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Biomedical subjects

M Zach

Publications and source records attributed to M Zach.

83 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Autonomous thyroid adenoma in an 11 years old girl with childhood hyperthyroidism (author's transl)].

The thyroid gland of an eleven year old girl developed a 3 x6 cm nodule with endocrine activity and storage ability. Szintigraphic examination with TSH simulation identified it as an autonomous decompensating adenoma. Within a few months a clinically mild hyperthyreotic state developed. After surgical removal histology showed a follicular adenoma with papillary characteristics. Postoperatively thyroid hormon therapy was started.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1977

[Accidental digitalis intoxication in small children (author's transl)].

Life-threatening, glycoside-induced cardiac rhythm disturbances are often seen following accidental digitalis intoxication in small children. Modern therapeutic management should take into consideration the pharmacokinetics as well as the mechanisms responsible for cardiac and extracardiac symptoms. Discussed are the possibilities of eliminating and inactivating the ingested glycosides, the indications and contraindications for administration of electrolytes, as well as the use of anti-arrhythmic drugs and pacing for cardiac arrhythmias. Special consideration should be given to close observation and instrumental monitoring; ideally these should be carried out in an intensive care unit. Unnecessary loss of time in the management of such cases should be avoided through proper organization of diagnostic and therapeutic activities.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed1976

[Pulmonary valve aplasia with ventricular septal defect. Hemodynamics and embryology].

The combination of absent pulmonary valve with ventricular septal defect, subvalvular pulmonic stenosis and aneurysm of the pulmonary artery presents a characteristic heamodynamic and clinical profile. It should be differentiated from other morphologically related cardiovascular malformations. According to the degree of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, the circulatory pattern and the clinical picture is varying widely. We are differentiating an obstructive and a congestive form of the disease. An own case is demonstrated. After a short review of the literature the clinical and haemodynamic findings are discussed. The important role of the ductus arteriosus in fetal circulation is emphasized. The development of a huge pulmonary aneurysm and the premature closing of the ductus arteriosus are considered to be secondary to the serious disturbance of fetal haemodynamics.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The syndrome of absent pulmonary valve and ventricular septal defect--anatomical features and embryological implications.

Four cases of absent pulmonary valve in combination with ventricular septal defect are reported. In this syndrome hypo- and dysplasia of the pulmonary valve is constantly associated with a big ventricular septal defect, formation of a huge pulmonary artery aneurysm and absence of the ductus arteriosus. Presence or absence of a right ventricular outflow tract obstruction is the criteria for classification into two forms. Absence of the pulmonary valve, right ventricular outflow tract obstruction and a malalignment-type ventricular septal defect produced by a conotruncal malseptation process represent the primary complex of malformations. Consecutive intrauterine cardiac failure is most probably prevented by prenatal closure of the ductus arteriosus. Pulmonary artery aneurysm and also dilatation of the right ventricular outflow tract as well as a whole lot of other coexisting deformities can be explained by a cascade of hemodynamical sequelae started by this ductus closure in utero. An embryological scheme explaining the genesis of this syndrome is derived from a morphological analysis of the constituting incoherent-appearing anatomical features.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extralobar sequestration with unusual arterial supply and venous drainage.

We present a case of extralobar pulmonary sequestration between the left lower lobe and diaphragm with an unusual arterial blood supply and venous drainage. Angiography revealed a large systemic artery arising from the left subclavian artery. The venous return paralleled this anomalous artery and drained into the left subclavian vein. This case illustrates the wide anatomic variability of such complex bronchovascular anomalies. Careful preoperative evaluation of both the arterial supply and venous drainage is important to avoid intraoperative complications. Angiography provides clear definition of these abnormal vascular structures, which is essential for appropriate therapeutic management.

Bronchopulmonary Sequestration↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnosis of congenital AV fistula in childhood--report of a clinical case].

Pulmonary AV fistulas are rarely diagnosed in children. In the absence of cardiac malformations or chronic lung disorders, cyanosis is the most reliable symptom. The diagnosis is confirmed by a series of complementary investigations such as measurement of arterial blood gases, contrast echocardiography, cardiac radionuclid ventriculography and cardiac catheterization studies. These diagnostic procedures serve as a reliable background for any therapeutic decisions.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Toxocariasis in a 5-year-old boy--manifesting as bronchial asthma and behavioral disorder].

We report on a five year old boy who was admitted to hospital because of obstructive airway disease; initially, findings were interpreted to indicate bronchial asthma. In addition, the patient presented with a behavioural abnormality of aggressiveness and hyperactivity. Laboratory examinations showed an elevated IgE level and eosinophilia, chest x-ray revealed infiltrations in both lungs. After excluding a spectrum of chronic lung disorders by relevant investigations, serological testing for parasitosis revealed massively elevated toxocara IgG antibodies. The diagnosis of a "covert form" of toxocarosis was established and an antihelminthic therapy with albendazole was initiated. Chronic respiratory symptoms in childhood can also indicate the presence of a parasitic infestation.

Albendazole↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic interstitial lung diseases in childhood: bronchopulmonary dysplasia and exogenous allergic alveolitis].

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that develops in preterm infants treated with oxygen and positive-pressure ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome. Despite the introduction of new treatment modalities (surfactant therapy, high-frequency oscillation) and improvements in the outcome of critically ill preterm infants, BPD has become an extremely important complication of neonatal intensive care and the most common form of chronic lung disease in infants. Specific pathogenesis, treatment modalities, prognosis, and multidisciplinary approaches to the prevention of BPD are described in detail. Extrinsic allergic alveolitis ("hypersensitivity pneumonitis") is a rare pulmonary disease in childhood due to inhaled organic dust, containing fungal antigens, thermophilic actinomycetes, or avian proteins. Diagnosis is often difficult, but it should be considered in every child with persistent and otherwise unexplained respiratory symptoms.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Peak flow measurement from the pediatric viewpoint].

With special emphasis on the paediatric aspects, the importance of peak expiratory flow rate measurements in asthma patients is reviewed. Portable peak flow meters allow for regular home monitoring of lung function. Repeated peak expiratory flow recordings by patients at home are of great value in the diagnosis and the therapeutic management of bronchial asthma. Monitoring of peak expiratory flow rates may improve the perception of compromised airway function and thereby enhance compliance in asthma patients. As a relatively simple form of pulmonary function testing, the measurement of peak expiratory flow rates, however, cannot substitute for pulmonary function testing by spirometry, flow-volume-curves or bodyplethysmography.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic interstitial lung diseases in childhood--an overview].

The spectrum of chronic interstitial lung disease in children includes a large and heterogeneous group of rare disorders. This paper reviews these disorders by focussing on basic pathophysiological mechanisms, and by discussing the difficulties in the classification of these diseases. Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are also listed. The overall prognosis is dubious and mortality remains high.

Child↗