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Biomedical subjects

Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz

Publications and source records attributed to Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Is the polycystic ovary syndrome associated with chronic inflammation per se?

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), TNF-soluble receptors, and IL-6 in obese women without additional diseases and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). STUDY DESIGN: The study group consisted of 39 obese women with PCOS and 34 age-matched obese women without additional disease were included as controls. Blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured by the enzymatic procedure. Plasma insulin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), androstenedione, total and free testosterone, cortisol, progesterone, 17OH-progesterone, estradiol, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured by a commercial radioimmunoassay (RIA). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), soluble TNF receptors (sTNFRs), and IL-6 were determined by an ELISA. RESULTS: We did not observe any differences in serum concentrations of TNF-alpha between obese women with and without PCOS. Serum concentrations of sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 were significantly higher in PCOS patients compared with controls; however, serum concentrations of IL-6 were significantly lower in PCOS patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that PCOS is not associated with chronic inflammation.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Relationship between serum resistin concentration and proinflammatory cytokines in obese women with impaired and normal glucose tolerance.

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of resistin in obese women with and without insulin resistance. We compared serum concentrations of resistin with interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), soluble TNF receptors 1 and 2, and certain anthropometric and metabolic parameters in 26 obese women (body mass index [BMI], 35.8 +/- 4.12 kg/m2) and 15 healthy control women (BMI, 22.32 +/- 1.89 kg/m2). Fasting serum resistin and inflammatory cytokine levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay. Insulin resistance was measured by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-R) formula. Compared with lean controls, obese women showed higher HOMA-R values and levels of insulin and increased values of TNF-alpha, soluble TNF receptors, and IL-6. There was no significant difference in resistin levels between the investigated groups of obese women and lean subjects. The results showed that serum resistin concentrations did not correlate with BMI, HOMA, fasting plasma glucose level, or fasting plasma insulin level. Serum resistin correlated with fat mass and IL-6 in the group with impaired glucose tolerance (obese group) (r = 0.51, P < .05, and r = 0.37, P < .05, respectively) and with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = -0.39, P < .05) in the same group. The groups we examined are relatively small; it is likely that with a larger number of subjects, the correlation in other obese women groups may achieve statistical significance. It seems that resistin may be linked with inflammation and obesity and, indirectly, with insulin resistance.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Obesity and overweight prevalence in Polish 7- to 9-year-old children.

OBJECTIVE: Secular trend in childhood obesity is a well-known phenomenon, and it is important to monitor it in cross-sectional studies. The study aim was to estimate prevalence of obesity and overweight in Polish 7- to 9-year-old children and to compare the results with a French study based on the same protocol. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: The study was conducted in 2001 according to the protocol of the European Childhood Obesity Group. Height and weight were measured, and BMI was calculated to define nutritional status in a randomly selected group of 2916 (1445 girls and 1471 boys) primary school children. Obesity and overweight were estimated according to International Obesity Task Force references with curve for obesity and overweight passing through 30 and 25 kg/m(2) at age 18, respectively. RESULTS: Overweight (including obesity) was found in 15.4% of Polish children (in 15.8% of girls and 15.0% of boys) and obesity in 3.6% (3.7% of girls and 3.6% of boys) compared with 18.1% of overweight and 3.8% of obese children in French study. There was no significant difference in nutrition status between Polish and French children except for higher frequency of overweight in French 9-year-old boys. The same trend of decreasing overweight through age classes was observed in both populations. DISCUSSION: The prevalence of obesity and overweight (including obesity) in prepubertal children estimated in two European countries according to the same protocol and using the same references showed little differences between the two populations despite higher prevalence of obesity in Polish than French adults.

Body Mass Index↗
PubMed2005

[Nitric oxide in physiology and pathology of metabolism].

