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Biomedical subjects

M Valerio

Publications and source records attributed to M Valerio.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Simian adenoviral pneumonia.

In the past 6 years we have encountered 26 cases of fatal adenoviral pneumonia in six species of simian primates. O these, 22 animals were between 11 and 38 days old at the time of death, and pneumonia was the primary clinical disease. The spectrum of clinical disease varied from peracute fatal disease to inapparent disease with seroconversion. In one outbreak involving 4 infants housed together in an isolation unit, simian virus 11 was isolated from 3 of the infants and seroconversion occurred in all 4. At necropsy the lungs were voluminous, with firm gray areas of consolidation. On histopathologic examination, severe patchy necrotizing alveolitis and bronchiolitis were present. Variable edema and hyaline membrane formation, alveolar epithelial hyperplasia, and secondary bacterial pneumonia were also seen. Large basophilic intranuclear inclusions were present in bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells in all 26 cases. In 4 of 8 cases examined ultrastructurally typical intranuclear paracrystalline arrays of adenoviral virions were demonstrated. Intranuclear inclusion bodies were also observed occasionally in bile duct and pancreatic duct epithelium. Simian adenoviral pneumonia can be a spontaneous disease problem in laboratory-reared primates and offers excellent potential as an animal model of human adenoviral pneumonia.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1978

Experimental infection of Callithrix Jacchus marmosets with Herpesvirus ateles, Herpesvirus saimiri, and Epstein Barr virus.

We inoculated common marmosets (Callithrix Jacchus) with Herpesvirus ateles (HVA), Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). HVA-induced tumors contained several cell types, including giant cells reminiscent of the Sternberg-Reed cells observed in human Hodgkin's disease. HVS and EBV did not induce tumors, although HVS was present in lymphocytes and elicited a strong antibody response. EBV elicited only a variable antibody response. We feel that more common marmosets should be used to determine if the pathologic and immunologic lesions caused by HVA would be a suitable animal model for Hodgkin's disease and/or other malignant lymphomas of man. Inconsistency in the induction of tumors by EBV and HVS in common marmosets suggets that this species may be a different type of model for human cancer research than the cottontop marmoset, which is the most susceptible animal host for EBV and HVS oncogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Auditory temporal summation in presbycusis and noise exposure.

Threshold-duration functions were obtained at 250, 1000, and 4999 Hz by Brief-Tone Békésy Audiometry. Results for an older group (51-57 yrs.) with no otological abnormalities showed the presence of depressed threshold-duration functions with a decreased constant of temporal summation when compared to a young normative group. The effect is frequency dependent and is most pronounced at 4000 Hz. The older group, divided into noise exposed and non-noise exposed subsamples, showed identical threshold-duration functions and resembled those for a young noise exposed group. Auditory temporal summation appears to be affected by the neuorphysiological disturbances of presbycusis and at least from 51 to 57 years is independent of noise exposure.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experimentation with a socioeconomic deprivation index in Basilicata].

Deprivation measures have become important tools, in microarea and small area studies, both for examining variations in health and health care, and for planning services and allocating resources. To value the level of municipal deprivation in Basilicata (Southern Italy), 1991 Census data were used. As a first analytic step, variables selected as deprivation measures were calculated. "Elderly" variable was included at the first step since it was considered as an indicator of social burden and need. As a second analytic step, factorial analysis was performed in order to help in selecting the most valuable ones. The final choice led to five variables (elderly, low education, unemployment, no indoor bathroom, lone parent with children) which were combined in an Index of Deprived Area (IAS). The IAS showed a variation between -5.4 and 7.4. To validate the IAS, the municipal level of income was used: the index increased with decreasing income (r = -0.5). Municipalities were then ranked according to their IAS (decreasing) and divided into five deprivation categories, with about equal population number in each group. After excluding the "elderly" indicator, the ranking order showed irrelevant changes (modified IAS). Overall, the IAS seemed to well describe the difference among Municipalities, particularly between the first quintile (54 small towns with high prevalence of old people) and the last group (the urban area of the region). The developed tool and the obtained results may be used by administrators and health/social workers and professionals in charge of the Regional Epidemiological Observatory to improve the selection of health and social indicators for Local Health Authorities and Municipalities.

Humans↗