Biomedical subjects

M el-Desouki

Publications and source records attributed to M el-Desouki.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1999

Features of hepatic cavernous hemangioma on planar and SPECT Tc-99m-labeled red blood cell scintigraphy.

PURPOSE: To determine the value and diagnostic accuracy of planar and SPECT Tc-99m-labeled red blood cell (Tc-99m RBC) scintigraphy in the investigation of suspected hepatic cavernous hemangioma as found on ultrasound. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred patients, 89 women (89%) and 11 men (11%), between 22 and 67 years old (mean age, 38 years) were evaluated for liver masses found on abdominal ultrasound. All the patients had previous Tc-99m RBC scintigraphy. The size of the lesions ranged from 1 to 9 cm. The final diagnosis was reached through cytologic biopsy, or histopathologic tests (or all of these). RESULTS: One hundred thirty lesions were found. With regard to the distribution of the lesions, 116 (89%) were single; 14 (3%) were multiple, with 118 (91%) in the right lobe and 12 (9%) in the left lobe; 83 (64%) were posterior; and 47 (36%) were anterior. With respect to the pattern of radioactivity fill-in, 86 (66%) lesions were typical and 44 (34%) were atypical. The results of Tc-99m RBC scintigraphy showed sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive and accuracy values of 97%, 83%, 98%, 77%, and 96% respectively. The use of SPECT improved the sensitivity value by 11% for lesions of 1 to 2 cm. CONCLUSIONS: Tc-99m RBC scintigraphy is the noninvasive technique most helpful in the diagnosis of hepatic hemangioma, especially in those at risk for lesion rupture or bleeding. SPECT should be performed whenever planar imaging fails to show the lesion by 2 hours. The use of ultrasound should precede scintigraphy for two important reasons: the size and the location of the lesion. Location of the lesion (anterior or posterior) is important for optimal gamma camera acquisition parameters. Lesions less than 1 cm are cannot be detected because they are beyond the limit of spatial resolution of the gamma camera we used.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Thyroid scintigraphy and perchlorate discharge test in the diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism.

Quantitative thyroid scanning using low doses of technetium-99m sodium pertechnetate was performed on 147 infants (55 males and 92 females) with congenital hypothyroidism detected through the national neonatal screening programme. Thirty-two (21.8%) were athyrotic, while 62 (42.2%) had an ectopic thyroid and 53 (36%) had a eutopic gland with increased 99mTc uptake (mean 17%; range, 5%-38%). The perchlorate discharge test (PDT) was performed in nine of the infants with ectopic glands and 15 with eutopic glands; the findings were consistent with an organification defect in 22 cases (seven ectopic and 15 eutopic). Thyroid scintigraphy and PDT can add useful aetiological, genetic and prognostic information in the clinical evaluation of infants with congenital hypothyroidism detected by neonatal screening.

Choristoma↗

PubMed1995

Bone scintigraphy and densitometry in children with osteopetrosis.

Bone scintigraphy and dual x-ray absorptiometry were performed in 18 children (8 males, 10 females) with clinical and radiologic diagnoses of osteopetrosis in order to demonstrate the scintigraphic features of this rare disorder and to measure the bone mineral density. Their mean age was 9 years (range, 3-16 years). Bone scintigraphy demonstrated characteristic features of a widened metaphysis of all long bones that showed increased tracer uptake, particularly in the distal femur and proximal tibia. Dual x-ray absorptiometry of the lumbar spine, three femoral sites, and total body showed a marked increase in bone mineral density. The mean values for bone density of the lumbar spine and greater trochanter were markedly elevated than were other sites. Compared with a normal group matched for age and gender, the increase in bone mineral density was 181% for the lumbar spine and 193% for the greater trochanter. The authors concluded that bone imaging and bone densitometry are useful in establishing the diagnosis of osteopetrosis by demonstrating increase tracer uptake in the widened metaphysis and increased bone density. Bone densitometry may be of prognostic value in follow-up, especially in monitoring the response to therapy.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗

PubMed1994

Contribution of ventilation and perfusion lung imaging to the management of patients with bronchiectasis.

Sixty patients were studied with ventilation-perfusion (V-P) lung scans for suspected bronchiectasis. Bronchography showed bronchiectatic changes in 51 patients. Lobar and segmental matched defects were seen on V-P scans in 53 patients, of which only 46 were true positives (sensitivity 90%). V-P lung scans showed the site and extent of bronchiectatic lesions; 48 (72.7%) in the left lung and 18 (27.3%) in the right lung. Detection of associated chronic obstructive airway disease by V-P scans in 17 patients had prognostic value in postsurgery recovery time and improvement of symptoms. This may be a potential new application to the routine use of V-P lung scan in the presurgery work-up of patients with bronchiectasis. Our results showed that bronchography should not be performed on patients with preserved lung perfusion.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Role of radionuclide venography in the detection of proximal deep vein thrombosis: a prospective comparative study.

