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Biomedical subjects

M Yabe

Publications and source records attributed to M Yabe.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Evaluation of the efficacy of continuous epidural block with low concentration of local anesthetics in patients with ureterolithiasis].

Forty patients with ureterolithiasis were studied to evaluate the efficacy of a continuous epidural block with local anesthetics. The patients were randomly allocated into 3 groups: first group (n = 7) received continuous epidural administration of 1% mepivacaine at a rate of 2 ml.hr-1; second group (n = 19) received intermittent bolus administration of the same anesthetic 4-5 times daily; and third group (control group, n = 14) was treated by conventional therapy including infusion of Ringer's solution and diuretics. Among 3 groups, a comparison of the rate of abortion of ureter stone, the rate of mobilization of stone, and the frequency of operation was performed. The rate of abortion in group 1 was significantly higher than those of group 2 and control. The rate of mobilization of stone in group 1 tended to be higher than group 2 and control. Also the frequency of operation in group 1 tended to be lower than group 2. Effect of continuous administration with 1% mepivacaine in patient with ureterolithiasis was comparable to that of intermittent bolus administration of 2% mepivacaine or 0.5% bupivacaine reported. We conclude that the continuous block with 1% mepivacaine is effective and safe for treating the patient with ureterolithiasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Studies on transfer of varicella-zoster-virus specific T-cell immunity from bone marrow donor to recipient.

The transfer of antigen-specific cellular immunity in human bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was studied in 49 donor-recipient pairs, using a varicella-zoster-virus (VZV) specific lymphoproliferative response (LPR) assay. Posttransplant VZV-LPR could be serially measured in 31 long-term surviving recipients. VZV-specific T-cell immunity was detected in the early posttransplant period in 4 of 16 recipients who were, and whose donors were, immune to VZV before BMT, but two of those positive responses diminished in the first 100 days posttransplant. No positive response was detected in the immediate posttransplant period when either only the recipient or the donor was immune to VZV pretransplant. Herpes zoster or chickenpox developed in the recipients depending on a history of pretransplant VZV infection when the VZV-LPR became negative, and recovery from VZV infection was always followed by quick conversion of VZV-LPR. Long-lasting positive VZV-LPR was observed in the two recipients who experienced VZV infection in the immediate pretransplant period and received marrow graft from an immune donor. Our results indicate that a simple or direct transfer of VZV-specific cellular immunity from a marrow donor to a recipient cannot be expected in usual clinical bone marrow transplantation and that there might be a collaboration or recruitment of immune responses involving both donor and recipient that permits the VZV-LPR to remain positive posttransplant.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1990

Increased numbers of CD8+CD11+, CD8+CD11- and CD8+Leu7+ cells in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 25 allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients were studied serially using flow cytometry and two colour analysis. Fourteen patients were transplanted for haematologic malignancies, eight for aplastic anaemia, two for congenital immunodeficiencies and one for Morquio's disease. All patients were alive more than 100 days post-grafting; nine patients had chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Dual labelling with monoclonal antibodies, CD4/2H4, CD4/4B4, CD8/CD11, CD8/HLA-DR and CD8/Leu 7 was used to analyse the surface phenotypes of lymphocytes. The population of CD4+2H4+ cells was decreased, and CD8+CD11+, CD8+CD11- and CD8+Leu7+ cells were markedly increased in patients with chronic GVHD. The increase of CD8+CD11+, CD8+CD11- and CD8+Leu7+ cells closely correlated with clinical signs of chronic GVHD in each patient. These results suggest that CD8+ cells may play an important role in effector and/or suppressor mechanisms of chronic GVHD and could be used as an indicator of need for and response to treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Effects of ulinastatin on changes of plasma granulocyte elastase, myeloperoxidase and fibronectin during and after open heart surgery].

We investigated effects of ulinastatin on plasma levels of granulocyte elastase in alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor complex, myeloperoxidase and fibronectin in 20 patients during and after open heart surgery. Ulinastatin, 300,000 units were given immediately after the induction of anesthesia. Plasma fibronectin increased significantly after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in ulinastatin group (group U) compared with control (group C) group. Regression coefficients between CPB time and changes of plasma fibronectin in group U were significantly different from those in group C after CPB. Plasma levels of granulocyte elastase in alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor complex were not different between the two groups. Regression coefficients of group U were smaller than those of group C after CPB. Plasma levels of myeloperoxidase were not different between the two groups. Regression coefficients of group U were significantly smaller than those of group C. Ulinastatin suppressed significantly the decrease of plasma fibronectin after CPB. Ulinastatin had no effects on plasma granulocyte elastase in alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor complex during and after CPB. Ulinastatin inhibited the increase of plasma myeloperoxidase in proportion to CPB time.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of the safety of a new portable pump for continuous epidural infusion of local anesthetics].

The safety of a new portable pump (Baxter Infusor), was evaluated for continuous epidural infusion of local anesthetics. The experimental flows at different temperatures were 1.87 ml.hr-1 at 28 degrees C and 2.14-2.15 ml.hr-1 at 33 degrees C. The average temperature of local anesthetics in this pump attached to patients was 29 degrees C. Concentration of mepivacaine reached the maximal value (1.129 +/- 0.439 micrograms.ml-1) at 12 hours after the application of the infusor. The concentration of mepivacaine was maintained at a constant level from 6th hour to 24th hour. The result indicates that Infusor is a safe device for continuous infusion of local anesthetics because of constant flow and low level of local anesthetics.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed1990

[Transfusion for operation: reduction and proper preparation of blood for transfusion].

