Biomedical subjects

M Zetterling

Publications and source records attributed to M Zetterling.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2000

Internal carotid artery dissection.

The purpose of this review is to increase the awareness of internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD), a potentially serious and probably underdiagnosed condition. ICAD is a not uncommon cause of stroke in young patients. ICAD may occur spontaneously or as a result of trauma. However, the "spontaneous" dissection is often preceded by a trivial trauma. The typical patient presents with ipsilateral headache or neck pain, ipsilateral Horner's syndrome and delayed ischemic symptoms from the ipsilateral hemisphere or retina. Conventional angiography, the gold standard for diagnosis, tends to be replaced by non-invasive diagnostic methods. There are no evidence-based guidelines for therapy although anticoagulation is most commonly used. The references are selected from the Medline database for the years 1966-1997.

Anticoagulants↗

PubMed2000

Carotid atherosclerosis in relation to symptoms from the territory supplied by the carotid artery.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between intima-media thickness in the common carotid artery, plaque morphology in the carotid bifurcation and symptoms of cerebral embolism. Design prospective study of consecutive patients referred for carotid duplex examination. METHODS: One hundred and eighty-eight patients were classified by one of two neurologists into four categories (symptomatic, asymptomatic, undefined, uncertain). Carotid atherosclerosis was measured by means of high-resolution ultrasound technique. Carotid plaques were classified based on visual evaluation of plaque echogenicity. RESULTS: Intima-media thickness (IMT) was correlated to presence of plaques, age and gender, but not to symptoms referable to the carotid circulation. Carotid plaques were more common in symptomatic than in asymptomatic vessels (p<0.05). There was no difference in plaque occurrence between the ipsi- and contralateral sides in the symptomatic patients, neither in frequency of echolucent plaques between the sides or between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Echogenic plaques were more common and generally smaller than echolucent plaques. CONCLUSIONS: IMT correlates with presence of plaques, but not with symptoms from the territory supplied by the carotid artery. Echolucent plaques in the carotid bifurcation are not more frequently symptomatic than echogenic plaques are, in patients with low-to-moderate degree of carotid stenosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Relationship between intima-media thickness in the common carotid artery and atherosclerosis in the carotid bifurcation.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: An increase in intima-media thickness (IMT) in the common carotid artery (CCA) is commonly used as a marker of atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between IMT in the CCA and atherosclerosis in the carotid bifurcation. METHODS: 182 consecutive patients (mean age, 67 years) referred for carotid duplex scanning were included. We measured IMT and classified plaques by means of a high-resolution ultrasound technique. RESULTS: IMT was correlated to age, male gender, ischemic heart disease, and presence of plaques or stenoses in any of the carotid bifurcations. In men, IMT was larger on the left than on the right side. Plaques were seen in 163 carotid bifurcations, in 45 of these with > 50% stenosis. On the left side but not on the right, there was a correlation between IMT in the CCA and presence of plaques or stenoses in the carotid bifurcation. Echogenic plaques were more common than echolucent, but the latter caused significantly more stenoses. No relationship was found between plaque echogenicity and IMT. CONCLUSIONS: IMT of the CCA is correlated to the degree of atherosclerosis in the carotid bifurcations in general and on the left side also to the presence of plaques or stenoses in the left carotid bifurcation. Our results support earlier observations suggesting faster development of carotid atherosclerosis on the left than on the right side. Echogenic plaques were more common and generally smaller than echolucent plaques, but there was no correlation between plaque echogenicity and IMT.

Adult↗