Adipose tissue generates many bioactive substances, which may exert autocrine, paracrine and endocrine effects. Recent studies have revealed, that one of these substances is nitric oxide. There are observed increased expressions of synthases NO (eNOS and iNOS) in adipose tissue in obesity. It seems that these increased expression NOS is reflected by increased serum concentration of NO in obese subjects. The review of the current literature on role of nitric oxide in physiology and pathology metabolism is presented in this paper.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2005

[The effect of xantham gum on satiety status of obese patients after test meal].

Investigation of soluble fiber-xantham gum on hunger, satiety and epigastric fullness in obese subjects. 21 obese women: age 40.7 +/- 17, BMI 35.4 +/- 5.7 otherwise healthy, actually non dieting. Eating behavior was assessed by Three Factor Eating Behavior Questionnaire (TFEBQ) by evaluating eating restrain, dysinhibition and hunger. Satiety, hunger and epigastric fullness were assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) and 7-point ratings scale before ingestion of test meal (ham sandwich--90 kcal) and in 20 min intervals during 2-hour observation. The study was done twice: with fiber and with placebo. Ingestion of test meal with drug and placebo causes statistical significant reduction in hunger and increase in satiety feelings in both groups. Afterwards during 2-hour observation the significant increase in hunger was observed. There were no differences in hunger, satiety and epigastric feelings between both groups. The significant positive correlation between third factor of TFEBQ (hunger) and BMI index was found. (r = 48, p < 0.05). 0.5 g of xanthan fiber with test meal didn't cause significant change of satiety. It is probably the effect of too low dose of xantham gum.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[The role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) in control of metabolism].

Tumor necrosis factor is multifunctional cytokine involved in various cell functions, such as differentiation, mitosis, angiogenesis, inflammation and immune controls. TNF-alpha plays also an important role in the control of metabolism. Its action on adipocytes includes increasing secretion of triglicerydes and inhibiting insulin action, controlling expression of some genes and modulating free fatty acid and leptin secretion. The review of the current literature on the TNF-alpha role in metabolism is presented in this paper.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2004

Effect of weight reduction on serum ghrelin and TNFalpha concentrations in obese women.

Background: Ghrelin causes weight gain by increasing food intake in rodents. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) is produced by adipose tissue, modulates its metabolism and stimulates catabolic processes. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether weight loss treatment modulates serum concentrations of TNFalpha and ghrelin in obese women. Methods: The study groups included 46 women: 35 obese patients and 11 controls. Serum concentrations of ghrelin and TNFalpha were measured by ELISA before and after a 3-month weight reduction treatment that consisted of a 1000 kcal/day diet and physical exercises. Body composition was determined by impedance analysis using Bodystat. Results: There were no differences in plasma ghrelin concentrations between obese patients and controls. TNFalpha serum levels were higher in obese patients than in controls (p=0.000). The mean weight loss over the 3-month treatment period was 8.7+/-4.5 kg. Following weight loss, serum ghrelin concentration increased significantly (66.3+/-13.7 vs. 73.7+/-14.8 pg/ml; p=0.002) and TNFalpha concentrations decreased significantly (6.9+/-2.6 vs. 5.2+/-1.5 pg/ml; p=0.002). Ghrelin did not show a correlation with weight or percentage of body fat. There was a positive correlation between the increase in ghrelin and the decrease in body fat percentage during weight loss (p=0.002). Conclusion: The increase in serum ghrelin and the decrease in serum TNFalpha, as observed after weight reduction treatment in obese subjects, may constitute a counter-regulatory mechanism preventing further weight loss.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Serum concentrations of nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and TNF soluble receptors in women with overweight and obesity.

