Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Van Zandycke.
We report a case of left superior oblique palsy combined with a right internuclear ophthalmoplegia. A right mesencephalic lesion involving the trochlear nerve nucleus (or its fibers prior to decussation) and the medial longitudinal fascicle was hypothesized. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a lesion at the suspected level.
Two patients developed acute sensorimotor polyneuropathy after intoxication with lithium carbonate. Nerve conduction studies, electromyography, and sural nerve biopsy proved it to be an axonal neuropathy. Recovery of muscle strength, reflexes, and sensory function started weeks after discontinuation of lithium therapy. One patient fully recovered within a year. In the literature we found nine other cases of lithium polyneuropathy.
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Two female patients, aged respectively 52 and 70 years, with no past history of epilepsy, presented an acute prolonged confusional state. The electroencephalograms showed generalized slow spike and wave discharges with frontal emphasis. No structural neurological lesion nor progressive neurological disorder was found. Both patients responded to intravenous administration of clonazepam and were placed on regular anti-epileptic treatment. On follow-up both remained well. These cases do not fit in the classical category of petit mal status but appear to belong to a distinct entity.
An electroencephalogram taken on two patients suffering from a thyrotoxic crisis, showed the presence of typical triphasic waves. This pattern was first described in 1950 by Foley et al., who believed that it occurred specifically in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Since then, however, it has been shown that triphasic waves can be identified in other (e.g. renal) metabolic brain diseases and, less commonly, in a variety of either organic or functional cerebral disorders.