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Biomedical subjects

M-O Grimm

Publications and source records attributed to M-O Grimm.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Future of chemotherapy].

The future development of chemotherapy is derived based upon recent advances. With regard to adjuvant therapy a trend towards standardized prediction of recurrence risk using all available prognostic markers (e.g., nomograms) is observed. Furthermore, in some tumors major progress has been made regarding the development of "molecular classifiers" defining tumor biology (predicting clinical outcome) by analysis of molecular changes. In adjuvant therapy considerable advances may be achieved by use of new chemotherapeutic agents as well as sequential, dose-dense and dose-intensified regimens. However, in metastatic disease no breakthrough can be expected at least with regard to survival suggesting that quality of life needs to be addressed with more emphasis. Using targeted drugs alone or in combination with chemotherapy advances concerning adjuvant therapy as well as metastatic disease are observed. Further targeted drugs have entered clinical development. However, clarification of the relation between detection of the target(s) and drug activity will fundamentally change current treatment concepts.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2004

[Microarrays].

Microarrays allow a simultaneous gene expression analysis of thousands of genes, providing an expression profile of the specimen investigated. Thus, this procedure is well suited to characterize the complex genetic alterations of malignant tumors. Using unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis, characteristic expression profiles for individuals, organs and tissues, as well as for different cell types, can be identified. Molecular signatures have been observed in tumors compared to normal tissue, for different tumor stages, risk groups or response therapy. In prostate cancer, many tumor-specific gene expression alterations have been identified. Among these, the cell surface protease hepsin and alpha-methyl-acryl-CoA-racemase might gain importance as diagnostic tools. Moreover, gene expression profiles were identified which are associated with advanced tumor stage, poor differentiation or progress after radical prostatectomy. Increased expression of enzymes of steroid biosynthesis and the androgen receptor appears to be part of the molecular signature of hormone refractory prostate cancer.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMed2003

[Perspectives for molecular diagnostics exemplified by urothelial bladder carcinoma].

The rapidly growing knowledge of molecular mechanisms will change the daily routine of clinicians in the near future. Regarding urothelial bladder carcinoma, one may expect that molecular diagnostics will identify patients susceptible to disease development by screening their genotype. Furthermore, in addition to histopathologic findings, prognostic markers will be used for disease management. In an ongoing multicenter trial, the decision on whether or not to treat patients with adjuvant chemotherapy after cystectomy is based on their p53 status. In the near future, cytostatic medications are expected to be chosen according to genetic profiles of the tumor or patient. New medications, which target tumor-specific alterations of cell-signaling cascades in bladder or other cancers, prominently inhibitors of the ERBB membrane receptor family, are currently under clinical investigation and will undoubtedly form an important part of therapeutic oncologic regimens. In conclusion, evaluation of gene profiles of tumors and patients will gain importance for clinicians.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMed2002

Clinical outcome of patients with lymph node positive prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy versus androgen deprivation.

OBJECTIVE(S): To compare the outcome of patients with stage D1 (TxN+M0) prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy or androgen deprivation alone. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty-two patients treated for lymph node positive prostate cancer were retrospectively analyzed for time to progression, tumor-specific and overall survival. Furthermore, subsequent tumor and treatment related morbidity requiring intervention including frequency and duration of associated hospital stays was recorded. RESULTS: The extent of lymph node metastasis was significantly lower in 50 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (+/- early androgen deprivation) compared to 32 receiving androgen deprivation only. The treatment groups, however, did not differ with regard to other characteristics including age, comorbidity, stage, grade and preoperative PSA. Mean actuarial progression-free, and tumor-specific survival was significantly longer for the radical prostatectomy patients (36% and 47%, respectively at 10 years) compared to androgen deprivation (15% and 32%, respectively). The latter group required more secondary interventions resulting in more frequent and overall longer hospital stays. CONCLUSIONS: Patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for stage D1 prostate cancer possibly benefit with regard to the necessity for secondary interventions and, at least for limited (solitary) nodal disease, in terms of progression-free and tumor-specific survival. However, the latter observation may be biased by a larger extent of lymph node metastasis in the androgen deprivation group.

Aged↗