The aims of the present study was to examine how overweight and obesity affect serum concentrations nitric oxide (NO) metabolites and to determine whether there is association between serum concentrations tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and TNF soluble receptors (sTNF-R) in subjects with overweight and obesity. The study groups involved 154 women: 102 obese (81 obese with body mass index [BMI] 30 to 40 kg/m2 and 21 obese with BMI > 40 kg/m2), 24 overweight patients, and 28 lean controls. Serum concentrations of NO metabolites and of TNF-alpha and its soluble receptors (sTNF-R1, sTNFR-2) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Serum concentration of insulin was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Plasma glucose, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, and triglicerydes were determined by enzymatic procedure. Body composition was determined by impedance analysis using Bodystat (Douglas, British Isles). Serum concentrations of NO in the overweight group (35.1 +/- 12.1 micromol/L) and the obese groups with BMI 30 to 40 kg/m2 (32.8 +/- 9.3 micromol/L) and with BMI greater than 40 kg/m2 (33.3 +/- 8.5 micromol/L) were significantly higher when compared to controls (28.2 +/- 8.1 micromol/L): P < .05; P < .01, and P < .01, respectively. There was no difference in levels of NO between the overweight group and both obese groups. Serum concentration of TNF-alpha was also significantly higher in the group with overweight (6.5 +/- 3.1 pg/mL), in the obese group with BMI 30 to 40 kg/m2 (6.8 +/- 3.1 pg/mL), and in the obese group with BMI greater than 40 kg/m2 (7.4 +/- 2.6 pg/mL) when compared to controls (2.9 +/- 2.2 pg/mL): P < .00005; P < .00005, and P < .0000001, respectively. However, serum concentrations of sTNF-R1 and -R2 did not differ significantly between the overweight group, both obese groups, and controls. In conclusion, we observed increased serum concentrations of TNF-alpha and NO in overweight and obese women. It seems that there is an association between serum concentrations of TNF-alpha and NO; however, this relationship depends on the degree of obesity.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Sibutramine administration in polycystic ovary syndrome treatment].

Obesity is considered important factor contributing development of PCOS. Insulin resistance, low level of serum SHBG and activation of pituitary-adrenal axis plays a major role in pathogenesis and symptoms of PCOS. The achievement of weight loss is an important factor in treatment of PCOS, but difficulties with adherences to the dietary regiment discourage physicians to use this method. In our paper we would like to show the effectiveness of such treatment and pay attention to possibilities of drug facilities in dietary approach in treatment of PCOS coexisting with obesity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Evaluation of gastric motility in obesity].

UNLABELLED: There are conflicting information about differences of gastric emptying rate between lean and obese subjects and lack of information concerning antral motility in both groups. It has been suggested that obesity is associated with an altered rate of gastric emptying, but the results of earlier studies examining gastric emptying rates in obesity have proved inconsistent. AIM: The purpose of this study was to compare gastric emptying rate and antral motility in obese and lean subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Gastric antral motility and gastric emptying were measured after consumption of sweet omelette in 2 groups of patients: 10 obese (BMI mean = 33.18) and 10 lean subjects (BMI mean = 22.16) using a scintigraphic technique. Lag phase was assessed by physiologic and mathematic approach. Gastric area was calculated using a computer programme (Diacam-Siemens). RESULTS: There was no difference in gastric emptying profiles; the mean gastric contents after 2 hours of assessment in obese and lean groups was 69% and 71.6%, respectively. Gastric antral motility parameters such as contraction amplitude and frequency, relaxation and contraction time were not differing between the groups. Only in the 90th minute of the assessment a significant difference in contraction time was found. There were also no differences in gastric area and duration of lag phase. No significant correlation between height, BMI, gastric area and body area was found in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: There are no differences in the rate of gastric emptying and gastric antral motility between lean and obese subjects. No correlation between BMI, height, body area and gastric area was found. This findings deny the common opinion suggesting that obese people have bigger stomach which empties more rapidly than in lean subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Effect of chitosan in complex management of obesity].

