Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Y Khan.
A 2-cm nodular neoplasm in the left parietal region developed in a 52-year-old black man with a 20-year history of a systematized epidermal nevus of the scalp. On biopsy, the epidermal nevus showed both "church spire" papillary changes and multiple foci of acantholytic dyskeratosis. The neoplasm showed quite distinct histopathologic patterns of trichoepithelioma.
A patient with epithelioid leiomyosarcoma of the transverse colon presented clinically with a metastatic left axillary mass, destructive lesion of the glenoid cavity and head of the left humerus, and metastases to the apical region of the left lung and right paravertebral area of the mid-back. The primary tumor was detected eight months after the presentation of metastatic disease.
A premature newborn male required intensive care and prolonged antibiotic therapy for respiratory distress. Acute renal failure developed from bilateral obstructive candida pyelonephritis complicating systemic Candida albicans infection. Necropsy also revealed organizing subarachnoid hematoma and granulomatous candida meningoencephalitis.
A case report of subacute constrictive pericarditis associated with disseminated Serratia marcescens infection and bacteremia in a patient with chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis and uremia is described. Although not substantiated by clinical history, the renal pathologic features were similar to those of ethylene glycol-induced tubulointerstitial nephritis. The patient did not have a history of heroin addiction. The importance of predisposing factors such as uremia, invasive vascular procedures, tracheal intubation, peritoneal dialysis, and pericardiocentesis in Serratia infection in susceptible persons is discussed, as are possible roles of uremia, pericardiocentesis, and pericardiotomy in the pathogenesis of constrictive pericarditis in the present case.
A total of 121 men with complicated infections caused by beta-lactamase-negative Neisseria gonorrhoeae were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to regimens of either cefmenoxime (1.0 g) or procaine penicillin G (4.8 X 10(6) U) intramuscularly. Only the penicillin group also took 1.0 g of probenecid orally. A total of 99 patients completed the study, providing data from 108 infected sites. In the cefmenoxime group, there were 49 urethral, 1 rectal, and 2 pharyngeal infections; in the penicillin group, there were 49 urethral, 4 rectal, and 3 pharyngeal infections. In the cefmenoxime group, all except one urethral infection were eradicated. This patient admitted having had sexual intercourse during the follow-up period and was considered to be reinfected. In the penicillin group, all except one pharyngeal infection were cured. No adverse reactions were noted in either group. In this study, cefmenoxime was as effective as penicillin in the treatment of gonococcal urethritis in men.
The in vitro activities of three new beta-lactam antimicrobial agents, cefodizime, ceftazidime, and aztreonam (formerly azthreonam), were compared with those of cefotaxime, cefuroxime, cefoxitin, and penicillin against 100 beta-lactamase-negative and 42 beta-lactamase-positive Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains. The three new antimicrobial agents showed excellent activity against N. gonorrhoeae regardless of beta-lactamase production. Cefodizime was as active as cefotaxime and more active than the other test antimicrobial agents. It inhibited all isolates at a concentration of less than or equal to 0.016 micrograms/ml.
The in vitro activity of Sch 29,482, a new oral beta-lactam antimicrobial agent, was compared with those of norfloxacin, rosoxacin, ampicillin, erythromycin, and tetracycline against 142 Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains. Sch 29,482 was as active as norfloxacin and rosoxacin. Its activity was greater than the other three antimicrobial agents. It inhibited 90% of the isolates, regardless of beta-lactamase activity, at a concentration of less than or equal to 0.06 micrograms/ml.
A correlative electrocardiographic and ultrastructural study of myocardium in rabbits, administered 1 mg/kg of emetine hydrochloride intramuscularly for 5 successive days of a week over 2 to 4 week period, was conducted. The study revealed electrocardiographic changes and a spectrum of ultrastructural lesions involving myocardial cells and interstitial neural elements. The severity of these lesions was related to the cumulative dose of the drug. Myocardial cell lesions were characterized by fatty infiltration, increase in glycogen content, myofibrillolysis, focal cytoplasmic degeneration, contraction-band necrosis and intercalated disc disjunction, herniation and fragmentation of the close junction (nexus). Neural lesions included mesaxonal and axonal myelinoid bodies and alterations in dense-core vesicles of biogenic amine containing cells. Atrial myocardial lesions were relatively fewer and less severe than those in the ventricular myocardium. The myocardial cell and neural lesions may be inter-related and underlie the pathogenesis of emetine-induced cardiomyopathy.