In order to minimize preoperative transfusion requirements and to order proper preoperative transfusion blood, we induced deliberate hypotension and analyzed preoperative preparation of blood with C/T (cross-match/transfusion) ratio. We tried to establish a maximum surgical blood order schedule (MSBOS) based on the surgical transfusion experience of about 10 operations at our hospital. Deliberate hypotension was induced with prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) in 14 patients with mastectomy. Bleeding volume in PGE1 group (n = 7) was reduced to approximately 50% of control group (n = 7) at average dose of 35 +/- 25 ng.kg-1.min-1 with enough urine output. The dose of PGE1 was smaller than other reports because of the application of continuous epidural block to general anesthesia in all cases. Average C/T ratio was 4.6 and it was 3.6-24 in the 10 operations, which are higher than recommended value of the Ministry of Health and Welfare as well as ASA committee. We confirmed deliberate hypotension with PGE1 and continuous epidural block under general anesthesia were useful to minimize blood loss during mastectomy and clarified the improvement of the present preoperative blood ordering.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1989

Phenotypic characterization of cynomolgus monkey natural killer cells.

Natural killer (NK) activity of cynomolgus monkey peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) was determined using B95-8 cells as target cells. Examination for the reactivity of human NK-related monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), anti-Leu-7, anti-Leu-11b, anti-NKH1A, and NC-1, with cynomolgus PBL revealed that Leu-11b (CD16) was the only antigen expressed on cynomolgus PBL. The percentage of Leu-11b-positive (Leu-11b+) cells correlated well with the level of NK activity when PBL taken from 21 monkeys were tested. After depletion of Fc receptor-positive (FcR+) cells, NK activity was lost concomitantly with the disappearance of Leu-11b+ cells. These results show that cynomolgus NK cells are mainly FcR+ which can be detected by mAb directed to Leu-11b. Cynomolgus PBL were separated by Ficoll-Hypaque centrifugation after E rosette formation with 2-aminoethylisothiouronium bromide-treated sheep red blood cells, and NK activities of both E rosette-forming (E+) and nonforming (E-) fractions were determined. The high level of killing was observed in the E- fraction, suggesting that the majority of cynomolgus NK cells was contained in the E- fraction. The separation of PBL by Percoll discontinuous density gradient showed cynomolgus NK cells were enriched in the low density fractions.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Monkey interleukin 2: optimal conditions for production and partial characterization.

Cynomolgus monkey spleen cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes were tested for their ability to produce interleukin 2 (IL 2) upon stimulation with phytomitogens. By assessing proliferation of murine IL 2-dependent cells, maximal release of IL 2 activity was found in the supernatants of nonadherent cells cultured for 48 h, after stimulation with 25 micrograms/ml concanavalin A. Addition of phorbol myristate acetate to the cultures resulted in enhancement of IL 2 production, but there was no significant promotion when indomethacin or human lymphoblastoid cell lines were added to the cultures. Adherent macrophages appeared to inhibit rather than enhance IL 2 production in this system. Monkey IL 2 exhibited a molecular weight in the range of 15,000-18,000 daltons in Sephadex G-100 gel chromatography.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Identification of 3 beta, 7 beta-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acid in serum from patients treated with ursodeoxycholic acid.

An unknown bile acid was found by gas-liquid chromatography in the serum of patients who were administered ursodeoxycholic acid for the treatment of cholesterol gallstones. Identification of the chemical structure of the unknown bile acid was performed by the use of gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Mass spectrum analysis of the methyl ester trimethylsilyl ether of the bile acid showed explicitly that this is dihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic acid, since peaks at m/e 460 and 370 characteristic of methyl ester trimethylsilyl ether of dihydroxy bile acid were clearly exhibited. Sites of the two hydroxyl groups on the steroid nucleus were determined to be at the 3- and 7-positions by conversion of the bile acid to the corresponding dioxo-cholanoic acid and by comparison of the gas-liquid chromatographic behavior with those of authentic dioxo bile acids. Four authentic 3,7-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acids were chemically synthesized and retention times and mass spectra of their methyl ester trimethylsilyl ether derivatives compared precisely with that of the unknown bile acid. The results indicate that the unknown bile acid is 3 beta, 7 beta-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acid. Preliminary experiments suggest that 3 beta, 7 beta-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acid is absent as amino acid-conjugated forms in serum. It is also suggested that the bile acid is excreted into urine but not into bile.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1979

Surgical treatment of the radiation injured bowel.

Over the last 10 years, 9 patients treated by surgical procedure for radiation injuries of the bowel were studied with the following conclusions: The damage to the small intestine caused by external irradiation leads to adhesion of the bowel, perforation and postoperative anastomotic dehiscence if the irradiated bowel is used in the anastomosis. Surgical treatment for the small intestine is resection of the damaged loop. In order to determine the extent of the resection it is important that during the operation fibrosis and obstruction of vessels in the submucosa and subserosa is examined by biopsy. On the other hand, rectal ulcer and/or rectovaginal fistula is chiefly caused by intracavitary application plus external irradiation. For these lesion Hartmann operation or colostomy is performed, and the postoperative course is uneventful.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Breeding of cynomolgus monkeys through successive generations by indoor cage system.

Vital statistics on the breeding through successive generations were presented for the cynomolgus monkey colony of NIH, Tokyo. The results of this retrospective survey clearly demonstrated the third (F2) and the fourth (F3) generations could be bred and reared successfully by the indoor caged-breeding system in which either individual timed-mating or group mating procedure was adopted. Several important and difficult problems involved in the production of successive generations of the cynomolgus monkey by our breeding system were discussed from the standpoint of laboratory animal science.

Age Factors↗