PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Valenzuela

Publications and source records attributed to M Valenzuela.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Changes in the nutritional status of the lactating women during exclusive lactation].

In order to evaluate the influence of breast feeding upon selected nutritional parameters of lactating women, several anthropometric and biochemical measurements were performed during the interval between 40 and 180 postpartum days in 54 women in full and satisfactory nursing. Only one significant change was detected in measurements done for nutritional assessment: loss of body weight. No changes were detected in hemoglobin levels or in serum protein and albumin. There was high variability in body weight changes with a mean loss of 1.5 kg due especially to a loss in fat body mass and, in a lesser proportion, to loss in lean body mass. The mean food intake did not change during the observation period. The mean caloric intake was 2,771 cal/day at the beginning and 2,737 cal/day in the end of the study. A significant correlation was established between the individual energetic intake and the body weight changes of lactating women. The allowance of 2,750 cal/day suggested by FAO/WHO for lactating women seems adequate for the health of women in a normal nutritional condition, but apparently insufficient to overcome undernutrition in women who initiate lactation with this condition. In spite of the small nutritional impact observed, our results support the need for food supplementation programs destined to lactating women, with special orientation to undernourished women of low socioeconomic level.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of calcium channel blocker diltiazem on some depressant actions of ethanol in UChA and UChB rats.

Rats genetically selected for their different ethanol voluntary consumption, UChA (low consumer) and UChB (high consumer) were used. Naive UChA and UChB rats or submitted to ethanol chronic exposure, received an i.p. dose of ethanol (2.76 g/kg) alone or 30 min after an oral dose of diltiazem (10 mg/kg), a calcium channel blocker. A significant potentiation of the narcosis and hypothermia induced by the dose of ethanol was observed in UChA diltiazem-pretreated rats not previously exposed to ethanol, while no potentiation in narcosis time appears in UChA rats chronically exposed to ethanol that acquire tolerance. In the UChB line of rats, diltiazem did not potentiate ethanol depressant actions in naive or chronic ethanol-exposed rats. Diltiazem did not modify ethanol blood levels. These results indicate that the inhibition of voltage-dependent calcium channels can exaggerate ethanol-induced effects in naive rats but not when tolerance was developed. Results suggest that UChB rats may have some innate tolerance that may be due to genetic difference in calcium channel function.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMedDate not supplied

T cell assessment in allergic drug reactions during the acute phase according to the time of occurrence.

Allergic drug reactions can be classified as immediate, accelerated or delayed. This classification usually correlates with the mechanism involved: immediate reactions are IgE mediated and delayed reactions are T cell dependent. We analyzed lymphocyte involvement in patients with these reactions by determining cell subpopulations, activation state and skin homing receptor expression (CLA) in blood and skin. Patients with immediate, accelerated and delayed reactions were evaluated during the acute phase and after resolution. Controls taking drugs were included. Phenotypic immunofluorescence analysis was done by flow cytometry in peripheral blood, and by immunohistochemistry in skin for delayed reactions. Forty-six patients were included, 17 with immediate reactions, 10 accelerated and 19 delayed. At the acute phase CLA was significantly increased in delayed reactions and HLA-DR in all three types of reaction. In the severest delayed reactions, Steven-Johnson/Lyell syndromes, the CD4 subsets were increased in peripheral blood and skin compared to maculopapular exanthemas and urticaria and HLA-DR when compared with urticaria. In maculopapular exanthemas CLA was significantly increased in peripheral blood and skin compared to urticaria and the severe reactions. We found that T-cells are implicated, besides delayed reactions, in immediate and accelerated reactions. In delayed reactions there is a parallelism between results found in skin and peripheral blood with a higher participation of CD4+ cells the more severe the reaction.

Acute-Phase Reaction↗