Biomedical subjects

M Vujosević

Publications and source records attributed to M Vujosević.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

B chromosomes and developmental homeostasis in the yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis (Rodentia, Mammalia): effects on nonmetric traits.

B chromosomes are found in almost all populations of the yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis (Rodentia, Mammalia). Their effects on developmental homeostasis in this species were analyzed using morphological nonmetric traits (number of foramina) in a sample of 218 animals from locality Mt Jastrebac in the former Yugoslavia. Variations of the parameters of developmental homeostasis (the degree of fluctuating asymmetry--FA, the number of asymmetrical characters per individual--NA, and the total phenotypic variability--PV) were examined in three groups: in animals without Bs, with one B chromosome, and with more than one B chromosome. Significant differences in the level of FA between groups of animals were found for two characters. Carriers of one B chromosome displayed the highest level of phenotypic variability. Parameters of developmental stability (DS) were monitored in the population in which significant variations in the frequency of animals with Bs (fB) were established during the season earlier. The FA levels for four foramina out of a total of 12 examined followed the changes of frequencies of animals with Bs. Furthermore, a significant seasonal correlation between NA and fB was found. The presence of B does not cause a disturbance of homeostasis in a way that allows changes in homeostasis to be directly related to B chromosome's presence. However, carriers of B react differently to environmental changes than do noncarriers.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

B chromosomes in populations of mammals.

B chromosomes (Bs) have been found in 55 out of 4629 living species of mammals. The summarized data show great variability in types of mammalian Bs, including differences in size, shape and molecular composition. This variability extends to the origin, mode of transmission and population dynamics. In general, B chromosomes in mammals do not differ from Bs found in other animal or plant species, but some peculiarities do exist. Most species in which Bs are found are widespread. Some data support the view that Bs may contribute to the successful expansion of some of these species, but it is possible that Bs are just more easily scored in them due to their frequent occurrence. Most of these species are also characterized by cycling fluctuations of abundance and characteristic social organization that produce conditions favorable for Bs to spread. All areas of research on Bs in mammals suffer from lack of data, emphasizing the necessity for intensified research on the molecular structure and ways of maintenance of Bs in populations.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Antimutagenic effects of extracts from sage (Salvia officinalis) in mammalian system in vivo.

Naturally occurring antimutagenic factors, especially those of plant origin, have recently become a subject of intensive research. Antimutagenic properties of terpenoid fractions of sage (Salvia officinalis) were tested in mammalian system in vivo through examining the ability of sage to decrease the frequency of aberrant cells induced by a potent mutagen. First, groups of mice were treated with three concentrations of sage alone and it was established that the frequency of aberrant cells after treatment with a concentration of 25 microL/kg was not significantly different from the negative control (olive oil), while that found after treatment with the 50 microL/kg concentration differed significantly (chi2(1) = 4.05, p < 0.05). Sage used at a concentration of 100 microL/kg was cytotoxic. Mitomycin C (MMC), known as a potent mutagen, was used for induction of chromosome aberrations. Post-treatment with sage suppressed the effects of MMC significantly. Both concentrations (25 microL/kg and 50 microL/kg) produced a significant decrease in the frequency of aberrations relative to MMC (chi2(1) = 5.42, p < 0.02, chi2(1) = 14.93, p < 0.001, respectively). The percent of aberrations decreased with increasing concentrations of sage. Only nontoxic concentrations of sage without mutagenic effects can be recommended for use as inhibitors of mutagenesis or carcinogenesis.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

The protein composition of the hepatocyte nuclear matrix is differentiation-stage specific.

The protein composition of hepatocyte nuclear matrices was examined in rats from the 16th day of gestation to 75 days after birth (adult). An overall increase in size of the nuclear matrix was accompanied by quantitative and qualitative changes in its protein content. Quantitative changes of the major proteins of the peripheral lamina surrounding the isolated nuclear matrix were detected. By Western analysis we established that in pre- and postnatal nuclear matrices the relative concentrations of lamin C were greater than lamin A. After birth, the relative concentrations of both lamins progressively increased. In the adult nuclear matrix, the concentration of lamin A was greater than lamin C. In contrast, the relative concentrations of lamin B remained unchanged throughout development and growth. The relative concentrations of two nuclear matrix-associated regulatory proteins studied changed with development and growth: transcription factor C/EBPalpha isoforms, which were detected during the gestation period, increased notably after the first postnatal day, attaining a maximum at the adult stage; the high concentrations of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) perceptibly decreased after the 21st prenatal day. Changes in the composition of the nuclear matrix protein suggest that this structure coordinates nuclear functioning during cell differentiation.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

The role of B chromosomes in the population dynamics of yellow-necked wood mice Apodemus flavicollis (Rodentia, Mammalia).

