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Biomedical subjects

M V Tiurin

Publications and source records attributed to M V Tiurin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[The features of the traumatogenesis and the ballistic characteristics of peacetime gunshot injuries].

Features of traumatogenesis and wound ballistics of civilian gunshot wounds are studied on the basis of the International Humanitarian Law and basic principles of wound ballistics. Data of 130 lethal cases and 260 wounded are presented. Types of the weapons used were taken into account. A detailed analysis of gunshot wounds inflicted by TT and PM handguns was made. The main components of traumatogenesis of civilian gunshot wounds were established.

Afghanistan↗
PubMed1992

[Wounds from modern small arms and international humanitarian law].

The article cites the concept, basic standards and principles of international humane law concerning the banning or restriction of some types of conventional weapons. The authors describe international methods for appreciation of destructive effects of wounding missiles. On the basis of literature and their own experiments the authors make a conclusion that actually it would be impossible to formulate a straight definition between "human" and "inhumane" bullets, as well as to establish a criterion which could determine the admissible or inadmissible limits for gunshot injuries.

Firearms↗
PubMed1990

[Penicillin-binding proteins of various strains of Lactobacillus].

Sensitivity of different species of Lactobacillus i.e. L. casei, L. plantarum, L. acidophillus, L. buchneri, L. jugurti and others to penicillins and cephalosporins of various generations was studied. Penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) of the Lactobacillus species were specified. It was shown that the number of PBPs depended on the Lactobacillus species. L. casei had the least number of PBPs (4) and L. brevis had the highest number of PBPs (11). Competition of 14C-benzylpenicillin with ampicillin, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime and cefoperazone for binding to separate PBPs in three strains of different Lactobacillus species was investigated.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1990

[Transfer of various markers in Lactobacilli during transformation of plasmid DNA and joint cultivation].

A system providing a high frequency genetic transfer of various markers making the reference strain Lactobacillus buchneri 1837 resistant to Lm, Em and Fus, able to ferment some carbohydrates and antagonistic against Pseudomonas diminuta CCM 2657 was developed. The frequency of the marker transfer during the lactobacilli joint cultivation was 1.5 X 10(-5) = 5.5 X 10(-5) to 1.5 X 10(-4) = 5.5 X 10(-4) which was 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than the marker transfer frequency during transformation of L. buchneri NRRLB 1837 with plasmid DNA of different lactobacilli. The recombinants and transformants resulting from the joint cultivation of lactobacilli contained a plasmid about 60 kb in length which provided cells of L. buchneri NRRLB 1837 with resistance to fusidin, antagonistic activity against Pseudomonas diminuta and capacity for utilizing sucrose and sorbite. It was shown possible to integrate the plasmid DNA about 26.5 kb in length contained in the cells of L. casei MT 205 to the chromosomes of erythromycin resistant transformants. The results of the investigation of the biological properties of the recombinants and transformants and their plasmid profiles were confirmed with the Southern DNA-DNA hybridization.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Isolation of plasmid DNA from Bifidobacterium].

Conditions for accumulation of the biomass and a procedure for isolation of plasmid DNA from bifidobacteria in microquantities were developed. It was shown that all the strains tested had 1 to 3 plasmids of different molecular weights electrophoretically detected. Relation between the detected plasmid DNA and bifidobacteria resistance to tetracycline and fusidin as well as utilization of some carbohydrates is discussed.

Bifidobacterium↗
PubMed1990

[Optimization of the method of isolation of microamounts of plasmid DNA from lactobacilli].

Modification of the alkaline lysis at elevated temperature technique is proposed isolation of plasmid DNA from lactobacilli. Modification consists of colorimetric control of culture phase during the biomass growth, pH control at the probes treatment with lysozyme and alkaline solution of natrium dodecylsulfate by adding the indicator bromcrezolpurple into the medium for biomass growth. The high concentration of lysozyme is used (10 mkg.ml-1). Lactobacilli are lysed at 2 min incubations of the probes with the lytic solution in the boiling water bath. The treatment of the probes by proteinase K, by the mixture of chloroform:phenol:isoamyl spirit (25:24:1 vol/vol/vol) and by diethylpirocarbonate increased considerably the quality of the obtained DNA preparations. The modified technique is suitable for isolation of the plasmid DNA from lactobacilli of different species, enterococci, streptococci and other lactic bacteria. The connection of antibiotic resistance marker and the plasmid profile of lactobacilli under different conditions with the presence of the plasmid DNA- protein complex is discussed.

