Relation of self-acceptance and acceptance of others.
A significant positive correlation of .33 was found for ratings on the Self-acceptance Scale and on the Acceptance of Others Scale for 13 undergraduate men and 45 women.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
M W Durm
Publications and source records attributed to M W Durm.
External validity of religiosity scales for a sample of southern students.
When mean scores on the Spiritual or Philosophical Domain of the Coping Resources Inventory for 96 university students of ages 20 to 47 years, were compared with means of the standardization sample, values fell outside the upper limit of the 99% confidence interval, suggesting the scale may not have external validity for a sample of students.
Adult↗
Construct validity for self-acceptance and fear of negative evaluation.
For 55 students (13 men, 42 women) there was a significant inverse correlation for scores on the Self-acceptance Scale and scores on the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale, thereby giving credence to the construct validity of both scales, that is, the more one accepts oneself, the less negative evaluation there is of oneself.
Adult↗
Do sex and perception of immediate stress affect optimism?
The purpose was to assess differences in mean optimism scores of men and women of low immediate stress (23 men, 28 women) and high immediate stress (11 men, 34 women). Using factorial analysis of variance, mean differences on the Coping Resources Inventory, Cognitive Domain, were not significant for sex, immediate stress, or their interaction.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Marriage and stress-coping among female college students.
By an independent t test, mean scores on the social domain of the Coping Resources Inventory for 18 single and for 18 married female students were not significantly different, suggesting similar involvement in social networks supportive during stress.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
College adjustment and older students.
When mean scores on the College Adjustment Scale for 21 students, ages 31 to 51 years, were compared with means of the standardization sample, values fell well within the acceptable ranges of 42nd to 67th percentiles, suggesting the scale could be given older students.
Adult↗
Substance abuse and academic and career problems for three age groups of college students.
Scores on the Substance Abuse, the Academic Problems, and the Career Problems subscales of the College Adjustment Scales were compared for 30 college students in three age groups. No significant mean difference was found among age groups on any scale.
Achievement↗
Longevity in age-heterogamous marriages.
A post facto analysis was conducted to study the relationship between longevity and age-heterogamous marriages with data from 776 cemetery records. A significant positive linear relationship was found between age difference and age at death of men. No significant relationship was found for women.
Age Factors↗
Children's self-esteem and their parents' education.
A randomly selected sample of 51 high school students from 1000, 21 boys and 30 girls, completed Forms A and AD of the Culture-free Self-esteem Inventory and a data sheet giving grade, gender, and both parents' education. No significant correlation was found between parents' education and children's scores on self-esteem but a correlation was .70 between forms.
Adolescent↗
Temporal association of substance abuse and self-esteem.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Is sex of fetus associated with duration of labor in nulliparas?
In a post facto study to examine whether sex of fetus was related to duration of nulliparas' labor 30 nulliparous (had not given birth previously) women who delivered boys and 30 others who delivered girls were matched according to the criteria that they were nulliparous, received an epidural for analgesia during labor, and their labors were either induced or augmented. All delivered vaginally. Duration of labor was not statistically significantly related to sex of the fetus.
Female↗
Does self-concept depend on body image? A gender analysis.
The purpose of this study was twofold, to estimate positive correlations between scores on the Tennessee Self-concept Scale for body image and self-concept within each gender and to assess differences between genders on measures of these two concepts, thereby testing the hypothesis that women have a more diminished body image than men. The study included 36 subjects, 18 male and 18 female. Within each gender were significant and positive correlations between measures of body image and self-concept. Between the genders, there was no significant difference in scores on self-concept but there was a difference in ratings of body image, with women being significantly less satisfied.
Adult↗
Children of divorce and its effect on their self-esteem.
The purpose was to investigate the temporal relationship of divorce with self-esteem of children and to assess differences in self-esteem, if any, between children of divorced families and children of intact families. The self-esteem of 60 children in Grade 9 and from divorced homes was measured using the Culture-free Self-esteem inventory. There was no significant positive correlation between the passage of time and higher self-esteem among these children. Independent t tests were then computed using the inventory scores of 60 students in Grade 9 from homes with both parents and the 60 from homes of divorced parents. Significant differences in self-esteem were found between the two groups.
Adolescent↗
Heinz dilemma? Let the subject choose!
This description of a novel approach for studying the validity of Kohlberg's sequential and hierarchical theory of moral development involved 138 boys and 113 girls (14 to 18 years old) choosing a solution among 12 to Kohlberg's Heinz dilemma instead of being assigned one by an interviewer. The results were not supportive of the theory. The methodology of research on moral development needs to be examined.
Adolescent↗
The relative salience of sex, race, age, and glasses in children's social perception.
The relative salience for children of various human facial features was examined in five experiments. The first two experiments were designed to validate the conclusion from previous research (McGraw, Durm, & Patterson, 1983) that the sex of adult faces is more salient than their race or age, and that the presence or absence of glasses is extremely unsalient. Children's spontaneous verbal descriptions confirmed the salience hierarchy of sex, race, age, and glasses. Experiments 3, 4, and 5 were designed to ascertain whether the salience of race, glasses, and age would be stable across potentially relevant subject and task-stimuli differences. There were some salience asymmetries; most notably, black skin was more salient than white skin for both Black and White children. In general, the results of these studies indicate that sex, race, age, and glasses represents a naturally occurring salience hierarchy that is reliably present among children of preschool and early elementary school age.
Black or African American↗
Lunar phase and acting-out behavior.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acting Out↗
Concept discrimination learning by preschool children using facial stimuli differing in age, sex, race, and eyeglasses.
In two experiments, the relative salience of the variables age, sex, race, and eyeglasses was determined with the use of a discrimination learning task and preschool-age Ss. The stimuli for the task were 112 frontal head and shoulder color photographs arranged in pairs. In both experiments, sex discrimination was the easiest to learn, followed by race and age, which did not differ from each other. Each of the variables of sex, age, and race, however, proved to be more salient than glasses which was not learned by any of the 19 Ss who were given a glasses discrimination problem in Experiment 1. Interestingly, specific cue salience may be a more valid concept than dimensional salience for preschool children. This was indicated by the asymmetry in performance on the black and white racial discrimination problems and on the male and female sexual discrimination problems: both black and male were significantly easier to learn.
Age Factors↗