The role of radionuclide techniques in the investigation of thromboembolic disease has been re-evaluated. Forty-eight patients suspected of having embolic lung disease (PE) or deep venous thrombosis (DVT) were studied prospectively and investigated with radionuclide venography and ventilation/perfusion lung scintigraphy. Thirty-two also underwent contrast venography and peripheral 99Tcm-labelled red blood cell scintigraphy. Both radionuclide techniques were compared to each other and against the 'gold-standard'. The overall agreement and disagreement rates were 89 and 11% for radionuclide venography and 88 and 12% for radionuclide blood pool venography. The overall sensitivity and specificity were 90 and 73% for radionuclide venography and 88 and 82% for radionuclide blood pool venography. The blood pool technique did not perform better than radionuclide venography which was valuable in the detection of DVT and confirmation of PE. Radionuclide venography appears useful especially in patients suspected of having PE and DVT.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Uncommon scintigraphic findings of multiple hepatic hemangiomas.

Tc-99m labeled red blood cell scintigraphy is a valuable, noninvasive technique for differentiating hepatic hemangioma from other lesions by demonstrating a "perfusion blood pool mismatch." The characteristic finding on dynamic CT scan of peripheral and subsequent central enhancement is not usually seen on Tc-99m RBC angiography, probably due to rapid mixing and dilution of the radionuclide and low resolution of the gamma camera. A case of multiple hepatic hemangioma is presented in which Tc-99m RBC dynamic angiography demonstrated peripheral enhancement with subsequent central filling. In addition, delayed static images showed more hepatic lesions.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Tl-201 thyroid imaging in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules.

To evaluate the value of Tl-201 thyroid imaging in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules, 58 patients with histologically proven thyroid masses were studied. The nature of the thyroid tumor was initially assessed by Tc-99m scans. Early and delayed Tl-201 thyroid imaging were performed in all patients, and thallium uptake and clearance in the cold nodules were assessed visually. Of the 20 patients with histologically proven malignant nodules, 19 showed increased Tl-201 activity in both the early and delayed images, indicating a sensitivity of 95%. On the other hand, 35 out of the 38 patients with benign nodules showed no increased thallium activity in the nodules on the delayed images, indicating a specificity of 92%. When early thallium images were analyzed separately, the sensitivity was 100% but the specificity was only 37%. By combining early and delayed Tl-201 images, differentiation between benign and malignant cold nodules is feasible. False-positive and false-negative cases will be discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Skeletal brucellosis: assessment with bone scintigraphy.

To assess the usefulness of bone scintigraphy in the detection of bone and joint abnormalities in brucellosis and show the pattern and frequency of such abnormalities at scintigraphy, bone scans in 214 patients with brucellosis and musculoskeletal symptoms were retrospectively analyzed. Bone scans were abnormal at a total of 319 sites in 196 patients (91.6%); 102 patients (47.7%) had multiple skeletal abnormalities. Plain radiographs were abnormal in 52 of 214 patients (24.3%). The sacroiliac joints were the most commonly affected site (142 patients [72.4%]); bilateral involvement of these joints occurred in 92 patients (46.9%). The sternoclavicular joints were affected in 32 patients (16.3%); costovertebral junctions, eight patients (4.1%); and symphysis pubis, three patients (1.5%). It is concluded that scintigraphy is sensitive in detection of skeletal brucellosis and should be performed when screening patients with brucellosis and musculoskeletal symptoms.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Hashimoto's thyroiditis presenting as hot and cold nodules.

A case of Hashimoto's thyroiditis is presented. I-123 thyroid scintigraphy demonstrated a hot nodule in the left lobe and a cold nodule in the right, which was well visualized by Tl-201 imaging. This unusual scintigraphic appearance is demonstrated, and its possible explanation discussed.

Female↗

PubMed1989

Pheochromocytoma in the organ of Zukerkandl: I-131 MIBG scintigraphic localization.

Scintigraphic localization of an extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma in a 27 year-old female with clinical and biochemical evidence of the disease is presented. While both ultrasonography and computed tomography were negative, I-131 MIBG scintigraphy successfully localized the extra-adrenal lesion in the organ of Zukerkandl.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Osteopetrosis in children.

Over a 10-year period, 28 Arab children with autosomal recessive osteopetrosis were seen in two hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Eighteen (64%) had osteopetrosis associated with metabolic acidosis probably due to a renal tubular defect; nine (32%) had a malignant infantile form of osteopetrosis and one had a mild form with delayed onset. Parental consanguinity was 56% and 40% among patients with and without acidosis respectively. Somatic and psychomotor retardation and recurrent bone fractures were common in both groups. Dental caries, cerebral calcification and optic atrophy were more frequent in patients with acidosis, while anaemia, hepatosplenomegaly and deafness were more common in patients without acidosis. To guarantee optimal rehabilitation, children with this progressive disease require an early multiteam approach.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