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Biomedical subjects

M Z Goldstein

Publications and source records attributed to M Z Goldstein.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

A preliminary study of the association between changes in mood and cognition in a mixed geriatric psychiatry sample.

The relationship between measures of mood state and cognitive function was investigated in a sample of geriatric psychiatry inpatients. All were admitted to an urban hospital with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. Patients with diminishing negative affects and depressive symptoms during the course of hospitalization improved significantly on three cognitive tests, and half of the group members were no longer impaired according to their performance on a mental status exam. Correlations between cognition and mood-scale change scores were significant on tests emphasizing spatial processing and learning. Although the effects were modest in this heterogenous sample, the data demonstrate a significant influence of changing mood state on neuropsychological test performance.

Affect↗
PubMed1999

Issues affecting the lives of older persons with developmental disabilities.

Efforts to bring the aging developmentally disabled and mentally handicapped population into the mainstream of professional training and services are encouraging. The impact of managed care on the provision and quality of services for aging developmentally disabled persons who cannot advocate for themselves must be closely researched and monitored so that public funds are used to promote comprehensive and continuous care for this vulnerable population.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Occurrence and predictors of short-term mental and functional changes in older adults undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia.

The authors studies the cognitive, affective, and functional status of 172 mentally healthy patients, age 55 and older, who were undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. Patients were interviewed before and after surgery; this report focuses on changes 1 month postoperatively. Authors compared the mental status and function of 190 nonsurgical patients of comparable age. Surgical patients showed a temporary functional decline. Linear regression predictors of affective, cognitive, and functional change at follow-up included demographics, baseline measures of mental status and function, surgery type, and intraoperative measures. Longer duration of anesthesia--but not type of surgery--predicted short-term decline in activities of daily living but not cognition or affect. Authors discuss results in the context of previous findings in which surgery had no impact on mental status or function at 10-month follow-up.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1997

Neuropsychological predictors of adaptive kitchen behavior in geriatric psychiatry inpatients.

This study examined the degree to which demographic variables, psychiatric diagnosis, depression rating, and neuropsychological test performance predict adaptive kitchen behavior in geriatric psychiatry patients and normal elderly volunteers. Amixed group of 27 participants including 8 normal volunteers and 19 geriatric psychiatry inpatients underwent psychiatric evaluation, neuropsychological testing, and a kitchen skills assessment conducted in a natural setting. Both depression and dementia were prevalent among patients. The kitchen skills assessment was abnormal in 69% of patients, compared to none of the normal volunteers. Estimated premorbid IQs, psychiatric diagnosis, and neuropsychological test scores significantly predicted the pass/fail status on the kitchen skills assessment, but there was no effect for age, education, gender, or depression. The discriminant function analysis classified 92% of cases, and the canonical correlation coefficient was .84. Of the neuropsychological tests employed in the study, two tests involving visuospatial processing and attention were retained in the discriminant function analysis. The results are consistent with previous studies that suggest that visuospatial tasks are more predictive of instrumental activities of daily living than are cognitive tasks emphasizing verbal and memory abilities. In addition, we conclude that neuropsychological test data are useful and valid for the purpose of guiding clinical judgments regarding activities of daily living in geriatric psychiatry patients.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1996

Effect of elective surgery under general anesthesia on mental status variables in elderly women and men: 10-month follow-up.

Mental status changes were assessed and compared in 172 general surgical and orthopedic patients and 190 nonsurgical patients, all aged 55 and over, during a 10-month period. Assessments included a structured psychosocial questionnaire and standardized tests of cognition, affect, and function. The relationship of surgery, type of surgery, age, gender, and postoperative delirium to long-term postoperative decline was evaluated. Analyses of variance directly tested main effects pertaining to each of the five hypotheses and interactions of surgery with background variables. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses assessed the unique contributions of demographic and surgical variables to cognitive, affective, and functional change. None of the independent variables tested made a significant contribution to changes from baseline to long-term follow-up. The findings may be due to the physical and psychological health of this sample, and replication of this work in more impaired populations may be productive.

Activities of Daily Living↗