochleovestibular analyzer. One hundred thirty patients aged 28-74 years with recurrent attacks of systemic rotary vertigo and other its appearances have been examined. In 14 (11%) patients such an attack was accompanied by loss of consciousness, falls, double-vision and other neurological symptoms. All the patients underwent otoneurological examination, computer electronystagmography, auditory evoked potentials registration, CT and MRI. It is shown that peripheral cochleovestibular syndromes caused by arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis and autonomic vascular dystonia are rarely characterized by focal cerebral changes (11 patients by CT data and 17 by MRI).

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Asymptomatic stenoses and thromboses of the carotid arteries: hemodynamic and ultrasound aspects].

The problem of asymptomatic stenoses of the internal carotid artery (ICA) has become a matter of great concern especially after ultrasonography of the great arteries of the head and, first of all, duplex scanning were introduced on a wide-scale basis into practice of the physicians of varying specialties. The growing population of patients with asymptomatic stenoses raises the problem of their further management with the purpose of preventing ischemic stroke. In connection with significant advances in vascular surgery carotid endarterectomy (CEE) has assumed an increasing role in the treatment of carotid stenoses. In spite of the fact that the efficacy of CEE for hemodynamically significant stenoses has already been proven, nevertheless at present there is no final decision concerning the problem of the indications for surgical treatment of patients with asymptomatic stenoses. The aim of this study was to assess in detail the vascular system of the brain in patients presenting with stenosis greater than 60% and ICA thrombosis, to distinguish the groups at a high risk for stroke and to delineate the treatment measures for its prevention.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

[Progressive course of multiple sclerosis].

The mechanisms of MS progression are now studied with great attention and the treatment strategies at this stage of MS are widely discussed. The clinical peculiarities, genetic profile, immunological and biochemical changes, data of pathomorphological and MRI studies are discussed in this review. The data of own original immunological, biochemical and MRI studies, comparing relapsing-remitting and progressive MS course are presented. The role of axonal degeneration in the disease progression and data of the last trial of beta-interferons in secondary progressive MS are also discussed.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed2002

[Results of open post-registration clinical trials of copaxone in patients with multiple sclerosis].

Results of the 2-year open postregistration study of Copaxone (glatiramer acetate), conducted in 3 Moscow leading medical centres are given. 32 MS patients with remitting-relapsing MS were investigated in accordance with international requirements (neurological scales, MRI of the brain, multimodal evoked potential). Significant reduction of annual relapse rate for 70.3%, stabilization of neurological status and benign safety profile were demonstrated during Copaxone treatment. Practical recommendations for Copaxone use are given.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Neuromuscular electrostimulation in acute ischemic stroke].

Efficacy of poststroke rehabilitation depends on intensity of afferent current from the paretic limb to the lesion. The afferentation course is represented by neuromuscular electrostimulation (NMES) of the paretic hand's finger and hand extensors. The procedure's effect on the focus of acute ischemic lesion was analysed with MRT imaging including diffusion-perfusion-weighted MRT which can assess bioenergetic condition of the focus and brain perfusion. The analysis shows that NMES in acute ischemic stroke does not result in enlargement of the lesion and deterioration of brain circulation. Motor function seems to recover faster in the group given NMES.

Aged↗