Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Zemba.
The article is a review of the possibilities of palliative treatment for bullous keratopathy, medical methods (hypotensor and hyperosmotic agents) and surgical methods (conjunctival flap, annular keratotomy, anterior stromal puncture, therapeutic photo-keratectomy and amniotic membrane use), each of them with indications, results, advantages and disadvantages.
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Retinoblastoma is a genetic expression model of the tumors' suppressor genes. This study explains the most important elements of the genetic mechanisms which govern retinoblastoma's appearance and remission. It also attempts to address questions about the risk of patient's relatives getting retinoblastoma.
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The authors present the case of a patient having both toxic keratopathy and maculopathy after a medication with amiodarone. Some of the ocular damages are irreversible, even while amiodarone medication is stopped, which recommends the screening as an efficient tracking method for ocular reversible injuries, avoiding major loss of visual function.
This case present the consequences of performing the cataract surgery on an eye with intraocular tumor, pointing the importance of a detailed and complete examination, even for the benign and easy to diagnostic diseases.
PURPOSE: to show the manner of diagnose of this syndrome and to evaluate the possibilities of treatment MATERIAL AND METHOD--there are shown: --ophthalmological and ENT clinical examination --visual field test--adaptometry--audiometry --impedance--auditive evoked potentials--cataract extraction (phacoemulsification). RESULTS: After cataract extraction the visual acuity increase. CONCLUSIONS: For the diagnosis we need both the diagnosis of retinitis pigmentosa and neurosensorial deafness. For the certainty of the diagnosis genetic tests are required. The treatment of associate ocular pathology may increase the visual status.
AIM: to evaluate cataract surgery performed in Romania analyzing: --the number of cataract surgery performed in 2003; --the surgical technique used: intracapsular extraction, extracapsular extraction, phacoemulsification; --the number and type of intraocular lenses used; --the number of ophthalmologists that performed cataract surgery; MATERIAL AND METHOD: --a questionnaire was sent to all ophthalmologists which do cataract surgery. RESULTS: --38,000 surgeries for cataract were performed in 2003; --the surgical techniques used were : Phacoemulsification (18,000 cases), classic extracapsular extraction ( 19,000 cases) and intracapsular extraction (1000 cases); --28,500 rigid and 8,000 foldable intraocular lenses were implanted; - 223 ophthalmologists perform cataract surgery in Romania.
PURPOSE: To show corneal changes after corneal preservation. MATERIAL AND METHOD: There was studied 10 pig corneas: a fresh cornea; two corneas stored in wet chamber at 4 degrees C, 24 and 48 hours; seven corneas stored in Inosol at 31 degrees C, 24 hours, 7, 10, 14, 18, 20 and 22 days. RESULTS: We obtained images of every cornea; we followed epithelial, stromal and endothelial changes. CONCLUSIONS: 1. During corneal preservation there are progressive histological changes, early in epithelium and stroma, later at endothelial level. 2. The safe preservation period in wet chamber at 4 degrees C is 24 hours; the changes found after 48 hours are irreversibile. 3. The safe preservation period in Inosol at 31 degrees C is 14 days.
PURPOSE: To study the cornea, specially the corneal endothelium in preservation media for different periods of time, trying to assess the best period of preservation. To evaluate the endothelial cell loss during preservation, trying to assess the endothelial cell minimum density for a cornea able to be preserved. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 7 human corneas and 15 pig corneas. We used the inverted specular microscope, Axiovert 100. We used the soft KS 400 for image processing. We used to preservation medium: Inosol-like. We made an initial examination, then after 1,4,7,10 and 14 days. RESULTS: In human corneas the mean cell loss(%) was 4.1% from initial cell density after 4 days of preservation, 14.7% after 7 days, 18.6% after 10 days and 23.4% after 14 days. In pig corneas the mean cell loss (%) was 2.3% from initial cell density after 4 days of preservation, 8.8% after 7 days, 14.9% after 10 days and 23% after 14 days. CONCLUSIONS: The best period of preservation in Inosol-like medium is 7-10 days. This period may be extended to 14 days. During preservation there is an endothelial cell loss which after 14 days is about 23% from initial endothelial cell density (about 550 cell/mm2). The minimum initial endothelial cell density for a cornea to be able to be preserved is 2400 cell/mm2.
