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M Zins

Publications and source records attributed to M Zins.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Imaging of a thickened-wall gallbladder].

Thickening of the gallbladder wall may result from a large spectrum of pathological conditions, intrinsic as well as extrinsic to the biliary tract, and may have different appearances. Accurate diagnosis is usually established after a correlation of imaging findings, laboratory data and clinical history. US remains the initial imaging modality for the evaluation of acute right upper quadrant pain. CT and MRI are complementary to US and have an increasing role in assessing a thickened-wall gallbladder.

Acalculous Cholecystitis↗
PubMed2006

Lifelong socioeconomic trajectory and premature mortality (35-65 years) in France: findings from the GAZEL Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Studies conducted in the UK and Scandinavia show an inverse association between lifetime socioeconomic position and adult mortality. However, there are virtually no data from other countries and few investigations have examined non-cardiovascular mortality in men and women. METHODS: Lifelong socioeconomic trajectories (father's occupation, own occupation in young adulthood and in mid-life) and premature (< or = 65 years) mortality (all-cause, smoking-related cancer, diseases of the circulatory system and external causes) in the French GAZEL Cohort Study (14,972 men and 5,598 women, followed up between 1990 and 2004) were studied. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox's regression models adjusted for age, marital status, tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and fruit and vegetable consumption. RESULTS: Men and women who experienced lifelong disadvantage or downward intergenerational mobility were at high risk of dying prematurely compared with those with a favourable trajectory (age-adjusted HRs for all-cause mortality: cumulative disadvantage: HR 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26 to 2.06 in men and HR 1.95, 95% CI 1.10 to 3.47 in women; downward mobility: HR 1.87, 95% CI 1.35 to 2.58 in men and HR 2.05, 95% CI 1.12 to 3.75 in women). Associations were strongest for mortality due to chronic diseases (smoking-related cancers and diseases of the circulatory system). These associations were partly explained by marital status, body mass index, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and fruit and vegetable consumption. CONCLUSIONS: In France, where the leading cause of premature death is cancer, lifelong socioeconomic position is associated with the risk of dying before the age of 65 years. Adult factors seem more relevant than childhood socioeconomic circumstances.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Imaging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma].

Pancreatic cancer remains the fourth most common cause of cancer death. Surgery remains the only option for cure. Accurate diagnosis and staging are essential for appropriate management of patients with pancreatic cancer. This paper reviews the state of the art for imaging modalities in the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The crucial role of CT has increased with the new generation of multidetector CT.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2004

Anxiety or depressive disorders and risk of ischaemic heart disease among French power company employees.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine whether depression and anxiety are predictive factors for ischaemic heart disease among adults <60 years. Method A case-control study among active employees of the French nationwide power company (Electricité de France-Gaz de France) analysed men aged 31-55 years who presented an initial clinical form of ischaemic heart disease from 1993 through 1997, collected from the company registry. These 660 men were each matched by age to 10 controls per case. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) were calculated by logistic regression. RESULTS: There was a significant association between ischaemic heart disease and sick-leave for any medical reason in the 3 years before its onset (OR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.50, 2.14). This association was strengthened when only absences for depression and anxiety were considered (OR = 3.10; 95% CI: 2.29, 4.19) and remained important and significant when adjusted for socioeconomic status: OR = 2.66 (95% CI: 1.95, 3.63). A previous sick-leave for depression or anxiety in the 10 years before the heart disease strengthened the association (OR = 3.61; 95% CI: 2.39, 4.45), which was further reinforced by an elevated number (> or =4) of such sick-leaves (OR = 5.11; 95 % CI: 3.11, 8.40). CONCLUSION: Depressive and anxiety disorders that lead to absenteeism seem to be associated with an increased risk of ischaemic heart disease in the 3 years thereafter, especially when depression and anxiety were severe and chronic; this association is independent of socioeconomic status.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed2003

