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Biomedical subjects

M Witte

Publications and source records attributed to M Witte.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Characterization of ascites present at cesarean section.

Ascites has been reported at cesarean section delivery in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia. The frequency and composition of peritoneal fluid collections in pregnancy have not previously been described. This descriptive study evaluated presence, composition, and characteristics of ascites present in 41 women undergoing cesarean delivery for a variety of indications. Twenty-six women had sufficient quantities of peritoneal fluid to be collected immediately after opening the parietal peritoneum. The protein content of the fluid was analyzed. The presence of fluid was not related to labor preceding delivery. All preeclamptic women in this study had fluid obtainable at cesarean section. Large volume ascites was noted in five preeclamptic women whose fluid had low total protein content, consistent with a transudate. Intrahepatic portal hypertension is one possible explanation of the large volume and low protein ascites in some preeclamptic patients. Ultrasonic measurements in preeclamptic patients and normotensive pregnant women showed uniform portal vein diameters and Doppler-derived portal vein flow velocities in all patients. The physiology of peritoneal fluid production in complicated and normal pregnancy remains unexplained.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Vascular abnormalities in experimental and human lymphatic filariasis.

Whereas clinical descriptions of grotesque lymphedema and standard light microscopy in human filariasis have elucidated the natural progression of this disease, the link between the nematode and vascular abnormalities including elephantiasis remains poorly understood. Accordingly, we examined the nature and distribution of lymphatic and blood vascular derangements in a variety of tissues and organs from 37 ferrets acutely and chronically infected with Brugia malayi and in 15 patients with Wuchereria bancrofti or Brugia malayi infestation (resected skin, subcutaneous tissue, and lymph nodes) using light and transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and in vivo microscopy. In ferrets, eosinophilic abscesses and epithelioid and giant cell granulomas with fragmented worms in various stages of disintegration were found in multiple organs. Blood microvasculopathy consisted of endothelial hyperplasia, focal thickening and stenosis, vessel obliteration with marked perivascular infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils, and numerous large macrophages laden with a coarse golden-brown pigment. Endothelial ballooning and swelling, pavementing, denuding, scarring, and sludge formation were seen along with high endothelium in atypical locations. Dilated lymphatics were most prominent near adult worms and showed plump endothelium, thickened walls and valves, thrombus formation, and often perilymphangitis and adjacent tissue fibrosis. In vivo microscopy showed wriggling live adult worms in dilated incompetent sludge-filled groin lymphatics even when microfilaremia and peripheral edema were absent. In human tissues, in addition to "pachyderm" skin changes (keratosis, papillomatosis, acanthosis and collagen deposition), there was blood vessel and lymphatic vasculopathy similar to ferrets (angiocentric inflammation, congestion, vasculitis, thrombosis, thickened vessel walls, dilated lymphatics, lymphangitis, reactive lymph nodal hyperplasia and nodal fibrosis). These changes reflect generalized endothelial damage due to worm products, physical injury to valves and vessel walls from lymphatic-dwelling live worms, and host immune reactivity. Whereas adult worms target the lymphatic apparatus, their offspring and the host immune response primarily affects the blood microvasculature.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Pain control.

1. There is a need for more data about the epidemiological nature of pain in older adults. Some evidence suggests that pain is a prevalent but under-reported symptom in this age group. 2. Some experimental studies have suggested that older adults have a different criteria for labeling a stimulus as painful. It is also likely that older adults attribute certain symptoms to aging, and this influences the coping responses to the symptoms. 3. The clinical presentation of pain in older adults may be modified by the presence of multiple diseases super-imposed on the aging process. 4. Effective pharmacological management of pain should consider the older adult's increased susceptibility to troublesome side effects, medication interactions, and low dose toxicity. 5. Nonpharmacological approaches such as an exercise program help improve functional ability as well as assist the individual to cope and live with the pain.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Biotransformation of B 24/76 in the rat, minipig, dog and man].

After oral administration of B 24/76 (1) on experimental animals (rat, minipig, dog) and human beings 11 metabolites could be isolated from urine, faeces and bile. The structure of 7 compounds was elucidated by means of TLC and MS. The investigated species are showing an analogues metabolic pattern with differences in the intensity and main metabolites. In phase II-reaction we could observe qualitative differences.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1988

Whole body lymphangioscintigraphy in ferrets chronically infected with Brugia malayi.

Whole body lymphangioscintigraphy was performed after intradermal injection of 99mtechnetium human serum albumin or antimony colloid in the distal hindlimbs and forelimbs of ferrets chronically infected with Brugia malayi. The findings were compared with control ferrets and those with surgical interruption of the iliac lymphatics. While only one infected ferret manifested chronic hindlimb lymphedema, all exhibited delayed transport of radioisotope from the hindpaw with obstruction in the groin, poor or absent visualization of central lymphatic channels and regional lymph nodes, a picture similar to that following surgically induced lymphatic obstruction. In control ferrets, there was prompt visualization of peripheral lymphatic channels and regional lymph nodes with sharper and more extensive channel visualization after radiolabeled albumin and more intense sustained nodal visualization after radiolabeled antimony colloid. This noninvasive technique provides a readily repeatable investigative tool adaptable to small animals to study the evolution of lymphatic filariasis and other conditions associated with lymphatic obstruction.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Lymphatic endothelial cell line (CH3) from a recurrent retroperitoneal lymphangioma.

An endothelial cell line derived from a massive recurrent chyle-containing retroperitoneal lymphangioma was isolated in monolayer culture. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry confirmed a close resemblance to blood vascular endothelium with typical cobblestone morphology, positive immunofluorescence staining for endothelial marker Factor VIII-associated antigen and fibronectin, and prominent Weibel-Palade bodies. The endothelial cells also exhibited other ultrastructural features characteristic of lymphatic endothelium, including sparse microvillous surface projections, overlapping intercellular junctions, and abundant intermediate filaments. This endothelial cell line represents a new source of proliferating lymphatic endothelium for future study, including structural and functional comparison to blood vascular endothelium.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Measurements of the temperature during the use of dental ultrasonic devices].

This investigation worked at temperature measurements in cylindric pieces of copper for determination of surface temperatures and in root dentin of calves using ultrasonics by varying intensity, water flowing and pressure. In each experiment two different dental ultrasonic devices were used with two tips. The experiments with sufficient water flowing showed that the spray temperature which was determined separately in further experiments influenced the measurements mainly. On the other hand an insufficient water flowing resulted in remarkable findings showing for example temperatures in the pieces of copper higher than 195 degrees C and macroscopic changes on the root surface in form of carbonization and alterations of cementum and root dentin.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effects of sex hormones and of pregnancy on the selenium metabolism.

In order to obtain information about the hormonal regulation of the selenium metabolism, the element level in the blood serum of rats was determined by means of neutron activation analysis after administration of sex hormones and during pregnancy. While the decreases in the mean selenium concentrations found after the treatment with progesterone and progesterone + estrone were too low to enable us to establish response patterns, marked changes were observed in the serum of gravid rats. Here the selenium level dropped significantly (P less than 0.001) by 25% between the 10th and 15th day of gestation.

Animals↗