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M W Shatz

Publications and source records attributed to M W Shatz.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Neuropsychological deficits and real-world dysfunction in cerebral revascularization candidates.

An assessment strategy using multiple levels of observation permitted description of problems in everyday living experienced by cerebral revascularization candidates. We contrasted the neuropsychological deficits and real-world dysfunction displayed by candidates for cerebral revascularization with that manifested by patients with severe spinal complaints. Correlations between selected neuropsychological scores and life quality measures were modest. Prediction of real-world performance in individuals likely will require multivariate combinations of measures. Relationships between life quality measures and neuropsychological scores may differ for patients with known or suspected neurological disease and patients with disorders which do not threaten cognitive functioning.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1987

Effects of lateralized cerebral dysfunction on the Continuous Paired-Associate Test.

Some authorities have advocated matching tests on several critical psychometric properties before inferring the presence of a differential pattern of deficit. This study examined the effects of lateralized cerebral dysfunction on the matched Verbal and Design subtests of the Continuous Paired-Associate Test (CPAT). Patients with lateralized destructive lesions were studied in Experiment 1. Epileptic patients with lateralized electroencephalographic findings were studied in Experiment 2. Left but not right hemispheric abnormalities impaired performance on the Verbal CPAT, but only for destructive lesions. The Designs CPAT was a nonspecific indicator of cerebral dysfunction. For studies with the goal of predicting laterality of cerebral dysfunction, we advocate a two-step strategy of test development. The first step would make use of the principle of double dissociation in selecting items to compose subtests. The second step would involve an item analysis of subtests to determine the need for matching.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Cerebral angiography and neuropsychological measurement: the twain may meet.

In a sample of 31 cerebral revascularization candidates, severity and dissemination of atherosclerosis on the cerebral angiogram were correlated with two of three global indicators of neurobehavioral impairment. Additionally, the angiographic rating was correlated with age and with an index of medical risk factors, but not with duration of the longest symptomatic episode. It seems likely that several variables, particularly collateral circulation, help to determine whether a given pattern of stenoses results in neuropsychological dysfunction and what type of behavioral deficit occurs. In many cases, the configuration of neuropsychological test scores may not directly mirror the pattern of cerebrovascular stenoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Can neuropsychological tests detect the sites of cerebrovascular stenoses and occlusions?

Conventional neuropsychological data may not mirror the site of cerebrovascular stenosis in a patient with mild to moderate symptoms. In this study, three groups of cerebral revascularization candidates failed to differ on an extended Halstead-Reitan battery: patients with symptoms and angiographic results referable to the carotid arterial system, subjects with clinical signs and neuroradiological findings referable to the vertebrobasilar arterial system, and patients with symptoms of cerebral ischemia but negative angiograms. Consistent with previous work, these patients generally were mildly impaired on neuropsychological tests, even though many were not symptomatic at the time of assessment. Neuropsychological tests seem to be sensitive to the presence and severity of cerebral ischemia, but in isolation may not be sufficient to determine the loci of vascular stenoses. The incongruence between angiographic and neuropsychological findings underlines the importance of distinguishing among different levels and types of measurements in defining subgroups of cerebral revascularization candidates. Collaboration among neuroscientists will further our understanding of the interrelationships among neurodiagnostic tests.

Carotid Artery Diseases↗
PubMed1982

Preoperative neurobehavioral impairment in cerebral revascularization candidates.

We examined level of performance in 40 candidates for cerebral revascularization and found substantial variability on general indices of neuropsychological performance. Patients differed by duration of their longest ischemic attack, by surgery type, but not by time since onset of their first ischemic attack. Duration of the longest ischemic attack correlated highly with neuropsychological summary scores. In contrast, symptom duration was unrelated to level of performance in 18 additional patients with histories consistent with cerebrovascular ischemia who did not undergo surgery subsequently. We concluded that initial status on neuropsychological tests is an important variable to consider in postoperative followup of patients undergoing cerebral revascularization. More detailed clinical history and finer grained analysis of neuropsychological data promised to reveal additional relationships among clinical symptoms, neurobehavioral data, and underlying neuropathology.

Brain Ischemia↗
PubMed1981

WAIS practice effects in clinical neuropsychology.

A recent review (Matarazzo, Carmody, & Jacobs, 1980) has focused attention on the issue of WAIS practice effects in clinical practice. Available literature suggests that WAIS practice effects in may samples of patients with neuropsychological dysfunction are minimal. Data relevant to this hypothesis are reviewed. Practical guidelines for the interpretation of test-retest changes on the WAIS in neuropsychological assessment are proposed, and the importance of considering the impact of WAIS practice effects in neuropsychological research is addressed.

Adult↗