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M Vicariot

Publications and source records attributed to M Vicariot.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Efficacy in viral inactivation of the concentrates of factor VIII and IX by the solvent/detergent procedure. Evaluation in patients with hemophilia].

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and hepatitis virus B or C (HBV, HCV) transmission are major risks following infusion of coagulation factor concentrates. Thus, several methods have been used to achieve viral inactivation of concentrates prepared from plasma collected from a large number of donors. In this study, 32 patients with haemophilia A or B (n = 31) or von Willebrand's disease (n = 1) were treated between 1987 and 1990 only with factor VIII or IX concentrates inactivated by the solvent-detergent procedure. During this period, none of these cases exhibited elevated liver enzymes (alanine amino transferase), and serological tests for HIV, HBV and HCV infections always remained negative. This suggests that the solvent-detergent procedure of concentrate inactivation is an efficient method to prevent not only HIV or HBV transmission but also HCV infection in haemophiliacs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Autotransfusion and hemodilution in orthopedic surgery in children].

The risk of transmitting viral diseases is a constant worry for those who perform blood transfusions. In the last three years several techniques were used to avoid homologous blood transfusions. Four series of patients were evaluated: 1st series: Only homologous blood transfusions (27 cases); 2nd series: Acute normovolaemic haemodilution during surgery (20 cases); 3rd series: Autologous blood storage prior to surgery and haemodilution during surgery (20 cases); 4th series: Blood storage prior to surgery + haemodilution + Trinitine perfusion during surgery (44 cases). 111 patients having undergone vertebral arthrodesis and 13 children having undergone orthopaedic or repair surgical procedures are reported. In the first series, 98 per cent of blood loss was replaced by homologous transfusions, in the second series, 46 per cent, in the third series, 19 per cent, in the fourth series, less than 5 per cent. This study provides confirmation that in cases of major pediatric orthopaedic surgery, it is possible to use the various techniques demonstrated to avoid homologous transfusions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Drug-induced thrombopenias and neutropenias. An in vitro study by the indirect immunofluorescence test].

The sera from 38 patients with suspected drug-induced thrombocytopenia (22) or neutropenia (16) were tested with the indirect immunofluorescence test on platelets or granulocytes for the presence of drug-dependent antibodies. Three drug-induced antibodies with reactivity against platelets and 5 with reactivity against granulocytes were detected. In 3 sera antibodies were found which reacted already with target cells without adding the drug to the test system. These data show that drug-induced blood dyscrasias often have an immunological cause and that in vitro tests can be helpful in detecting the responsible drug. Different mechanisms can be involved. In many sera circulating antibodies were not found, but an immunological mechanism is likely to be involved in some of these cytopenias: the antibody could be entirely absorbed by the target cells, a metabolite of the drug could be the immunogen and finally the test may not be sensitive enough.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1987

[Effect of in vitro carbamylation of erythrocytes on their rheological properties].

In order to assess the role of carbamylation of erythrocyte proteins in the modification of rheological parameters of red blood cells observed in uremic patients, and in vitro carbamylation of erythrocytes and hemoglobin was carried out using sodium cyanate. The carbamylation of hemoglobin was determined by observation of the increase of HbA1 fraction. The deformability of erythrocytes and the viscosity of erythrocyte suspensions and of hemolysate were measured. The results showed an increase in the deformability of red blood cells and a decrease in the viscosity of hemoglobin as the carbamylation increased. This is attributed to a decrease of hemoglobin viscosity and to a modification of the electric charge of the membrane. These results show that the reduced erythrocyte deformability observed in patients with renal failure is not due to erythrocyte protein carbamylation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Electro-clinical monitoring of peripheral neuropathies in Waldenström disease treated with plasmapheresis].

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of plasma exchange (PE) associated with Chlorambucil in the treatment of peripheral neuropathies in four patients suffering from Waldenström's disease (three cases with IgM kappa paraproteinemia and one case with IgM lambda). Before PE therapy, there was a severe slowing down of the motor and sensory conduction velocities (MCV and SCV) in three cases (IgM kappa) and a less severe slowing in one case (IgM lambda). In three cases, PE rapidly (as early as the third or the fourth administration) brought about a moderate improvement in the MCV and SCV, especially in the upper limbs, whereas in one case, no effect was noted. Clinically, the paraesthesias and dysaesthesias diminished, but the deep tendon reflexes remained absent or markedly depressed. Three months after the PE, nerve conduction velocities were again very reduced. The current literature on the physiopathological mechanisms of the peripheral neuropathies in the Waldenström's disease and the effects of the treatment by immunosuppressive agents and PE are reviewed.

Electromyography↗
PubMed1984

[Anti-leuko-platelet allo-immunization in blood replacements. Do transfusions of platelets from single donors present an advantage over platelets from multiple donors?].

42 patients with acute leukaemia, treated with cytotoxic drugs, have been evaluated retrospectively: --group I: 11 patients received packed red blood cells and platelets from single donors; --group II: 6 patients received packed red blood cells and platelets from multiple donors; --group III: 25 patients received packed red blood cells and platelets from single or multiple donors and granulocytes transfusions. There was no difference in age, sex, time of follow up, number of transfusions, in the three groups. The rate of alloimmunization defined as lymphocytotoxicity against more than 20% of a panel of 24 lymphocytes, was 33% (36% group I--33% group II--32% group III). This study shows that platelets from single donors are of no use in preventing or delaying alloimmunization. On the other hand, their major interest is to provide alloimmunized patients with compatible platelets.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Monoclonal gammopathies in the adult population of Finistère, France.

Three hundred and thirty-four monoclonal gammopathies were detected in the sera of 30 279 adults from Finistère. Monoclonal gammopathies (MG) are more common in Finistère than in Paris and their distribution is not homogeneous. IgG paraproteins are particularly common in the northeast of Finistère whereas IgM paraproteins are more common in the southwest. Family studies and the high degree of inbreeding would support the hypothesis that there is a genetic predisposition to develop MG but the occurrence of paraproteins among three non-consanguineous couples seems to favour the existence of an environmental factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Transfusional malaria in France (1960-1979) (author's transl)].

Transfusional Malaria is not a rare condition in France: in the past 20 years, 110 cases were cited in the literature and/or reported to us in answers to a recent questionnaire. Of these, 24 cases occurred between 1960 and 1969 and 78 between 1970 and 1979. This apparent increase in occurrence in the past decade is most probably due to the increase in the number of transfusions of whole blood or fresh fractions containing infected erythrocytes, although population exchanges with inter-tropical Africa may also play a preponderant role. Our study confirms that Plasmodium falciparum is the most prevalent pathogen responsible for this condition in France; it caused 84% of cases in the past five years. We think this point must be taken in account by the legislator.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The antiperinuclear factor. II. Variability of the perinuclear antigen.

Since the antiperinuclear factor (APF) test on human buccal cells is rather unpredictable, we have investigated the possible factors determining the expression of appropriate antigens by the cells. We failed to find any relationship of the expression of perinuclear antigens to the donor's smoking habits, the degree of contamination with saprophytic bacteria, the presence or absence of blood group substances in saliva, or the titers of serum antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus. Family studies were also performed to further elucidate a genetic predisposition to the expression of the APF antigen.

ABO Blood-Group System↗