Novel Dictyostelium unconventional myosin MyoK is a class I myosin with the longest loop-1 insert and the shortest tail.
We have identified and sequenced a novel unconventional myosin termed MyoK in Dictyostelium. Like class XIV myosins, MyoK has a very short and basic tail and lacks light chain-binding IQ motifs. In contrast, a phylogenetic analysis of the motor domain (head) clearly indicated that MyoK belongs to class I myosins. Surprisingly, at the loop-1 site of the head, an insert of 142 amino acid residues was found, the longest in all myosins so far sequenced. The insert was rich in Gly and Pro and could serve as a secondary actin-binding site, as is the case with those present in the tail of some class I myosins. The expression of the MyoK transcript was stimulated at very early stages of Dictyostelium development. The growth and terminal developmental phenotype of the Dictyostelium cell were not affected by the myoK- mutation, suggesting the existence of myosin(s) with functions overlapping those of MyoK.