Seasonal changes in the frequency of animals with B chromosomes were studied during 1989 in the population of yellow-necked wood mice, Apodemus flavicollis, on the mountain Jastrebac in Yugoslavia. During the study the estimated density of animals reached a very large value (378.8 individuals/ha for the April sample), which produced stress conditions leading to population decline. Six samples with a total of 247 specimens were karyotypically analyzed. Animals with Bs were present in all samples in frequencies that differed significantly at the 5% level. This difference was produced by the reduction in frequencies of specimens with Bs between the April and May samples (0.53 versus 0.29; chi 2(1) = 9.44; p < 0.002) and appeared mostly as a result of increased elimination of B-carrying animals from the prereproductive group. Young animals with Bs were inferior in stress conditions produced by overabundance of animals. From the first to the last sample, the frequency of animals with one B among B-containing animals constantly decreased, while the frequency of animals with more than one B increased. The possible role of Bs in regulating population dynamics is discussed.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1994

[The role of Epstein-Barr virus infections in human pathology].

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) belongs to the group of herpesvirus and may remain latent after primary infection with a possibility of periodical reactivation EBV infection is transmitted by intimate, oral contact with previously infected persons, persons sick or infected earlier which secrete virus periodically. We report on pathogenesis of primary infection as well as clinical characteristics of infective mononucleosis and other EBV associated diseases (Birkitt lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, syndrome of chronical fatigue).

Burkitt Lymphoma↗

PubMed1991

[Lactates in the cerebrospinal fluid in patients with bacterial and viral meningitis--significance in differential diagnosis].

Lactate concentrations were determined in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with purulent, tuberculous and viral meningitis. The control group consisted of 10 patients with meningism (the presence of the meningeal syndrome with a normal cytobiochemical finding of the cerebrospinal fluid). The enzymatic kinetic method of the firm "Behringer" was used. In all the patients with purulent meningitis lactate values were elevated (above 6.2 mmol/l), and the highest values (above 15.0 mmol.l) were found in the patients who also developed respiratory failure. The lactate values in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with purulent meningitis were higher in statistical significance than in all other examined groups of patients (p less than 0.01). The lactate values were in correlation with the total number of leukocytes (r = 0.78, p less than 0.01) and with the percent of polimorphonuclear leukocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid (r = 0.80, p less than 0.01). Elevated lactate values (above 2.95) were also found in all the patients who had tuberculous meningitis and statistically they differed significantly from the cerebrospinal fluid values of the patients with viral meningitis and meningism (p less than 0.01). There was no difference in the cerebrospinal fluid lactates of patients with viral meningitis and meningism (p greater than 0.05). Elevated lactate values were also found in 2 patients who had paraneoplastic meningitis and in 3 patients with cerebral cysticercosis and hydrocephalus, but without meningitis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bacterial Infections↗

PubMed1990

[Cerebellitis during Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection].

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the primary cause of respiratory system diseases in school children and young adults. Most often an infection of the upper respiratory airways is in question, with or without pharyngitis, while clinically manifest pneumonia occurs in only 3-10% of patients. However, multisystemic manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections can also occur, usually during the first 14 days after the start of respiratory symptomatology, but can also occur as isolated in some cases, with no prior respiratory illness, nor its later occurrence. In our patient there came to a development of pneumonia, exudative pleuritis, sinusitis and cerebellitis. The duration of the disease was protracted, but recovery was complete, without sequelae. The etiological diagnosis was set retrospectively on the basis of the dynamics of the titer of complement fixating antibodies. Mycoplasma pneumoniae should be considered as a possible etiological agent of various clinical syndromes.

Cerebellar Diseases↗

PubMed1989

[Neurolues--clinical characteristics, diagnosis and therapy].

A female patient with neurolues was presented in this paper. The disease started 25 years after primoinfection by neurologic disturbances which corresponded to classic neurolues with the signs of meningovascular and parenchymatous disease. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive serologic tests, computerized brain tomography--whereby syphilomas were found in the brain and by histopathologic survey of one of peripheral syphilomas. Antibiotic therapy with high penicillin doses was initiated but without more significant clinical effects, it only led to negativization of serologic tests. The patient died after two months. Serologic tests to syphilis should be temporarily repeated in all patients suspective of neurolues, in order to initiate or repeat the previously employed therapy.

Aged↗

PubMed1988