PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Vlaho

Publications and source records attributed to M Vlaho.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

[New effective therapy of systemic infection with Nocardia asteroides].

A combination of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (a beta-lactamase inhibitor) and the aminoglycoside amikacin proved effective in the treatment of advanced pulmonary nocardiosis in a 49-year-old man. The result accorded with preceding in-vitro and animal experiments and justifies this combination of drugs in the treatment of nocardiosis, especially if the causative organism is N. farcinica (N. asteroides, biovariety B).

Amikacin↗
PubMed1984

[Risks in pregnancy after kidney transplantation].

Two women had four supervised pregnancies after renal transplantation. A striking feature was that the children had fetal growth retardation which led to premature termination of pregnancy by section. Likely causes of the growth retardation are, in the first instance, long-term treatment with corticosteroids and increased incidence of toxaemia. There is no evidence for a significant rise in the risk of teratogenicity for the embryo by the immunosuppressive treatment. However, an increased mutagenicity risk must remain a possibility in view of the one case of Turner's syndrome. Close interdisciplinary control of mother and child makes it possible to reduce risks to a reasonable level in case of pregnancy after renal transplantation.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1983

Does atherosclerosis caused by dialysis limit this treatment?

A retrospective study of 332 dialysis patients (observation period up to 17 years) demonstrated that cardiovascular and cerebrovascular death rates due to atherosclerosis did not increase with length of time on dialysis. Data analysis showed that cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality during dialysis is primarily caused by high blood pressure existing prior to commencement of dialysis and an unfavourable very low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein (VLDL/HDL) cholesterol quotient at the beginning of dialysis treatment. The treatment of the patient before acceptance onto dialysis seems therefore to be the determining factor in the prognosis on dialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Trace element changes in the serum of dialysis patients].

In 60 patients of our dialysis program lowered zinc levels as well as increased chromium levels were observed in serum. These alterations were compared to the parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, a negative correlation of chromium and HDL-cholesterol levels could be observed. Our results could not be confirmed in patients with renal insufficiency under conservative treatment. These findings make it apparent that a substitution of the dialysis fluid with trace elements has to be discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effects of furosemide and orthostasis on active and inactive renin in normal and anephric man.

We investigated active and inactive (acid-activatable) plasma renin in anephric and in normal persons. In anephric patients (n = 15) plasma concentration of active and inactive renin was 1.15 +/-- 0.2 and 40.7 +/- 7.1 microunits ml, respectively; angiotensin II (n = 13) was 14.5 +/- 1.9 pg/ml. Furosemide (n = 10), 40 mg i.v., and upright posture (n = 8) did not change active or inactive renin in the anephric state. In normal men, furosemide (n = 9) within 15 min increased active renin from 29.9 +/- 5.8 to 82.4 +/- 14.8 microunits/ml (P less than 0.001), while inactive renin slightly but not significantly decreased from 136.3 +/- 29.9 to 121.1 +/- 19.2 microunits/ml; orthostasis (n = 15) within 4 h stimulated active renin (P less than 0.001) and slightly raised inactive renin (P less than 0.05). Both furosemide and orthostasis increased (P less than 0.001 each) the proportion of active renin in normal persons. Studies in one patient within 24 h after bilateral nephrectomy indicated half-life to be 30-60 min for active and 2-4 h for inactive renin. Thus, we detected low levels of active renin and considerable amounts of inactive renin and angiotensin II in anephric patients. Our data suggest that about 30% of inactive renin in normal plasma is of extrarenal origin. The stimulation of active renin by furosemide and orthostasis is bound to the presence of the kidney. Our studies provide indirect evidence that both manoeuvres may stimulate the conversion of inactive to active renin within the human kidney.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Urea cycle and protein content in leucocytes from normal persons and uraemics.

It was found experimentally that the activity of the urea-cycle enzymes in the leucocytes of uraemic rats was parallel to that in their liver. Conclusions as to the activity of the urea-cycle enzymes in the liver can thus be drawn from the urea-cycle enzyme activity in the leucocytes. Investigation of the urea-cycle enzyme in the leucocytes of patients with renal insufficiency, in the pre-dialytic and dialytic states, showed that in both groups the ornithine carbamoyl transferase and the argininosuccinate lyase activity was lower in both groups of patients than in normal persons. The dialysis patients show higher argininosuccinate synthetase activity. In both groups of patients the protein content of the leucocytes is markedly lowered.

Animals↗