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Biomedical subjects

M Zoppi

Publications and source records attributed to M Zoppi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Exanthema during frequent use of antibiotics and antibacterial drugs (penicillin, especially aminopenicillin, cephalosporin and cotrimoxazole) as well as allopurinol. Results of The Berne Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring Program].

Of 19,653 patients hospitalized in the medical divisions of two teaching hospitals, 3980 were treated with an aminopenicillin, 808 with other penicillins, 427 with a cephalosporin, 2619 with cotrimoxazole and 846 with allopurinol. The first part of the study deals only with the incidence of exanthemas definitely or probably due to a specific drug on the basis of clinical considerations. The exanthema incidence is 8.0% for aminopenicillins, 4.7% for other penicillins, 1.9% for cephalosporins and 2.8% for cotrimoxazole. The second part of the study employs a cross-tabulation to determine the incidence of exanthemas definitely and probably drug-induced, and the temporal relationship of these reactions to aminopenicillin and allopurinol exposure. The observed risks of developing an exanthema are as follows: aminopenicillin without allopurinol 10.1%, aminopenicillin combined with allopurinol 7.2%, allopurinol without aminopenicillin 3.0%, neither of the two drugs 1.5%. The increased incidence of exanthemas observed by the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program (BCDSP) in patients concomitantly treated with aminopenicillin and allopurinol was not confirmed by our results. Our hypothesis is that the time of exposure to aminopenicillins might have been shorter for patients of the BCDSP who were not treated in connection with neoplastic disease and did not receive allopurinol. The incidence of aminopenicillin induced exanthemas increases severalfold with the duration of exposure time during the first 2-3 weeks. In the CHDMB, on the other hand, exposure time does not differ between the patients treated with aminopenicillin alone or in combination with allopurinol.

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1986

Fall in systolic blood pressure due to metamizol (dipyrone, noramidopyrine, novaminsulfone). Results from the Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring Berne (CHDMB).

A fall in systolic blood pressure which was not accompanied by any other symptoms of anaphylactic shock was first observed in 1972 and 1973 by our team in four patients after they had received metamizol-containing drugs parenterally. Of the 17,407 patients monitored from 1974-1981, ten further cases exhibited a fall in systolic blood pressure within minutes up to six hours after intravenous administration of metamizol. In all of these cases, a causal relationship between drug administration (0.5-2.5 g) and the reaction described was considered 'likely' or even 'definite'. During the same period, 67 arterial hypotensive incidents were registered in connection with other drugs. Between 1976 and 1981, 7 out of 15,678 patients monitored in the Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring Berne (CHDMB) showed this adverse reaction. In relative figures, this represents 0.34% of the 2,053 patients who received parenteral treatment with a metamizol preparation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Significance of age, sex, kidney function, atopy and number of prescriptions for the occurrence of adverse drug reactions, studied by multivariate statistical methods. Results from the Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring Berne (CHDMB)].

UNLABELLED: The influence of five factors (age, sex, renal function, atopy and number of drugs) on the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is analysed by multivariate statistical methods (loglinear models for contingency tables). The study is based on a total of 19,653 inpatients in the "Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring Berne (CHDMB)". RESULTS: 1. The risk of ADRs mainly increases with the number of drugs. 2. Increasing age and female sex are also confirmed as risk factors by these statistical methods. Reduced renal function (increased serum creatinine) is strongly correlated with advancing age. Renal function, however, yields more pertinent information on ADR risk than does age. 3. In atopic and non-atopic patients, the ADR risk is identical. In both groups of patients the same number of drugs was given. If the pathogenetic mechanisms of the ADRs (allergic or pharmacologic in the broad sense) are considered, it is found that atopic patients show a ratio of about 2:1 pharmacologic to allergic reactions, compared to about 3:1 in non-atopic subjects. A reduction in the incidence of ADRs is best attained by even more restricted use of drugs and better and earlier adaptation of drug dosage to diminished renal function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Reducing blood pressure with Dipyron (novaminsulfone sodium)].

A fall in systolic blood pressure without other symptoms of anaphylactic shock has been described following the administration of drugs containing dipyrone. This adverse reaction was first observed in 4 patients by the same team in 1972-1973. Ten further cases with a fall in systolic blood pressure by at least 20 mm Hg occurring within minutes to 6 hours after intravenous administration of dipyrone are presented in this paper. In each of them this adverse reaction was considered to be probable or even definite. During the years 1976-1981 drug exposure was registered for all 15 678 patients of the two medical divisions of Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring Berne. This adverse reaction was found in 7, representing 0.34% of the 2053 patients who received intravenous treatment with a dipyrone preparation.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Drug side effects as the probable cause of death. Results of the Berne Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring Program].

During the years 1974-1980, 19 of 17,285 inpatients of the divisions of internal medicine of two teaching hospitals showed a probable or definite adverse drug reaction (ADR) which was considered to be a major cause of death. In 7 patients the decisive ADR occurred during the hospital stay. The overall mortality from ADR is 0.040%. For each therapeutic group of drugs the following rate of drug-related death was calculated: for anticoagulants 0.047% (3/6378 inpatients), for cardiac glycosides 0.016% (1/6368), for analgesic/antirheumatic drugs 0.014% (1/7112) and for cytostatic drugs 0.38% (2/531). In 12 patients the ADR was already present on hospital admission.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Specific inhibition of benzodiazepine receptor binding by some 6H-indolo[2,3-b] [1,8]naphthyridines and 11H-indolo [3,2-c] [1,8]naphthyridines.

The reactivity of some 6H-indolo[2,3-b] [1,8]naphthyridines (II) and 11H-indolo[3,2-c] [1,8]naphthyridines (III) in displacing specific [3H] diazepam binding from bovine brain membranes was examined. All the indolonaphthyridines tested are active and show a higher activity than indole and tryptophan. The inhibition is due to direct interaction with the benzodiazepine binding sites. Some structure-activity relationships are discussed.

Animals↗