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Biomedical subjects

M Yanoff

Publications and source records attributed to M Yanoff.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Comparison and characterization of retinal pericytes and retinal pigment epithelial cells on subcellular IP3-sensitive Ca2+ pools.

A comparative study of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-induced Ca2+ mobilization in bovine retinal capillary pericytes (BRCP) and bovine retinal pigment epithelial cells (BRPE) was carried out. Both cells were permeabilized with saponin. The two cell types had similar basal levels of [Ca2+]i (130 nM for BRCP, 132 nM for BRPE) and responded to IP3 in a dose-dependent manner. However, when stimulated by various concentrations of IP3 (1-10 microM), the increase in [Ca2+]i of BRCP was always two- to threefold higher than that in BRPE. Subcellular-fractionation studies showed that a single population of IP3 binding site with a high affinity and high specificity of IP3 mainly localized to plasma membrane in these two cell types. Although the dissociation constant of specific [32P]-IP3 binding sites (Kd 1.9-2.8 nM) was similar, the profile of maximal binding capacity (Bmax) of each fraction was markedly different. In comparison, plasma membrane fractions of BRCP were with Bmax of 165 fmol/mg protein versus 90 fmol/mg protein for BRPE membranes. The ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake and IP3-dependent Ca2+ release were observed in the both plasma membrane fractions. With quantitative correlation, the membrane fraction (2 mg) of BRCP released 0.2 nmol Ca2+ whereas BRPE only released 0.07 nmol Ca2+ with the same dose of IP3 (5 microM). The selectively higher density of IP3 binding sites in coupling to the larger Ca(2+)-release in the membrane of BRCP suggests that the quantity of Ca2+ mobilized is determined by the spatially preferential distribution of membrane-associated IP3 binding sites. These findings may provide an explanation for the differences observed between BRCP and BRPE in IP3-induced DNA replication.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1992

Reciprocal corneal transplantation fails to correct mucopolysaccharidosis VI corneal storage.

This report contains the results of studies designed to evaluate corneal clearing in mucopolysaccharidosis VI (MPS VI)-affected cats. Corneal buttons from affected cats were transplanted into normal cat corneas and, as controls, normal-to-normal and normal-to-affected transplants also were done. No clearing of the MPS VI graft or host beds occurred, nor was there any clouding of the normal donor or recipient corneal tissues. This assessment was made by serial clinical examinations over a 14-30 mo period and by light and electron microscopic examination of the corneal tissues at the end of the study. Lack of corneal clearing under conditions that would maximize such a process in this animal model indicates that corneal clearing is not an appropriate index for measuring the success of systemic therapy in MPS VI.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Subconjunctival anesthesia: an alternative to retrobulbar and peribulbar techniques.

We present a method of anesthesia for intraocular surgery of the anterior segment of the eye that avoids the risks of the potential complications associated with retrobulbar and peribulbar anesthesia. The method consists of topical anesthesia plus 0.5 cc of lidocaine (with hyaluronidase and epinephrine) injected beneath the superior conjunctiva. We have demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of this technique in 431 consecutive cases.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed1979

Proliferative endotheliopathy with iris abnormalities. The iridocorneal endothelial syndrome.

Sixteen cases of essential iris atrophy and two of iris nevus (Cogan-Reese) syndrome were reviewed retrospectively by light and electron microscopy. Varying degrees of corneal endothelial proliferation onto the trabecular meshwork and anterior iris were seen in all cases. The demonstration of an endothelial-abnormal basement membrane complex on the anterior iridic surface, deep to synechias in over half the cases, indicates that endothelialization may be primary, since it precedes the formation of anterior synechias. Pathologic and clinical evidence suggests that the iris nevus syndrome, Chandler's syndrome, and essential iris atrophy represent a continuum of clinical manifestations of a single disease process involving proliferation of the corneal endothelial and characteristic iris abnormalities; the latter may be secondary to variations in the pattern, rate, and extent of endothelial proliferation. We suggest the term "proliferative endotheliopathy" to emphasize the common pathogenetic role of corneal endothelial proliferation in all three entities (iris nevus syndrome, Chandler's syndrome, and essential iris atrophy). A more succinct alternate term is "the iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome."

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Inverted follicular keratosis.

