Novel anchorage matrices for suspension culture of mammalian cells.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M V Sussman.
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This paper deals with elementary thermodynamic considerations applicable to mechano-chemical cycles. It shall review concepts about the efficiency of these cycles and then suggest an extension of the concept of the Availability Function to be called the Mechano-Chemical Availability Function.
A basic thermodynamic cycle for the production of mechanical power from materials that may be made to contract forcibly and reversibly is described. The cycle differs from existing mechanical power cycles which generally employ expanding fluid as working substances. A "contraction turbine" operating on this cycle has been devised, which has collagen fiber as its working substance and salt solution as fuel and produces mechanical work directly from chemical free energy. Direct conversion of chemical to mechanical energy is routinely effected in muscle but not in usual man-made engines.
Continuous gas chromatography has been achieved with a radialflow chromatographic channel free of packing and formed between two closely spaced (50 to 75 microns) disc surfaces (optically flat and solvent-coated) rotating at one-half or one revolution per second. This technique provides high capacity and immediate response (in a fraction of a second). Mixtures of hydrocarbon gases have been separated at flow rates of 6 to 30 cubic centimeters per minute with 100 to 150 cubic centimeters per minute of nitrogen carrier gas in a chromatographic channel only 39 millimeters long.
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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to examine the behavior and extent of liquid water in postrigor-frozen tissue of cod at temperatures below 0 degrees C. A liquid-water phase persists in the tissue down to about -70 degrees C; the extent of the phase decreases rapidly between 0 degrees and -10 degrees C and slowly at lower temperatures. That the NMR absorption peak of the liquid water increases in width, with decreasing temperature, suggests loss of mobility or structuring of the phase. A technique for introducing geometrically uniform cores of muscle into the probe of the high-resolution spectrometer permits quantitative determinations of liquid water.
Small disks of nonwoven polyester fabric (NWPF), similar to Fibra-Cel carriers, were surface treated with strong acid and used as a high surface area support matrix for in vitro culture of anchorage dependent MRC-5 cells. The disks can be autoclaved, and require inocula concentrations of only 2-5% of the final cell densities, which have reached 10(8) cells/mL of disk bed volume. Scanning electron microscopy photographs shown herein reveal that cells grow in a multilayered fashion between the randomly arrayed fibers of the nonwoven fabric, emulating in vivo growth.