Occupational mobility and risk factors in working men: selection, causality or both? Results from the GAZEL study.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relation between risk factors (RF) and occupational mobility in working men. SETTING: 20 000 volunteers working at the French National Electricity and Gas Company (GAZEL cohort). PARTICIPANTS: Men aged 43 to 53 years in 1992. DESIGN: Three designs were used for analysis. (1) The association between occupational mobility experienced before 1992 and RF reported at that date was analysed among 10 383 men. (2) The predictive role of RF on occupational mobility over 1992-1999 was studied in a subsample of 4715 men. (3) Reciprocally, occupational mobility in 1985-1992 was analysed in relation to RF changes over 1993-1999. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self reported smoking status, excessive alcohol consumption, arterial hypertension, and overweight. Occupational mobility defined by any upward transition between senior executives and professionals/middle executives/employees, and workers. RESULTS: (1) Cross sectionally, non-mobile men as their entry into the company had a higher risk of being smokers, excessive alcohol drinkers, and overweight in 1992 than mobile men. (2) Longitudinally, smokers and excessive alcohol drinkers in 1992 had a higher risk of non-mobility than, respectively, non-smokers and non-excessive alcohol drinkers. (3) Non-mobile men in 1985-1992 had a higher risk of becoming smokers, excessive alcohol drinkers, and hypertensive in 1993-1999 than upwardly mobile men. CONCLUSION: These results suggest a complex relation between RF and occupational mobility. A high level of RF, particularly health behaviours, might account for a selection process reducing upward occupational mobility. In turn, a lack of upward occupational mobility might be associated with an increased incidence of RF.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Alcohol consumption and marital status of French women in the GAZEL cohort: a longitudinal analysis between 1992 and 1996.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research was to describe women's consumption of alcoholic beverages as it related to their marital status over a 5-year period (1992 through 1996) and to study alcohol consumption around the time of marriage or divorce. METHOD: The study sample comprised 4,782 women who worked for Electricité de France-Gaz de France and belonged to the GAZEL cohort. The relevant variables collected by five successive annual questionnaires included marital status and alcohol consumption characteristics. Marginal models were used, reflecting the fact that the data were not independent. RESULTS: Divorcees and widows drank less than married women as measured in fewer glasses per day and fewer days per week drinking wine. Women in the oldest generation drank more than the younger women. Getting married was accompanied by an increased level of drinking, especially of wine, beginning a year before the wedding and lasting until 4 years after it. Consumption declined briefly during the year after a divorce. CONCLUSIONS: These results may be useful for designing prevention programs aimed at groups of women in the general population in France.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Constitution of a bank of biological material in the French Gazel cohort: logistical and practical aspects].

The Gazel cohort was launched in January 1989 among workers of the French national electricity and gas company to form an open and general purpose epidemiological laboratory. More than 20.000 workers (15.000 men, 5.000 women), aged from 35 to 50 volunteered to participate. One of the objectives of this cohort was the constitution of a bank of biological material aiming to collect and preserve various biological samples (serum, plasma, DNA, etc). This paper details the organisation of the bank and presents a feasability study concerning 2.000 volunteers.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Multidetector CT and MRI in pancreatic diseases].

Multidetector CT and MRI are the most efficient non invasive techniques in the assessment of pancreatic diseases. As with MRI, multidetector CT has now become an all in one examination using 2 D and 3 D multiplanar reformations with the ability to perform with high accuracy: a) vascular assessment using MIP reconstruction and b) biliary and pancreatic ducts assessment using minIP reconstruction. This review compares and illustrates the respective advantages of MRI and multidetector CT in the assessment of pancreatic diseases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

Factors associated with self-reporting of chronic health problems in the French GAZEL cohort.

The objective of this study was to examine factors associated with self-reporting of chronic health problems. The self-reports were obtained from a questionnaire sent by mail to the French GAZEL cohort, composed of workers of a French company. The disorders reported in the questionnaire were compared with diagnoses from the sick-leave database of the company. Associations between self-reporting and characteristics were studied by multiple logistic regression analyses. Three types of characteristics were analyzed: individual, methodological and disorder-related (i.e., prevalence of chronic disorders in the general population, probable disability and probable life risk scores). In 1992, the cohort consisted of 16,534 subjects aged 38 to 53 years. The reporting rate (number of self-reports in the questionnaire divided by number of records in the sick-leave database for the disorder considered) varied from 8.9% to 100%. Self-reporting was associated with individual characteristics (gender, family status, place of residence, annual number of sick days and sick leaves), disorder-related characteristics (probable disability, prevalence) and methodological characteristics (precision of the formulation, delay between the last sick-day and the patient report). By body system, the characteristics associated with self-reporting varied greatly but the annual number of sick days, probable disability and precision of formulation were the variables which remained most often in the models. These characteristics should be particularly taken into consideration in the interpretation of epidemiological results based on self-reporting.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Socioeconomic, demographic, occupational, and health factors associated with participation in a long-term epidemiologic survey: a prospective study of the French GAZEL cohort and its target population.