UNLABELLED: The aim of the present study was to verify the effect of chitosan as a possible adjuvant in the complex management of obesity. METHOD: Fifty obese women (22-59 years, BMI > 30) participated in the study. A six months program consisted of 2-hour meetings with a physician, psychologist and dietitian, in a group of about 20 persons, every two weeks. Low calorie diet (1000 kcal/day), physical activity and behaviour modification were recommended. Supplementation with chitosan was evaluated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. In the chitosan group, participants received ChitininN (Primex Ingredients ASA, Avaldsnes, Norway) i.e. 750 mg pure chitosan per tablet, two tablets three times daily before each main meal. The placebo group received identical placebo tablets. RESULTS: Significantly higher body weight loss was noted in the chitosan-supplemented group (15.9 kg) than in the placebo group (10.9 kg) Also a greater decrease of systolic and diastolic blood pressure was observed in the chitosan group. There was no difference between the groups in the decrease of LDL and total cholesterol. No adverse effects were noted but the number of drop-outs was higher in the placebo group than in the chitosan group. CONCLUSION: Chitosan can be used as a valuable and safe adjuvant in long-term dietary treatment of obesity. Chitosan seems to accentuate the reduction of blood pressure associated with weight reduction.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[The influence of three-months weight reducing treatment on eating behavior in obese women].

The effectiveness of weight reducing treatment and maintaining of reduced weight depends in great extend on changing patient's food preferences and it can be achieved through nutritional education and through patients self-esteem. Estimation of changes in eating behaviour in obese women during 3 months of weight reducing treatment carried by doctors, dietician and psychotherapist. 3 months of weight reducing treatment resulted in weight loss of 9.1%. Percentage of animal fats in the meals was significantly reduced and the percentage of complex carbohydrates (fruit and vegetables) and low-fat protein products was increased. The change of a diet structure was accompanied by a symptomatic decrease of preferences of simple carbohydrates and animal fats as well as protein products. 3 months of weight reducing group treatment resulted not only in a reduction of weight but also in modification of eating behaviour. The beneficial change of food preferences which influenced the composition of the consumed meals seems to be good predictor of a long-term effect of the treatment. The most favourable results of the weight reducing treatment can be obtained by group therapy using eating education and psychotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor TNFalpha and its soluble receptors in obese women with diabetes type 2 and without additional disease].

INTRODUCTION: TNF-alpha is one with mediators insulin resistance. Previous study showed, that in obesity there is an increased synthesis of TNF-alpha by fat cells and serum concentrations of TNF-alpha. The aim of present study was: 1. To assess of serum concentrations of TNF-alpha and TNF soluble receptors sTNFRs in obese women with diabetes type 2 and obese women without additional disease. 2. To assess possible association between of manner treatment of diabetes type 2 and serum concentrations of TNF-alpha and TNF soluble receptors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group's involved 23 obese women with diabetes type 2 - group A (age 63.6 +/- 8.2 lat; BMI 32.7 +/- 3,9 kg/m2) in this 12 treated of derivatives of sulfonylurea (age 65.1 +/- 6.6 lat; BMI 32.0 +/- 3.4 kg/m2) - subgroup AI and 11 insulin treated (age 62.1 +/- 9.7 lat; BMI 33.4 +/- 4.4 kg/m2) - subgroup AII and 23 obese women without additional disease and without any pharmacological treatment - group B (age 36.6 +/- 10.9 lat; BMI 36.6 +/- 5.6 kg/m2). Body weight and height were measured, body mass index was calculated with formula. Serum concentrations of glucose was measured by enzymatic procedure. Serum concentrations of TNF-alpha and it's soluble receptors sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 was measured by ELISA. and sTNFR2 were significant decreased (respectively p <0,005 i p <0,001) in group A when compared to group B. There are not significant differences serum concentration of TNF-alpha and its soluble receptors between subgroups AI and AII. CONCLUSIONS: 1. In obese women with diabetes type 2 serum concentration of TNF-alpha increased and concentrations of its soluble receptors decreased when compared to obese without additional disease. 2. The treatment meaner of diabetes type 2 not influence of serum concentration of TNF-alpha and sTNFR1 but application of insulin maybe a cause increase activity sTNFR2.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Impact of the mass-reductive therapy with orlistat on 25-(OH)-D3 and PTH concentration in sera of obese, menopausal women].