DNA, Bacterial↗
PubMed1989

[Resistance to antibiotics of Lactobacillus isolated from the intestines of healthy persons].

Lactobacilli constitute a significant part of the microbial population in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. Sensitivity of intestinal lactobacilli to 11 chemotherapeutic drugs was tested with the method of serial dilutions in the solid medium MRS under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Criteria for dividing the organisms into sensitive and resistant ones with respect to the drugs are proposed. Prevalence of lactobacilli polyresistant strains in the intestine contents of healthy persons at the age of 25 to 50 years being in prolonged constant contact with antibiotics was shown. On the whole 77 various combinations of the antibiotic resistance markers were detected in 141 tested strains. The most frequent were isolated simultaneously resistant to 6 or 7 antibiotics. Different levels of the antibiotic resistance in the strains tested under the aerobic and anaerobic conditions were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Mechanism of antagonistic activity of lactobacilli].

Different species of lactobacilli, when grown together with salmonellae and shigellae, have been found to inhibit their growth and proliferation. The supernatants of the culture fluids of 8 species of lactobacilli have been shown to contain natural metabolites, other than lactic acid, with a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity with regard to different opportunistic aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. The relationship between the antagonistic activity and the presence of plasmid DNA in a number of the most active antagonistic lactobacilli is discussed.

Antibiosis↗
PubMed1989

[Genetic nature of the antibiotic-resistance of Lactobacillus].

One hundred and forty one strains of Lactobacillus were isolated from intestinal contents of persons being in long-term contact with antibiotics. Their sensitivity to 10 chemotherapeutic agents was studied with the method of serial dilutions in solid media under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. A single administration of antibiotics in the therapeutic doses led to selection of Lactobacillus polyresistant strains in the intestine of rats. The antibiotic resistance spectrum of the Lactobacillus cultures was unstable and changed under nonselective conditions of their storage and after their lyophilization or short-term exposure to heat. The changes in the resistance spectrum were accompanied by changes in the plasmid profile. An electrophoretogram of plasmid DNA from the intestinal isolate L plantarum MT205 is presented. Relation between the marker of lincomycin resistance and the presence of plasmid DNA weighing 130 kb was shown in the isolate.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Sensitivity of nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria of clinical origin to antibacterial preparations].

Sensitivity of 371 clinical strains of gram-negative bacteria not fermenting glucose. was studied with respect to 11 antibacterial drugs with the use of indicator discs. The strains were isolated from patients with purulent inflammatory diseases in 1980-1981. Gentamicin proved to be the most active in vitro against the majority of isolates. Among Pseudomonas 56 per cent of P. maltophilia strains were resistant to this antibiotic. More than 80 per cent of the strains belonging to Acinetobacter and Moroxella were sensitive to nitrofurantoin and nalidixic acid. Analogous sensitivity of these bacteria was observed with respect to streptomycin and kanamycin. About a half of the not fermenting bacteria were sensitive to chloramphenicol, rifampicin and tetracycline. The majority of the bacteria were resistant to one or more of the chemotherapeutic drugs. Strains with multiple resistance to at least 6 drugs predominated among. P. aeruginosa, P. maltophilia and P. cepacia. Such polyresistant strains were mainly isolated from the urine, from wound and ear discharge.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The blast injury as a result of underwater explosion].

Experiments on pigs were made for determination of safe distance to blast center for a diver using the isolating breathing apparatus IDA-71U and aqualung AVM-5. The animals were placed at the distance 12, 9, 7 and 5 m from the blast center. After the explosion, basic physiological parameters and severity of traumas were monitored. Differences in morphological characteristics of the damage done on the earth and under water were identified. Safe distance was 12 m.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Electrical response of inner membrane structures of corynebacteria during electrotransformation].

The efficiency of the electrotransformation of intact cells of corynebacteria by a solitary impulse with a complex shape amounted to 10(6) transformants/microgram of plasmid pNV1 DNA at an electric field strength of 14.2 kW/cm; the voltage-current curve of the cell samples was nonlinear. Under these conditions, the structure of the electric current impulse passing intact cells or protoplasts included oscillations characterized by increasing amplitude and a duration of 170 microseconds, which were not detected in the structure of the electric current impulses at field strengths insufficient for obtaining transformants. These changes in the impulse shape suggest the involvement of internal closed membrane structures in the electrical response of cells to the exogenous electric impulse. Most probably, under conditions of electrical treatment optimal for transformation, electropores are formed in the intracellular membranes of corynebacteria.

Cell Membrane↗