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Biomedical subjects

M Vávrová

Publications and source records attributed to M Vávrová.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Safe distance of the inferior resection line in the rectal carcinoma surgery].

The authors present results of a study of a distal intramural spread of the rectal carcinoma beneath its aboral margin, which was conducted over several years. The authors closely cooperated with the Pathological Anatomy Institute of the Faculty Hospital in Ostrava, where each preparation was examined not only macro- and microscopically, but also the tumor's microscopic spread beneath its macroscopic margin was assessed in standard distances of 2 mm, 5 mm, 1 cm, 2 cm and 5 cm. The study did not record tumorous spread at the distance of 5 cm from the aboral margin of the tumor. The authors also confirmed that the distal intramural spread of the tumor is fairly rare and, at the same time, it signifies a highly advanced and aggressive disorder with a poor prognosis. Therefore, the authors favor management with a maximum quantity of the sphincter- saving procedures, with a sufficiently radical mesorectal excision, which they consider the essential method of the radical surgical treatment. Furthermore, the authors have not recorded cases of the differenciated adenocarcinoma spread, even at the distance of 2 mm from the aboral margin of the tumor. All positive findings of the distal intramural spread have been recorded in medium- low differenciated adenocarcinomas.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed2006

[The rectal carcinoma treatment history].

The authors demonstrate a history of the rectal carcinoma surgical therapy, based on the available literature data or on oral information. Furthermore, they add their own experience with treatment of the rectal carcinoma, the disorder, which in the Czech Republic and, namely, in the Northern Moravian region, has one of the highest worldwide incidence rates.

Colorectal Surgery↗
PubMed2006

[A contribution of the anorectal angle measurement according to Schiessel to assessment of the safe distance of the inferior resection line in the rectal carcinomas surgical procedures].

Surgical procedures of the anus for rectal malignancies are amongst the most difficult procedures within abdominal surgery. Especially when the tumor is located in the middle and distal third of the rectum and the surgeons aim to conduct a sphincter-saving procedure, the pre-operative diagnostics is a pre-requisite for a successful treatment. The authors aim to inform the medical community on a non-traditional and rarely used examination method of the anorectal angle prior to surgical procedures of the rectal carcinomas.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[The first case of management of the rectovaginal fistule using transanal endocsopic microsurgery].

The authors present an unusual and, according to the available literature data, so far unused method--management of the rectovaginal fistule, using a T.E.M. technique (transanal endoscopic microsurgery). In their case-review of a female patient, they present advantages of this technique in a case of a rare disorder - a benign rectovaginal fistule. All of the following employment of a harmonic scalpel in the T.E.M. method, as well as of a tissue adhesive Tissucol and of a surgical rectoscope in the vaginal phase of the procedure, deserve attention of surgeons and gynaecologists.

Female↗
PubMed2006

[Rare cases of acute urineous peritonitis as a consequence of a spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder].

Perforation of the urinary bladder is, in most cases, caused by a blunt or penetrative trauma, respectively by an iatrogenic trauma. A spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder is very rare. In the literature, its relation with alcohol abuse is speculated. Due to their minimal frequency rates, the diagnosis is very difficult and, not uncommonly, the diagosis is verified only upon surgical revision. The authors present two cases of urgent diffuse peritonitis originating from spontaneous perforations of the urinary bladder.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

[Virtual colonoscopy as a part of the algorithm of the facultative examinations prior to the colorectal carcinoma procedure].

The authors present their own initial experience with virtual colonoscopy. Both benign and malignant stenosing processes of the colon and rectum, which make examining oral parts of the colon using colonoscopy or irrigography impossible, are the main indication for the procedure described. The authors' first experience with this method is totally positive. The more experienced the examiners, the better interpretation of the findings not only by radiologists but also by operating surgeons. In certain indications, the examination has its firm place in the algorithm of the facultative examinations prior to the colorectal carcinoma surgical procedures.

Colonography, Computed Tomographic↗
PubMed1993

Repolarization pattern of body surface potential maps (BSPM) in coronary artery disease.

The aim of our study was to assess if repolarization BSPM were able to evaluate the site, size and severity of chronic ischaemic damages and if BSPM were in any way related to the regional attenuation of myocardial contractility or to the site of coronary artery occlusion. The BSPM were obtained from 69 patients suffering from coronary artery disease confirmed by coronarography, with at least 75% occlusion of at least one coronary artery. According to the site of single occlusion, or a combination of the sites of multiple occlusions, the patients were divided into 6 subgroups. According to the region of attenuated kinetics the same group of 69 patients was also divided into other 6 subgroups. As in the polarity distribution there was only a limited accordance in BSPM with coronarographic and echocardiographic findings, in the localization of extreme values there were very important specific changes in patients with normal kinetics as determined by both contrast ventriculography and two-dimensional echocardiography. The repolarization maps can distinguish patients with coronary artery disease and normal echocardiography from healthy persons with a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 65% in the case of the isoareal map from the ST segment (RIAM) and 90% and 85%, respectively, in the case of the isointegral map from the whole ST-T segments (RIIM).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Uptake of osteotropic agents in the spine in laboratory rats after the administration of biphenyl derivatives].

