PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Waku

Publications and source records attributed to M Waku.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Alterations in phosphatidylcholine and phospholipase A2 of the renal tissue in gentamicin nephrotoxicity: comparative study with buthionine sulfoximine administered model].

We investigated to confirm the biochemical mechanisms of the hypothesis that lipid peroxidation participates in the pathogenesis of aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with gentamicin (GM), 300mg/kg per day. Twenty-four hours after the injection the rats were killed and the renal cortex was processed for glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), phospholipase A2 (PLA2), phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin (SPH) and phospholipids (PL). And we also studied the GSH reduced rats by buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) administration, to compare the biochemical differences with these parameters in two groups. GM induced a significant decrease of PLA2, SHP/PC ratio and GSH. Marked elevation of MDA (lipid peroxidation) and PC were observed after a single injection of GM. In contrast, BSO injected rats were not showed increment of tissue MDA, in spite of marked reduction of renal GSH. These data support the conclusion that accelerated lipid peroxidation occurs early in the course of GM administration and inhibition of lysosomal PLA2 activity involved in the degradation of lysosomal membrane which consisted of phospholipids.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical investigation of cis-platinum nephrotoxicity in 244 cases of primary lung cancer].

Cisplatin (CDDP) is used widely in the treatment of a large number of carcinomas. The clinical use of cisplatin, however, can be complicated by myelotoxicity, intestinal toxicity and nephrotoxicity. We reviewed CDDP nephrotoxicity in 244 cases with primary lung cancer retrospectively. The enzyme histochemically localized in proximal tubular cells, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and beta 2-microglobulin (BMG), a low molecular weight peptide normally reabsorbed by the renal tubular cells that has been used as an indicator for renal proximal tubular damage, were measured. And fractional excretion of Na (FENa%) and serum magnesium (Mg) levels were also measured before and after CDDP administration serially. The following results were obtained; 1) Over 45% of patients with lung cancer showed transient hyperexcretion of urinary NAG and BMG after CDDP administration. And peak excretion of NAG and BMG appeared to occur within 36 hours after administration of CDDP. 2) Almost all cases with persistent azotemia after CDDP administration showed high values of FENa (%), in spite of gradual normalization of urinary NAG and BMG excretion. 3) Hypomagnesemia was a common complication of CDDP nephrotoxicity that might be caused by a defect in renal Mg reabsorption. CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity seemed to be initiated by an acute, mainly proximal tubular impairment that reflects alterations in excretion of urinary enzymes and low molecular weight protein. In cases with persistent azotemia after CDDP administration depressed renal function might be attributed to the impairment of proximal as well as distal tubular reabsorptive functions.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1990

Damaging effects of cisplatin on mouse spermatozoa.

The effect of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cisplatin: CDDP) on mouse spermatozoa was evaluated quantitatively by means of equilibrium sedimentation in Percoll. CDDP was administered subcutaneously at doses of 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg/week for 5 weeks. After different periods (1, 3, and 10 weeks) without CDDP, the quality of epididymal sperm was evaluated by sperm count, motility, morphology of sperm, and the apparent density of sperm. At 10 mg/kg dose, about 80% mortality occurred during the administration period. There were no sperm even 10 weeks after discontinuing CDDP. With the 3 mg/kg dose, sperm count, motility, and normal morphology of sperm declined after 1 and 5 weeks, but recovered to the control level after 10 weeks. The sperm distribution profiles in the Percoll gradient were quite different among the groups. The control sperm showed two separated peaks in the gradient, whereas the peak of sperm at 1 and 3 mg/kg were shifted forward to lighter apparent density. CDDP causes a reduction in sperm apparent density and impairs semen quality in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Immunochemotherapy for murine bladder tumor with a new human recombinant tumor necrosis factor (rTNF-S), VP-16 and hyperthermia.

Effects of a new recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rTNF-S) on the growth of murine bladder tumor (MBT-2) were studied. The growth of MBT-2 was significantly inhibited by intratumor injection of rTNF-S. Moreover etoposide (VP-16) and hyperthermia at relatively low temperature enhanced the antitumor effect of rTNF-S. Since TNF is considered to have species preference, these observations may be relevant to treatments for human bladder tumor with human TNF.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A case of primary bilateral epididymal leiomyoma].

Primary epididymal tumors are relatively rare entity. Leiomyoma is the second most common benign epididymal tumor. Recently, we experienced a case of primary bilateral epididymal leiomyoma. A 50-year-old man presented with painless masses in both epididymal tails several years in duration. Solid tumors of both epididymal tails with undetermined characteristics were diagnosed. At surgery both masses were solid and smooth and were found to be well-demarcated. They were removed without difficulty. Pathology was bilateral epididymal leiomyoma. We also reviewed 55 cases of epididymal leiomyoma in the Japanese literature.

