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Biomedical subjects

M Wake

Publications and source records attributed to M Wake.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The histology of 'stored' autologous ossicles.

Controversy still exists concerning the ultimate fate of transposed or transplanted ossicles in tympanoplasty. Histological studies on autologous and homologous ossicles removed at revision operations, or from animal studies, vary in their conclusions. The viability, of such materials used in the long-term is still uncertain. Whether this has any functional significance is also uncertain. This report contains a histological review of 10 ossicle remnants stored in the 'closed' mastoid cavity for 12 months, following closed cavity mastoidectomy (combined approach tympanoplasty).

Cholesteatoma↗
PubMed1992

Detection of recurrent cholesteatoma by computerized tomography after 'closed cavity' mastoid surgery.

Pre-operative Computerized Tomography was performed prior to second look operations in 10 cases to check for cholesteatoma after combined approach tympanoplasty. Three independent opinions were obtained on the CT scans and compared with the operative findings. This small series failed to demonstrate reliable pre-operative radiological detection of cholesteatoma. There was disappointing inter-observer agreement in interpretation of the CT scans.

Cholesteatoma↗
PubMed1992

Ciliary beat frequency of nasal and middle ear mucosa in children with otitis media with effusion.

Impaired mucociliary function of respiratory tract mucosa is associated with secretory otitis media in some well recognized syndromes. Ciliary activity per se may now be assessed directly by determination of ciliary beat frequency by a photoelectric technique. 49 children with otitis media with effusion undergoing surgical treatment were studied. Middle ear mucosa and nasal epithelial cells were obtained by biopsy and cytological brushings respectively at the time of surgery (myringotomy +/- grommet insertion under general anaesthesia). From these samples mean nasal ciliary beat frequency was 11.0 Hz and mean middle ear ciliary beat frequency was 11.2 Hz. A positive correlation exists between mean ciliary beat frequency of nasal and middle ear samples from individual patients. A comparison of mean ciliary beat frequency between children who were effusion positive and effusion negative at the time of surgery revealed no statistically significant difference. In addition, no difference existed between those children with recurrent otitis media with effusion and newly presenting cases. No prima facie evidence exists of impaired ciliary function in this population of children with otitis media with effusion.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1991

Spontaneous perforation of the pharynx/esophagus.

Spontaneous perforation of the pharynx/esophagus is an unusual and probably under-diagnosed condition. This small series of patients demonstrating consistent clinical and radiological evidence of this condition suggests that it may be more common than has previously been supposed. It appears that in the majority of cases where the site of rupture occurs in the pharynx or upper esophagus that a self resolving clinical picture normally occurs.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effect of nasogastric tubes on eustachian tube function.

The Eustachian tube acts as pressure equalizing tube between the nasopharynx and the middle ear. It also functions as a conduit for removal of secretions from the middle ear and mastoid air cell system into the post nasal space. Eustachian tube function may be assessed objectively using tympanometric measurements. (Brooks, 1968, Lutman, 1987). The post-operative use of nasogastric Ryles tubes is associated with reduced peak middle ear pressure (mmH2O) and reduced peak compliance volumes (ml) as assessed by tympanometry. In addition changes in the appearance of the tympanic membrane may occur with the protracted use of Ryles tubes. This phenomenon is a transient one. Nasogastric tube-induced Eustachian tube dysfunction is a previously unreported entity.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Audit of blood transfusion policy in head and neck surgery.

There is current concern about the possible adverse affects of blood transfusion on patient survival after cancer surgery. In addition, blood transfusion is associated with a low incidence of morbidity and mortality in any patient. 100 patient records have been examined retrospectively to outline the problems with blood transfusion policy in head and neck surgery. The current situation lacks standardization on a scientific basis and represents an area of resource over-utilization. A new approach to this subject in head and neck surgery is proposed and a recommended 'new policy' suggested.

Blood Grouping and Crossmatching↗
PubMed1990

Adenoid cystic carcinoma: a comparison between CT, MR and Gd MR imaging techniques.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma continues to be a difficult diagnostic problem in many patients. It is well known that amongst the many and varied manifestations of this disease, a unilateral middle ear effusion in an adult should be regarded with suspicion. Such a case in a 42-year-old patient is presented. In this case the benefit of Gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging over and above computerized tomography is demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Guillotine and dissection tonsillectomy compared.

One hundred children and twenty adults were randomly allocated to guillotine or dissection tonsillectomy operations. The study was prospective and double-blind. In the children, the guillotine technique had demonstrable advantages over the dissection technique in terms of duration of operation, blood loss and post-operative pain. There was no significant morbidity in either group. In the adults, the random allocation of patients into these groups was found to be technically unsatisfactory and this arm of the study was abandoned after twenty patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A case of coronary spasm during general anesthesia successfully treated with nitroglycerin and verapamil].

We had a patient without history of angina, who repetitively showed transient elevation of ST-segment during general anesthesia. Coronary spasm was suspected, but no triggering factors could be detected; the spasm being observed under deep and stable anesthesia and at this point no surgical stimulations were interposed. It was treated successfully with intravenous administrations of nitroglycerin and verapamil and no further elevations of ST-segment could be observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Spontaneous perforation of the pharynx/oesophagus.

A single case of spontaneous perforation of the pharynx/oesophagus is reported. This case is exceptional with regard to its idiopathic nature and self-resolving clinical course. Other reported cases of this rare condition generally have a clearly identifiable aetiology and are associated with a high morbidity and mortality. The diagnostic label of spontaneous perforation' has been used inappropriately in previously reported cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Ectopic production of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin by inverted papilloma of the nose.

A series of 19 inverted papillomas (transitional type or Schneiderian papillomas) of the nose were examined using an immunogold-silver (IGS) technique and an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. We demonstrated beta-HCG production in all 19 specimens with both methods. The staining demonstrated by the IGS technique was of a greater intensity and in a larger number of cells than that observed by the indirect immunoperoxidase method.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Craniofacial surgery.

Craniofacial surgery is concerned with the treatment of congenital and acquired conditions affecting the head, face and jaws (Tessier, 1971a). Previously these were treated individually by plastic, neurological and faciomaxillary surgeons. This type of surgery was associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality (Goldin, 1975). Following the pioneering work of Dr Paul Tessier in Paris during the mid-1960s, using a multidisciplinary team approach has allowed for more radical treatment of these abnormalities with an acceptable morbidity rate within established craniofacial units (Munro, 1975).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Mechanisms of long and short term immunity to plague.

Long and short term immunity to plague was produced in normal mice by using, respectively, an antibiotic resistant Yersinia pestis and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Both immunogens were used live. Passive serum transfer experiments, together with assays for the bactericidal activity of macrophages and delayed hypersensitivity tests, showed that the short term immunity was of a humoral nature and the long term immunity was cell mediated. The plague virulence markers of the two immunogens were: Y. pestis VW- F1+ P1+ P+; Y. pseudotuberculosis VW+ F1- P1- P-. The challenge organism was Y. pestis VW+ F1+ P1+ P+.

Animals↗