The authors report on a study carried out at the Centre Hospitalier universitaire (University Hospital) of Yaounde (Cameroon). Such a study aimed at to check interest of systematic malaria chemoprophylaxis during the peri-operative phase in general surgery. 61 patients were divided in two groups by random allocation with and without quinine chemoprophylaxis. All of them were monitored clinically and parasitologically during the peri-operative phase. Results show that in both groups, only patients already positive before surgical intervention presented clinical malaria signs, biologically confirmed; malaria attack was more frequent and more severe in the group without quinine. No malaria attack was observed in patients of both groups in which thick smear was negative in pre-operative phase. The authors suggest that any patient during the pre-operative phase, be tested to find out Plasmodium falciparum. If the test is positive, so chemoprophylaxis with quinine be prescribed. But such a medication is valuable only in urban endemic zone.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Filarial meningoencephalitis: discussion of a case].

Loiasis treatment by diethylcarbamazine (DEC) may be complicated by a meningoencephalitis that is often fatal. Following one case, four others have been reviewed in the literature and the therapeutic approach in resuscitation departments discussed. Until the discovery of other less-dangerous microfilaricidal or macrofilaricidal drugs, we raise the question of the opportunity to treat loiasis by DEC, while many authors consider it as a simple nuisance.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Typhoid fever in a resuscitation department. Apropos of 42 cases].

A review is given on 42 cases of typhoid fever that were admitted in the "Hôpital Girard et Robic" anesthesia and resuscitation department in Tananarive, Madagascar, from 1979 to 1982. The authors have noticed: 18 digestive hemorrhages. 5 ileo-caecal perforations. 9 encephalitides. 16 myocarditides. 5 enterobacterial superinfections. The encephalitic complications and the enterobacterial superinfections are the cause of the very poor prognosis (5 fatalities). The authors recall the basic treatment of each of these complications. The rules of the antibiotic treatment are reviewed. In Tananarive, no resistance has been found to the following three antibiotics: ampicillin, chloramphenicol and sulfamethoxazole-trimetoprim. Finally, the authors lay emphasis on the necessity of a careful rehydratation and a high-level caloric and proteic artificial alimentation.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Valium-aspegic association. Its value in a remote medical unit (author's transl)].

An efficient narco-analgesia is given by the association of two drugs: -- diazepam (Valium): a benzodiazepine with an anxiolytic and myoresolutive effect, inducing sleep and giving amnesia; -- lysine acetylsalicylate (Aspegic) giving an analgesia inferior to that of morphinomimetic drugs but not inducing respiratory depression. These two drugs are given in an intravenous catheter. Their effects last about 20 minutes - vomiting is rare. The authors report their experience of 50 cases and think that this technique is recommended in remote medical units for moderately painful and short duration operations.

Adolescent↗