Epididymis↗
PubMed1987

[Idiopathic calcinosis of the scrotum: a case report].

A 25-year-old man complained of painless, firm scrotal nodules which increased in number and size for the last 7 years. Physical examination was unremarkable except for many, firm painless nodules near the scrotal raphe. Preoperative diagnosis was multiple scrotal tumors of unknown etiology. Surgical excision was performed under epidural anesthesia. On microscopic examination, the nodules were located in the dermis and composed of calcified material which was positive with the von Kossa calcium stain. There were numerous foreign giant cells and dense fibrosis at the margins of the lesions. Idiopathic calcinosis of the scrotum was the final diagnosis. Although its etiology is unknown, the literature reviewed supported the view that the mast cell accumulation and its degranulation are related to idiopathic calcinosis of the scrotum.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A case of multiple urothelial tumors with chronic renal failure].

We report a case of multiple urothelial tumors (left renal pelvis, ureter and bladder) with chronic renal failure in a 72-year-old man. The patient was admitted because of gross hematuria with increasing volume and intervals on September 14, 1985. Admission evaluation including excretory urography, retrograde pyelography, computed tomography and cystoscopy revealed multiple urothelial tumors in the left renal pelvis, ureter and bladder. Radical surgery, however, was postponed because of pneumothorax induced by an inadvertent insertion of the CVP catheter at operation. Subsequent respiratory disturbance persisted so that he was observed at the outpatient clinic following right ureterocutaneostomy. Gradual increase in anemia and decrease in renal function, however, prompted another admission. Gross hematuria necessitating frequent blood replacement could not be controlled by transurethral resection of bladder tumors. Therefore left nephroureterectomy with resection of bladder cuff was performed after internal arteriovenous shunt had been established, because favorable results regarding tumor resection were obtained from preoperative evaluations. He showed satisfactory recovery and was spared hemodialysis despite eventful postoperative course with transient decrease in renal function. The patient was discharged on 130th postoperative day and is now being followed up at the outpatient clinic. The relevant literature is also reviewed briefly.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Augmentation by serrapeptase of tissue permeation by cefotiam].

Cefotiam (CTM) is a new cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Cephalosporins are widely used for prophylaxis of infections in patients undergoing thoracotomy. Augmentation by serrapeptase on tissue permeation of CTM was examined in 35 thoracotomy patients with lung cancer. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the method of the administration of CTM. Group I consisted of 17 subjects, each of whom received a single dose of 2 g of CTM alone by an instillation for 30 minutes. Group II consisted of 18 subjects, each of whom received a combination of CTM and serrapeptase; serrapeptase was given 2 tablets (10 mg) each time for three times/day until the day before surgery, and then CTM was administered by the same procedure. The following results were obtained: Individual difference was observed for the permeation of CTM into tissues. Pathologic differences also affected the permeation. Nevertheless, the CTM levels in pulmonary tissues reached about a half of those in the blood in both the single dose group and the combination group, hence sufficient concentrations exceeding MIC80 for main microorganisms that caused infections in the lung were obtained. The concentrations of CTM in inflammatory tissues have showed lower levels than those of normal tissues in both CTM single dose and the combination groups. Decrease of blood flow volume may have contributed to the reduction in levels of CTM in the inflammatory tissues. The ratio of the concentration of the drug in pulmonary tissues to that in the blood was 29.1 +/- 2.5% in the single dose group, and 44.2 +/- 6.0% in the combination group, the latter showing quite a significant increase (P less than 0.05). Combined administrations of CTM and serrapeptase deserves more trials in the case when surgical treatments of the lung are performed. An antiinflammatory effect of serrapeptase in the respiratory system is expected, and in addition, the combined use of CTM and serrapeptase should stimulate permeation of the antibiotic into tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Statistics of genitourinary tumors at Mito Saiseikai Hospital].

The statistics of genitourinary tumors proved by histology as benign or malignant were analyzed for a total of 7,705 patients at the Mito Saiseikai Hospital from 1974 to 1984. The prostate, the bladder, and the kidney were the organs from which the tumors originated most frequently, in that order. Among the benign tumors, benign prostatic hyperplasia (55 cases) was the most frequent. Among the malignant tumors, bladder tumor (22 cases), prostate carcinoma (20 cases), and renal tumor (9 cases) were the most frequent. The overall 5-year survival rate was 50%. The survival of patients with bladder tumor was similar to that of the patients with renal pelvic or ureteral tumors of a transitional-cell origin. The worst survival was observed in penile carcinoma. It can be concluded that the incidence and survival of genitourinary tumors in the Mito area were not significantly different from those reported in other parts in Japan.

Adult↗