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Biomedical subjects

M Zirm

Publications and source records attributed to M Zirm.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Feasibility and efficacy of intensive insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes mellitus in primary care.

To determine the feasibility and efficacy of structured education in intensive insulin therapy (IIT) in patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus commonly attended by primary care physicians, a prospective case-control study was carried out in co-operation with 26 general practitioners in rural Alpine region and the diabetes service at the University of Vienna, Medical School, Austria. From 89 rural Type 1 diabetic patients on conventional insulin therapy (CIT), those volunteering for better diabetes care (n = 52) were trained in IIT in the diabetes education centre and subsequently received their outpatient service by their general practitioners, as did those remaining on CIT (n = 37). Patients were matched as case-controls (n = 36 in each therapy group) for metabolic control at baseline (IIT/CIT: HbA1c 8.2 +/- 1.8 vs 8.1 +/- 2.0%, ns), age, duration of diabetes, incidence of retinopathy and nephropathy. Analysing an observation period of > 4.5 years, patients trained in IIT presented with improved metabolic control as compared to those on CIT (Mean HbA1c: IIT, 6.9 +/- 1.0%; CIT, 7.9 +/- 1.3%, p < 0.05, ANOVA). No difference between groups was, however, observed at the end-point of the study in HbA1c (IIT, 7.3 +/- 1.3%; CIT, 7.8 +/- 1.4%; IIT vs CIT, p = 0.14) and in the development of diabetic microangiopathy, frequency of reported severe hypoglycaemic episodes, and increase in body weight.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Cytologic studies of the aqueous humor to determine immune reactions].

Although corneal grafting is performed on a so-called privileged (i.e., unvascularized) tissue, it is not always successful. Depending on the degree of vascularization of the host cornea (Stages I-IV) allograft reactions occur in 3 to 70% of patients thus treated. In an animal experiment (rabbits) a graft reaction was produced in the anterior chamber of one eye following presensitization with soluble corneal proteins, after implanting corneal tissue in the anterior chamber under the protection of a viscoelastic substance. The same grafting procedure was repeated on the fellow eye without previous sensitization. In the course of the immunoreaction the cell content of both eyes was studied and, 14 days after grafting, the result of aspiration cytology was compared with findings from light-microscopic examinations of the corneal graft and host cornea. A correlation was established between the results of aqueous humor cytology and the cytological findings in the corneal graft. It follows that immunoreactions can be interpreted reliably by aqueous humor aspiration cytology.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Synchronous film-video technic for the demonstration of eye operations. Presentation of the procedure for punctate capsulotomy].

In contrast to all other methods previously tried, the synchronous film-video technique enables eye operations to be viewed intraocularly, making it possible for the first time to view operations on the anterior segment as they are performed. The digital film technique permits, for example, capsulotomy techniques or the implantation of posterior chamber lenses to be viewed and analyzed. The method has a wide range of potential applications.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1984

[Inflammatory eye changes in the mouse caused by herpesvirus. Changes caused by the cytopathogenic effect. An animal model].

The reproducible inflammatory changes caused by infection with herpes simplex virus (Eidolon-Virus) in the anterior segment in mice represent a useful model. They are very similar to severe inflammation of the eye, as seen in herpes simplex infection. The method used by the authors to damage the corneal epithelium with a local anesthetic is similar to human pathology, in which a disturbance of the protective function of the corneal epithelium also facilitates infection by herpes simplex virus as well. The changes described are a starting point for further investigations.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Improvement of differential diagnosis of pigmented changes in the fundus using multispectral image analysis].

On the basis of preliminary investigations completed in 1978 dealing with computer-assisted analysis of infrared photographs of the ocular fundus, multispectral photograph analysis methods were tested as to their usefulness in improving differential diagnosis. The computer used in this case was a process control computer with special peripheral equipment. Computer programs were developed to solve problems relating to photograph analysis and classification. Information obtained by computer processing should prove helpful in the differential diagnosis of pigmented changes in the fundus. Since melanomas cannot always be clearly differentiated by purely visual examination, and since the "extra-visual" spectra are often more easily interpreted with the aid of computerized photograph analysis, this paper presents examples illustrating the anticipated practical value of our investigations.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Induced ocular hypertension: experimental investigations on rabbit eyes].

The distribution of fluorescein introduced into the vitreous or respectively the anterior chamber with and without induced ocular hypertension was investigated. In frozen sections it can be seen clearly that with induced hypertension fluid is forced out of the vitreous into the anterior chamber. An important point is that there was no direct discharge of fluorescein into the choroid.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Differential diagnosis of Takayasu syndrome].

The difficulty of diagnosing the Takayasu syndrome is illustrated with reference to one of the authors' own cases. This rare disease can be the cause of misinterpretations and failure of treatment. In the case described, the patient was suffering from chronic vascular disease which had led not only to cerebral changes but also to an occlusion of the ciliary and retinal vessels.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Initial experiences with Healon].

Healon, a product of Hyaluronic acid which has recently become available, has been used in anterior segment surgery. Despite the fact that optimistic results have been published the authors' aim was to evaluate the use of Healon in animal experiments as well as in clinical surgery. The following five questions were asked: (1) Is it possible to destroy the gel-like structure of Healon by ultrasound? (2) Is it possible to make Healon visible intraocularly by staining methods? (3) Is the protection of corneal endothelial cells by Healon demonstrable? (4) Does the use of Healon cause an increase in intraocular pressure after surgery? (5) Is the use of Healon in ophthalmic surgery an advantage? The results showed that with the exception of question 1, all the above mentioned questions can be answered.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Experiences with calculating intraocular lenses].

The necessity of calculating the refractive power of intraocular lenses in advance is emphasized and the authors' procedure described: Measurement of corneal radii with the Zeiss ophthalmometer, measurement of the bulb length with the A-Scan method, calculation of refractive power and the desired dioptric aniseikonia with the authors' own pocket calculator program using the formulas cited by Gernet. In 74% of the cases the postoperative difference from the pre-calculated refractions is less than 1 D, in 22% up to 2 D and in 4% up to 3 D.

Computers↗
PubMed1982

Protein glaucoma--overtaxing of flow mechanisms? Preliminary report.

A possible reason for secondary glaucoma may be an unphysiological accumulation of proteins or blood in the aqueous humor. A positive Tyndall phenomenon shows an increase in the proteins of the aqueous humor, although a negative Tyndall does not exclude this. This study shows that disruption of blood vessel membrane barriers in the retina and uvea leads to an increase in low molecular weight proteins in the aqueous humor. Contrary to current knowledge, it is discussed that overtaxing of flow mechanisms by these additional proteins can cause so-called protein glaucoma.

Aqueous Humor↗
PubMed1981

[Protein glaucoma, a formerly unknown form of glaucoma].

As a possible reason for a secondary glaucoma generally an unphysiological aggregation of proteins or blood in the aqueous humor is discussed. A positive Tyndall-phenomenon shows an increase of proteins in aqueous humor. We were able to demonstrate earlier that a negative Tyndall-phenomenon does not exclude this as well. In this contribution examples are given that disruption of vessel-membranes in retina and uvea lead to an increase of low molecular proteins in aqueous humor. Contrary to current knowledge we found that an overtaxing of active flow mechanisms by these additional proteins can cause a so-called protein-glucoma.

Aqueous Humor↗
PubMed1980

Immunotherapy in corneal herpes.

Experiments have shown that F(ab)'2-fragments can be demonstrated intracellularly. Herpes simplex antibodies in the form of pepsin-split gamma globulin are effective in cases of dendritic keratitis. An additive effect is seen if local antibody therapy is combined with trifluorothymidine treatment.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