PURPOSE: Determination of the success degree of the three decontamination methods for the purpose of choosing the decontamination method before the prelevation of the cornea for its best preservation. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The studied decontamination methods were: 1. Immersion of the ocular globe in Betadina (polividon--iod) 2. Immersion of the ocular globe in Silver Nitrate 3. Washing of the ocular globe with Gentamicina. 30 animal eyes (pig) were used, 10 for each method. A bacteriological sample was prelevated from each ocular globe, before and after the decontamination. Afterwards the cornea was immersed in solution of Inosol type, following the indicator of the Inosol for 10 days. RESULTS: In each conjunctival the microbial population was present before the decontamination. Positive samples existed after the decontamination for every method, microbial concentration being however greatly reduced in the first 2 samples. The contamination of the conservation environment occurred for a cornea in the case of Betadine, for 2 cornea in the case of Silver Nitrate and for 7 corneas in the case of Gentamicin. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Decontamination with Gentamicin 33 mg/ml solution is inefficient. 2. The efficacy of Silver Nitrate and Betadine solution is similarly. 3. The best option is immersion of the globe in Betadine solution.
In the beginning of the article where are defined the notions of the soft of automated perimetry: threshold, kind of tests, the strategy of automated perimetry. Then are shown the steps of automated perimetry interpretation: kind of test and strategy, evaluation of patient reliability, interpretation of the visual field defects (artifacts or no) and statistical analysis.
AIM OF STUDY: To evaluate the 4 degrees C method of corneal preservation (in moist chamber or in preservation media To determine the duration of prevention. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Preservation in moist chamber at 4 degrees C, group of 10 pig eyes. Preservation: the entire globe at 4 degrees C examination: direct specular microscopy with a Tomey device, daily, for 4 days. Preservation in Likorol DX at 4 degrees C, group: 20 pig eyes Preservation: Likorol DX medium, we change the medium after 7 days. examinations: inverse specular microscopy, with a Zeiss device, after 1, 4, 7, 10 and 14 days. RESULTS: Preservation in moist chamber at 4 degrees C. The average endothelial cell loss was 13.2% after a day of preservation and 27.1% after 2 days. Preservation in Likorol DX at 4 degrees C The average endothelial cell loss was 2.8% after a day of preservation, 13.8% after 7 days and 22.6% after 10 days. CONCLUSIONS: The corneal preservation in moist chamber at 4 degrees C is a useful method; it is safe to preserve the globe only for 24 hours. It is safe to preserve corneas in Likorol DX medium for 7 days, there is an endothelial cell loss, about 13.8%.
PURPOSE: To compare White & White and Blue-Yellow Full Threshold automated perimetry. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Group of 37 patients; we used a Humphrey Zeiss automated perimeter. RESULTS: We obtained 49% abnormal white & white visual fields and 62% abnormal blue yellow fields. CONCLUSIONS: Blue Yellow perimetry has higher sensibility than white & white perimetry. We can detect earlier with this test the glaucoma defects.
We show the mechanisms of postinflammatory secondary glaucoma and the possibilities of treatment of this, all of this concerning to an individual case. We evaluate the benefits and risks for every kind of therapeutical approach and we show our choice.
The article shows a case of Bourneville's disease, a quite rare neuroectodermal phacomatosis. We show how we establish the diagnosis, beginning with a total unspecifical symptomatology.
The most important factor for functional and anatomic prognosis of an injured eye is the appropriate emergency assistance. This paper presents a case of penetrating ocular trauma with minor clinical sings which associates severe lesions of posterior pole discovered intraoperatively. Careful history and clinical examination allowed the best surgical management, with complete anatomical and functional recovery of the eye.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To determine endothelial cell loss rate after penetrating keratoplasty. To determine for low long this rate remain high. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We have three groups of patients. First group consists of 15 patients without ophthalmic pathology. The second group consists of 15 patients, after cataract surgery. The Third group consists of 20 patients after penetrating keratoplasty, 10 of them with edematous keratoplasty and 10 with keratoconus or central leucoma. Every patient was examined with direct specular microscopy, after 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 months. RESULTS: In the first group we can't determine an endothelial cell loss. In the second group the endothelial cell loss was 4% per month, 5.9% per month, then the value become normal. In the third endothelial cell was continuous within all intervals. CONCLUSIONS: After penetrating keratoplasty there is a significant endothelial cell loss that continues over 18 month.