We reviewed 17 cases of inverted follicular keratosis. The median age of the patients at the time of surgery was 69 years. Follow-up in 14 cases showed no recurrences of inverted follicular keratosis, which is a benign skin lesion, often mistaken clinically and pathologically for a malignancy. Inverted follicular keratosis is characterized histologically by the presence of squamous eddies, acantholysis, acanthosis, and hyperkeratosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Recurrent facial fibrous histiocytoma.

A case of fibrous histiocytoma required 4 surgical excisions over an 11-year period. The technique of frequent observation and early excision of recurrences is probably the best approach to established histiocytomas. Complete primary excision seems to offer the best chance of definitive cure.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Epipalpebral conjunctival osseous choristoma.

Two cases of osseous choristoma are described. One of the tumours was found in the conjunctiva of the right lower lid, an apparently unique location. The other more typical epibulbar tumour was found in the superior temporal quadrant of the episclera between the lateral and superior rectus muscles. In both instances the tumour was suspected of being a dermoid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Bilateral optic system aplasia with relatively normal eyes.

An infant with extensive CNS malformations and aplasia of the optic system in association with grossly normal-appearing eyes was studied. The neural malformations included partial agenesis of the medulla, pons, and cerebellum and striking maldevelopment of the telencephalon and diencephalon, with lissencephaly, complete arrhinencephaly, and agenesis of the optic system. Because the optic vesicles are outgrowths from the diencephalon, the absence of some structures derived from them is not surprising.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1978

Presumed spontaneously regressed retinoblastoma.

A history of blindness in one eye since childhood, the fundus appearance of the other eye, and the family history of elevated plasma levels of carcinoembryonic (CEA) antigen and colorectal carcinoma led us to diagnose bilateral spontaneously regressed retinoblastoma. Massive gliosis of the retina was found in the eye enucleated because of blindness and pain. The diagnosis of regressed retinoblastoma should be considered where the pathologic diagnosis of an enucleated eye is massive gliosis of the retina, but where no known cause is present.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Presumed orbital sarcoidosis: report of a case followed by computerized axial tomography and conjunctival biopsy.

A thirty-two-year old woman with known sarcoidosis was seen in the Ophthalmology Clinic because of discomfort in the left eye and orbit when looking up. A CT scan showed a small mass in the posterior left orbit. Conjunctival biopsy of the left eye showed a granuloma consistent with sarcoid. Rapid resolution of her condition occurred with prednisone therapy. One year later she had a recurrence with inability to elevate or depress the left eye. Similar, but more extensive, changes were seen on a CT scan. Conjunctival biopsy again was positive. With steroid therapy rapid and complete resolution occurred both clinically and as demonstrated by a CT scan. The relationship between her orbital mass and systemic sarcoidosis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Intrascleral nerve loop mistakenly identified as a foreign body.

A 5-year-old boy had an excisional biopsy of a pigmented scleral lesion thought clinically to be a foreign body, probably graphite from a pencil. Histological study demonstrated that the pigmented lesion was an intrascleral nerve loop (Axenfeld).

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

Lattice corneal dystrophy. Report of an unusual case.

The clinical, histochemical, light and electron microscopic evaluation of a case of lattice corneal dystrophy, appears clinically as an atypical granular dystrophy. There is structural and histochemical differentiation of the two dystrophies. Electron microscopy is often an invaluable aid in establishing a definitive diagnosis. The possible sources of the filamentous material found in lattice corneal dystrophy are discussed. It seems that not only keratocytes, but also corneal epithelial cells, occasionally may have the ability to elaborate the abnormal material that is considered to be amyloid in nature.

Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary↗
PubMed1977

Meesmann's epithelial dystrophy of the cornea.

Two separate pedigrees had typical Meesmann's dystrophy of the corneal epithelium. Histologic examination of one patient from each pedigree showed two characteristic findings in corneal epithelium; the previously designated "peculiar substance" in the cells, and the vacuolated homogeneous substance mostly within the cysts. The primary disturbance probably involves the cytoplasmic ground substance that ultimately may result in complete homogenization of cells and the formation of cysts. Thickening of the epithelial basement membrane is variable and is a nonspecific response by the epithelial basal cells.

Adult↗