The effect of the derivative trichlorobiphenyl and of ergocalciferol on calcium uptake into the spinal column was studied in young laboratory rats. The substances were administered in the period of suckling. Before sacrificing the animals the bone seeker 85 Sr was administered. The uptake of the seeker decrease after administration of the derivative trichlorobifenyl. Ingestion of the biphenyl derivative and of ergocalciferol resulted in a mild increase in bone seeker uptake. The increase was comparable to the uptake level in control animals. The effect of the derivative trichlorobiphenyl is accounted for by blockade of cytoplasmic receptors of chondrocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Suppression of an exocellular proteinase synthesis in Bacillus megaterium by increased temperature.

During cultivation of Bacillus megaterium at 42 degrees C the amount of the exocellular protease produced by growing cells sharply decreases as compared with temperatures of 28 and 35 degrees C. Within the above range the growth rate and incorporation of amino acids increase with increasing temperature. The culture adapted to 42 degrees C does not produce more proteinase at this temperature than the non-adapted culture. The high temperature does not induce accumulation of the enzyme in the cells. Total protein excretion was slightly lower at 42 degrees C than at 28 and 35 degrees C.

Bacillus megaterium↗
PubMed1982

[The effect of adding Rumensin to the diet of bulls on the quality of their meat].

In a pilot experiment, bullocks were given diet with a sodium monensinate supplement as the Rumensin preparation. The dose of the supplement was 125 mg per head/day and the medicated feed was given to the bullocks for 14 months. The daily weight gain of the tested bullocks increased by 3.85% and feed consumption decreased by 7.12%. The meat of the ten bullocks examined (m. longissimus dorsi) showed no statistically significant changes in the basic chemical composition as compared with the meat of ten control bullocks. In the tested group the content of hydroxyproline in meat decreased by 35.14% (from 0.12 to 0.08 g per 100 g of fresh tissue - p less than 0.05). The content of glycine decreased by 8.82% (from 3.63 to 3.31 g per 100 g of dry matter - P less than 0.01). The content of alanine decreased by 5.86% (from 5.12 to 4.82 g per 100 g of dry matter - P less than 0.05). As to essential amino acids, the content of valine in the meat of the tested bullocks increased by 4.76% (from 3.99 to 4.18 g per 100 g of dry matter - P less than 0.05). Sodium monensinate exerted a favourable influence on weight gains and nutrient conversion in the bullocks. It had no effect on the basic chemical composition and no marked influence on the content of amino acids, except hydroxyproline and, particularly, essential amino acids in the meat of the tested bullocks. A reduction in the content of hydroxyproline signalizes higher-value proteins.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1977

[Intravital effect of DDT and gamma-HCH residues on selected parameters of the nutritive value of porcine lard].

On the basis of FAO/WHO tolerance recommendations, slaughtered pigs were divided into groups with gamma-HCH residues ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 mg per kg and with DDT residues ranging between 0.5 and 5.0 mg per kg in fat. Groups with negative residue findings were formed for control. Some parameters of the biological value of lard were determined in pig back fat. The presence of DDT and gamma-HCH residues did not change the melting and congelation points of lard. The acid number was higher by 31%, the saponification number dropped by 2.6%, the iodine number by 7.6%, the level of palmito-oleic acid by 16%, linoleic acid by 15% and linolenic acid by 40% due to the presence of DDT residues in lard. In the lard containing gamma-HCH residues the acid number increased by 42%, the saponification number decreased by 3.6%, the number of 8.1%, the level of palmito-oleic acid by 14%, linoleic acid by 18% and linolenic acid by 30%. It has been inferred from the results that the presence of DDT and gamma-HCH residues in the organism of a pig reduces the biological value of lard owing to the probable alteration of fat metabolism.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1976

[Chlorinated hydrocarbons in foodstuffs of animal origin and their effect on poultry meat and fat qualities].

Test hens were administered oil solutions of chlorinated hydrocarbons of 1 ml every other day (DDT, lindane, and methoxychlor in a 2%, 1%, and 5% solution, respectively) during 15 weeks. Some indices of a biological meat quality were studied in the meat and liver of poultry killed after 5 and 15 weeks. All chlorinated hydrocarbons used did not change the melting point, setting point and saponification number of fat, the content of ash, proteins and fat in meat. All chlorinated hydrocarbons decreased, after 15 weeks' administration, the content of vitamin A in liver (by up to 25%), iodine number and levels of linoleic, linolenic and palmitic acids. The fat acid number dropped after the application of DDT and lindane, but it was raised after the application of methoxychlor. Methoxychlor increased, in a single case, the dry matter content after 15 weeks' application. It can be derived from the results that, after the application of chlorinated hydrocarbons, a biological value of poultry meat is decreased because the metabolism of fat and vitamin A in liver is likely to be affected.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Influence of various temperatures on the essential fatty acid content of butter].

Acid value and fatty acid content were determined in fresh, heat-treated and stored butter. In heat-treated butter, besides the altered acid value also the percentual fatty acid content was changed so that the highest decrease was found with linoleic, linolenic and higher unsaturated fatty acids, whereas the percentual content of palmitic acid increased. The increased acid value and decreased levels of higher unsaturated fatty acids were demonstrated to depend on the height of the temperature used. The results indicate that the probable cause may be the appearance of polymers of unsaturated fatty acids, with higher retention times than the monomolecular fatty acids. In stored butter a decreased unsaturated fatty acid content was found as well, especially in the group stored at +4 degrees C in a refrigerator. A microbiological examination of fresh and stored butter mostly complied with the requirements of Czechoslovak standards (CSN). The results indicated significant losses of the nutritionally important essential fatty acids causing decreased biological butter values at heating, as well as the possibility of employing the method of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid determination for testing the losses at butter melting, even due to other reasons, as e. g. infections.

Butter↗