The purpose of this paper is to examine personal and health factors, both at the beginning of the study and thereafter, associated with participation in the GAZEL cohort, set up in 1989 in a large French company. The authors used logistic regression to analyze the associations between participation and data available for both participants (n = 20,093) and nonparticipants (n = 24,829). Higher participation was associated with male sex, marriage, children, managerial status, and residence in particular regions. Among men, lower participation was associated with sick leave in the year before recruitment and afterwards. During follow-up, participation was negatively associated with several groups of diseases, especially those associated with alcohol consumption. The risk of upper respiratory and digestive tract and lung cancer during follow-up was higher among nonparticipants. The same phenomenon occurred among women, but less markedly, for cancers of the breast and genital organs. During follow-up, mortality among men was higher among nonparticipants, especially for alcohol-related diseases. The association among women was less strong. Among men, but not among women, diseases caused by alcohol, smoking, or dangerous behavior were the primary reason for the health differences observed between participants and nonparticipants. Overall, the most important determinants of participation were cultural factors and lifestyle behaviors.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed2001

Do cardiovascular risk factors in men depend on their spouses' occupational category?

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the relationships between major cardiovascular risk factors in French men and their spouses' occupational category (OC), taking their own OC into account. DESIGN: A large sample of volunteers working in the French National Electricity and Gas Company (GAZEL). As a check of the robustness, the same analysis was performed in a population-based survey (French multinational MONItoring of trends and determinants in CArdiovascular disease (MONICA) registers). SETTING: Any site of the company in France. Representative sample from the population of the three registers (Lille, Strasbourg, Toulouse). PARTICIPANTS: 9486 and 534 men respectively, in working activity, living in couple and aged 40 to 50 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-reported arterial hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, leisure time sedentary lifestyle, smoking status, body mass index (BMI) and alcohol consumption. RESULTS: In the GAZEL study, diabetes, smoking status, and alcohol consumption in men were associated with their own OC. In contrast, spouses' OC was independently associated with men's hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, sedentary lifestyle, and BMI: men whose spouses were unoccupied or workers have higher risk factors levels. In the MONICA study, the results were mostly comparable, at least for hypercholesterolemia, sedentary lifestyle, smoking status and alcohol consumption. CONCLUSION: Spouses' OC was independently associated with several cardiovascular risk factors in men. These results might indicate that socioeconomic status of the couple, and not only individual characteristics, should be taken into account for a better understanding of cardiovascular risk.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[ A registry of ischaemic cardiopathies among active workers at Electricité de France-Gaz de France. Program development and first results].

BACKGROUND: The social security department of the French national electric and gas company has established an ischemic heart disease register among a population of about 140 000 employees based on sick leaves as well as deaths recorded with their medical cause. METHODS: History of the illness, medical tests and treatments were known retrospectively from the consulting physicians of the company. Acute coronary events recorded were: inaugural angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, sudden coronary death and fortuitous discovery of coronary disease. RESULTS: A first study conducted on employees during the 1993-1995 period showed infarction incidence age rates similar to those estimated from the French MONICA registers for France as a whole. Regional discrepancies were observed for myocardial infarction rates: Nord-Pas de Calais, Champagne-Ardennes, Lorraine, Franche-Comté and Limousin were at the most elevated risk (SIR=131, 155, 169, 125 and 178 resp). Large variations according to socio-economic status were observed. CONCLUSION: This register will permit studies on the links between socio-economic status at different professional career points and the occurrence of ischemic heart disease and the evaluation of the impact of psychosocial factors such as previous depressive disorders.

Absenteeism↗