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A total of 120 men with uncomplicated infections caused by beta-lactamase-negative, highly penicillin-susceptible strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to regimens of either piperacillin (2.0 g) or procaine penicillin G (4.8 X 10(6) U) intramuscularly, both delivered concomitantly with an oral dose of 1.0 g probenecid. A total of 103 patients completed the study, providing data from 112 infected sites: for the penicillin regimen--urethra, 46; pharynx, 5; and rectum, 4; for the piperacillin regimen--urethra, 53; pharynx, 3; and rectum, 1. In the penicillin group, there were no failures at any of the infected sites. In the piperacillin group, all except one pharyngeal infection were cured. Also, in the piperacillin group, four men visit, whereas no cases of this type occurred in the penicillin group. No major side effects were noted in either group. Clinically, piperacillin was as effective as procaine penicillin G in the treatment of gonococcal urethritis in men. Pharyngeal infection may be refractory to piperacillin therapy.
The in vitro activity of a new oral antimicrobial agent, norfloxacin (MK-0366), was compared with those of nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin, co-trimoxazole, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, cinoxacin, tetracycline, ampicillin, carbenicillin, and cephalexin against 628 urinary bacterial isolates. Norfloxacin was the most active antimicrobial agent tested against the gram-negative bacilli. It was less active than a few of the other antimicrobial agents against enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus.
Four new beta-lactam antimicrobials, ceftriaxone, cefotiam, cefonicid, and mecillinam, were evaluated in vitro against 72 beta-lactamase-negative and 26 beta-lactamase-positive isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Ceftriaxone was the most active of the antimicrobials tested. It inhibited all isolates, regardless of beta-lactamase activity, at a concentration of less than or equal to 0.015 microgram/ml. Cefotiam and cefonicid were also active against both groups but not as active as ceftriaxone. Both groups of N gonorrhoeae showed a high degree of resistance against mecillinam.
Ninety-seven patients with 118 sites infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae were treated with a single dose of either procaine penicillin G (4.8 x 10(6) U) or cefotoxime (1.0 g) intramuscularly. Only the penicillin group took 1 g of probenecid orally. The numbers of infected sites in each treatment group were as follows: penicillin-urethra, 37; rectum, 9; cervix, 8; and pharynx, 4; cefotaxime-urethra, 42; rectum, 9; cervix, 5; and pharynx, 4. The cure rates in each treatment group were 100%. No adverse reactions were noted in either group. beta-Lactamase-positive N. gonorrhoeae strains were not found. Ninety-five percent of clinical isolates were inhibited by less than or equal to 0.007 micrograms of cefotaxime and less than or equal to 0.25 micrograms of penicillin per ml. In this study cefotaxime was as effective as procaine penicillin in the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea.
The in vitro activity of a new ora antimicrobial agent, Mk-0366 (AM-715), was compared with those of rosoxacin, ampicillin, erythromycin, and tetracycline against Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Mk-0366 was as active as rosoxacin and more active than the other three antimicrobial agents. It inhibited all isolates, regardless of beta-lactamase activity, at a concentration of 0.03 micrograms/ml.
The in vitro activity of a new beta-lactam antibiotic, cefmenoxime, was compared with those of cefotaxime, cofuroxime, cefoxitin, and penicillin against 72 beta-lactamase-negative and 26 beta-lactamase-positive Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Cefmenoxime was as active as cefotaxime and more active than the other three antimicrobial agents. It inhibited all isolates, regardless of beta-lactamase activity, at a concentration of less than or equal to 0.015 microgram/ml.
Bacteremic Pseudomonas pneumonia is an almost universally fatal condition. Most cases are hospital acquired and associated with underlying disease. The present case is that of a 64-yr-old man who presented with community-acquired, bacteremic Pseudomonas pneumonia without obvious underlying predisposing conditions and who survived. Features contributing to his survival are discussed.
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