Paternal and peer characteristics: interactions and association with male college students' marijuana use.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
M Whiteman
Publications and source records attributed to M Whiteman.
The role of the father in his son's marijuana use.
In order to explore perceived paternal correlates of adolescent marijuana use (both alone and in interaction with perceived maternal correlates), 71 adolescent boys were interviewed with a questionnaire assessing their perception of paternal and maternal warmth, child-centeredness, control through guilt, autonomy, and identification. The results showed users are less likely to perceive their fathers as affectionate and child-centered. The absence of both paternal tolerance in control and maternal affection is also associated with adolescent marijuana use. The results are discussed in terms of the possible impact of the father in the context of the family on the adolescent's marijuana use.
Adolescent↗
Initiation into adolescent marijuana use.
In this longitudinal study, the relationship of three domains (personality/attitudinal orientations, peer relationships, and family socialization factors) with initiation into adolescent marijuana use was examined. One hundred and eighty-three adolescent boys and girls and their mothers were interviewed when the adolescents were 13-17 years old and again three years later. The results indicate that the domains of personality and family (with control on the other two domains and demographic variables) each appear to be related to subsequent involvement with marijuana. In contrast, the peer domain is not significantly associated with initiation into marijuana use once personality, family, and demographic clusters are controlled. However, the interaction of maternal demographic clusters are controlled. However, the interaction of maternal conventionality and peer marijuana use was related to initiation into marijuana use.
Adolescent↗
Tax planning for veterinarians: the meals and lodgings exclusion.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Humans↗
Family socialization and adolescent personality and their association with adolescent use of marijuana.
This study examines family socialization practices and adolescent personality/attitudinal characteristics, their interrelation, and association with adolescent use of marijuana. Two hundred and eighty-four adolescents and their mothers served as Ss. As hypothesized, parental socialization factors and adolescent personality/attitudinal attributes each had an independent effect on adolescent use of marijuana and each comprised its own set of sufficient conditions for adolescent marijuana use.
Adolescent↗
Peer, family, and personality domains as related to adolescents drug behavior.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
Interrelationships among children's environmental variables as related to age, sex, race, and socioeconimic status.
Information concerning their environments was obtained from 127 first and 165 fifth grade children and their patents. These data were examined interactively--to determine whether patterns of relationships among environmental components changed as a function of the general status variables of sex, age, class, and race--and factorially, to obtain groupings of components. Chi square comparison of subgroup intercorrelation matrices revealed no differences among matrices as a function of the status variables. Factor analysis revealed six common factors: Social Class, Interactive Opportunity and Experience, Maturity, Aspiration Level, Family Interaction, and Amount of Income.
Age Factors↗
Father's influence on his daughter's marijuana use viewed in a mother and peer context.
A study of the fathers' impact on their daughters' marijuana use is presented viewed in the context of the mother and the daughters' peer group. Four hundred and three female college student volunteers and their fathers were administered closed-ended questionnaires which included a number of scales assessing various parental and peer characteristics. The results indicated that the domain (set) of paternal variables had a direct impact on daughters' marijuana use independent of the effects of the maternal domain. However, in the case of the peer group, the fathers' effects on daughters' marijuana use were not direct but were mediated through the peer domain. In addition, individual protective (nondrug-conducive) paternal variables served to mitigate the effects of certain maternal and peer risk (drug conductive) factors on the daughters' marijuana use. The findings underscore the importance of identifying those paternal factors that exert an influence on the daughters' marijuana use alone or in combination with other interpersonal (maternal, peer) factors.
Adolescent↗
Central nervous system tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients: clinical and radiographic findings.
PURPOSE: To characterize the radiographic findings on neuroimaging of 25 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive patients with proved central nervous system tuberculosis and to correlate those findings with clinical data. METHODS: Twenty-five HIV-seropositive patients with central nervous system tuberculosis were identified, and their imaging studies (CT and, in some cases, MR) and medical records were reviewed. The diagnosis of central nervous system tuberculosis was based on cerebrospinal fluid culture (n = 20), biopsy (n = 4), and/or autopsy (n = 5), with a clinical diagnosis of central nervous system tuberculosis in one additional patient. Results also were correlated with CD4 counts and chest x-ray findings. RESULTS: Nine (36%) of 25 patients demonstrated meningeal enhancement. Eleven (44%) of 25 demonstrated enhancing parenchymal lesions; 6 patients had tuberculomata, and 5 had tuberculous abscesses. Communicating hydrocephalus was present in 8 (32%) of 25, and infarction was seen in 9 (36%) of 25. Fifteen of 23 chest x-rays were suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis. Mean CD4 count was 162. Nine (38%) of 24 patients had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis, and 5 (21%) of 24 had no history of tuberculosis or any other opportunistic infection. Overall mortality was 79%. CONCLUSION: Central nervous system tuberculosis has a very high mortality among HIV-infected patients. Because cerebrospinal fluid cultures can take 6 to 8 weeks, the neuroradiologist can play a critical role in patient treatment by suggesting the correct diagnosis based on characteristic imaging findings. Radiographic clues include multiloculated abscess, cisternal enhancement, basal ganglia infarction, and communicating hydrocephalus, which are not findings associated with the more commonly encountered central nervous system lymphoma or toxoplasma encephalitis. Central nervous system tuberculosis may be the initial presentation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In patients with suspected central nervous system tuberculosis, chest x-ray may provide additional support for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
Correlates of adolescent marijuana use as related to age, sex, and ethnicity.
This study examines the interactive effects of background factors and personality/attitudinal and perceived environmental dimensions on adolescent drug behavior. Data were collected during home interviews using a structured interview schedule. The sample consisted of 403 British West Indian black, American black, and white adolescents, ranging in age from 13 to 17. Results suggested that two processes, nonconformity to conventional middle class values at both the personality/attitudinal and institutional level, and modeling of familial and peer drug use account in large part for adolescent drug behavior. The majority of correlates of adolescent drug behavior were similar in different sex, age, and ethnic groups.
Adolescent↗