UNLABELLED: Epidemiological studies suggest a protective influence of obesity against postmenopausal bone loss. Lower risk of osteoporotic fractures was described in obese patients. However there were only a few studies which examined the effect of weight reduction on bone metabolism and results of these studies are controversial. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of weight reduction program using Orlistat on bone metabolism in perimenopausal women. Twenty obese women with simple obesity and without concomitant diseases (BMI 37.1 +/- 3.0 kg/m2, mean age 49.8 +/- 4.6 yrs) were enrolled into this study. The control group consisted of 20 healthy women (mean age 53.5 +/- 5.4 yrs, BMI 24.1 +/- 2.2 kg/m2). All patients have participated in a 3-month weight reduction therapy that consisted of: a 1000-1200 kcal/ day balanced diet (daily calcium consumption about 500mg), Orlistat 3 x 120mg a day and regular physical exercises. Before the weight reduction therapy and after 10% reduction of body weight, serum concentrations of PTH, 25-(OH)-D3, total calcium and phosphorus, total cholesterol were assessed. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA method) of lumbar spine and femoral neck, measuring BMD was performed once, after a 3-month weight reduction therapy using Lunar DPXL. All these measurements were performed only once in control subjects. After a 3-month weight reduction program in patients treated with Orlistat the mean weight loss was 11.6 +/- 5.1 kg which is 12.1 +/- 4.78 %. BMI decreased from 37.1 +/- 3.0 kg/m2 at baseline to 32.6 +/- 2.7 kg/m2 post-treatment. The body weight reduction resulted in significant decrease of body fat and total cholesterol concentration. In obese subjects serum concentration of 25-(OH)-D3 was significantly lower and serum concentration of PTH was significantly higher in comparison to healthy controls, both before and after weight reduction therapy. Serum concentration of PTH, 25-(OH)-D3, total calcium and phosphorus did not change significantly after therapy with Orlistat. CONCLUSION: 3-month weight reduction program using Orlistat did not influence significantly bone metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of weight loss on serum concentration of interleukine-6 (IL-6) and insulin resistance].

INTRODUCTION: Interleukine-6 (IL-6) is one of the cytokines, excreting by adipocytes, which increases in obesity. These cytokines participate in very complicated mechanisms of developing insulin resistance that accompany obesity. The aim of the study was to: 1) evaluate the influence of weight loss on insulin resistance and serum concentration of IL-6, 2) evaluate the hypothetical association between serum concentration of IL-6 and the improvement of insulin sensitivity in obese women after weight loss. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 27 obese women (age 40.3 +/- 11.1 year; BMI 37.4 +/- 5.2 kg/m(2)) with insulin resistance diagnosed using HOMA index, without concomitant diseases and without any medication. All the patients participated in complex weight reduction treatment (diet, physical activity and psychotherapy). Before and after weight reduction therapy weight and height were measured, body composition was determined using bioimpedance analysis. Serum concentration of glucose was determined by enzymatic procedure, serum concentration of insulin was measured by radioimmunoassay, serum concentration of IL-6 was measured by ELISA. HOMA index was calculated with formula. RESULTS: The mean weight loss after 3-month was 9.2 +/- 4.5 kg (approximately 10% of initial weight). After weight reduction significant decreases in HOMA index, insulin and IL-6 concentrations was observed. However, no correlations between changes in insulin concentrations, HOMA index and decrease of IL-6 concentration were showed. We observed significant correlations between DeltaHOMA and DeltaBMI (r = 0.48; p = 0.012) and Delta percentage fat mass (r = 0.39; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A moderate weight loss improves insulin sensitivity and decreases serum concentrations of IL-6. However improvement of insulin sensitivity is the effect of fat mass reduction and does not change serum concentration of IL-6.

Adipocytes↗