Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Vallat.
Prophylaxis of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment consists of measures both non surgical and/or surgical that are effective in preventing some risk-factors that are part of the disease. The procedure must avoid any types of danger. This paper describes a new reliable surgical procedure of circular buckling used for prophylaxis on predisposed fellow-eye of giant retinal tear.
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The creation of a single apparatus incorporating the different lasers applicable to intraocular pathology derives from the idea of possessing the means, with one device, of objectively comparing the effects and parameters of various lasers in order to pursue a more precise line of treatment. This has led to our fabrication of the universal intraocular laser. The word universal means the ability of the machine to act on each kind of intraocular tissues with all of the various infrared or other-colored radiations, as well as with different modalities. The unit is transportable. It only requires a source of electric power (110 or 220 V) and includes an independent cooling system. The Nd: YAG laser has selectable operating parameters: pulsed or continuous excitation, Q-switched or mode-locked mode, mirror or fiber optic transmission. It is used also as the basic system of the coloured module. The colour module can provide the three clinically useful radiations: green, red, yellow. The green (532 nm) is obtained by transmission of the I.R. beam brought a birefringent crystal (KTP). Red (650 nm) and yellow (575 nm) come from two incorporated dye lasers excited by the green radiation.
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The great principles of ophthalmoscopy have been known for many decades. This paper intends show the new possibilities allowed by modern technology, especially in two fields. First of all, it is possible, even in keeping basic principles, to improve previous machines with, for example, better magnification, new ophthalmoscopic lens, or to create new materials as telescopes for clinical practice or intra-ocular surgery, wide angle or high magnification fundus cameras for posterior pole examination. Secondary, by revolutionary principles, it is possible to introduce laser in the ophthalmoscopic field and to imagine new ophthalmoscopes: SLO i.e. Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope or SLM i.e. Scanning Laser Microscope, which opens a window on the future.
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When lasers are used to cause burns on the retina they necessitate systems of great precision especially in the posterior pole. Different possibilities are now offered. The best one is based on the intensification of the same laser beam used for the observation in the Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope: S.L.O. when it is at a point selected from the angiogram, converting this machine into a Scanning Laser Coagulator: S.L.C.
Six cases of retinal detachment from the macular hole were treated by a procedure including closed vitrectomy, air-fluid exchange, and prone positioning of the patient. All of these detachments were of the idiopathic type. Five patients had myopia ranging from -13 to -20 diopters; one was emmetropic. The initial success rate can be considered 100%: in all six cases the retina remained attached during follow-up periods ranging from 4-10 months at least. One later recurrence was not caused by the macular hole. This new technique, which allows permanent releasing of vitreous traction and temporary closure of the hole, shows that idiopathic retinal detachment is caused by vitreous traction.
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