Biomedical subjects

Makoto Nishina

Publications and source records attributed to Makoto Nishina.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

A case with membranous lupus nephritis developing after a twenty-year remission of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.

A 30-year-old woman who showed remission of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) 20 years previously developed membranous lupus nephritis (MLN). She had photosensitivity, facial erythema, proteinuria of 2.59 g/24 hr, anti-nuclear antibody and anti-ds-DNA antibody. To confirm whether a misdiagnosis of MPGN was made 20 years ago, the clinical data at that time were evaluated retrospectively. She had only mild proteinuria and hematuria but no photosensitivity or facial erythema. Anti-nuclear antibody was negative. Renal biopsy showed occasional lobulation and glomerular capillary double contour. The diagnosis of MPGN was definite. This might be a rare case of one person suffering from two types of glomerulonephritis, MPGN and MLN.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Clinical significance of IgM deposition in the mesangium and mesangial hypercellularity in adult minimal change nephrotic syndrome].

Minimal change nephrotic syndrome(MCNS) typically shows no abnormalities in light microscopy. However, there are some minor light microscopic abnormalities that are considered to be MCNS variants. In pediatric nephrology, some researchers have reported that IgM deposition in the mesangium and mesangial hypercellularity are related to the response to steroid therapy and the long-term course. However, it is not clear whether IgM deposition in the mesangium and mesangial hypercellularity is responsible for the clinical course or the steroid response of patients with adult MCNS. To investigate the clinical importance of IgM deposition in the mesangium and mesangial hypercellularity, clinical records, follow up data, and renal samples of 47 patients with MCNS were reviewed. We also compared the histological data with those of a normal control group (n = 5). In our study, the presence of mesangial IgM deposition did not predict the patient's clinical course or responsiveness to steroid therapy. Increase in the number of nuclei in the glomeruli and PAS-positive area also did not correlate with the clinical course or responsiveness to steroid therapy. The data suggest that mesangial IgM deposits and increased mesangial cellularity in adult MCNS may not predict the clinical course or steroid response. However, we investigated only 47 samples in this study, therefore, further studies are necessary to identify the importance of IgM deposition in the mesangium and mesangial hypercellularity in adult MCNS.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Case of rheumatoid arthritis with various histological lesions of the kidney].

We experienced a case of rheumatoid arthritis with nephrotic syndrome. A renal biopsy specimen from this patient showed various renal histological changes. The patient was a 50-year-old man who was diagnosed as having rheumatoid arthritis in 1987. We performed a renal biopsy because he had persistent proteinuria from March in 2002. The renal biopsy specimen showed amyloid AA and P protein deposition in the glomeruli. Moreover mild mesangial proliferation was recognized. IgA-deposition in the mesangial area, and granular-deposition of IgG along the glomerular capillary wall were also observed. In electron microscopy, electron dense deposits were recognized in the mesangial area and subepithelium of the glomerular basement membrane. From these findings, we diagnosed amyloid nephropathy, IgA nephritis and membranous nephropathy. Renal biopsy of patients with RA is useful not only for precise diagnosis, but also for selection of the appropriate treatment.

Amyloid Neuropathies↗

PubMed2005

Relationship between gastric mucosal IL-8 levels and histological gastritis in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection.

To determine the role of host immune responses in H. pylori infection, we examined the relationship between gastric mucosal IL-8 levels and histological gastritis in patients with H. pylori infection. Biopsy tissue obtained from 99 patients were homogenizedand mucosal IL-8 levels measured by ELISA. The gastric mucosal IL-8 levels in both the antrum and corpus were higher in patients with H. pylori than in H. pyloi negativepatients. IL-8 levels in the corpus but not the antrum correlated with the severity of the atrophy. The IL-1B polymorphism had no influence on the degree of IL-8 production. These findings indicate that IL-8 production is independent of IL-1B polymorphisms and IL-8 may play an important role in the development of atrophic gastritis.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Neutral-pH peritoneal dialysis solution improves peritoneal function and decreases matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).

BACKGROUND: Conventional lactate-buffered peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions have several bioincompatible characteristics, including acidic pH, lactate buffer, and the presence of glucose degradation products (GDPs), and these characteristics contribute to membrane dysfunction in PD patients. The formation of GDPs can be reduced by separating the glucose component of the solution from the lactate component during sterilization. This study was carried out to evaluate the clinical effect of dual-chambered neutral-pH PD solution in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). METHODS: Thirteen CAPD patients using conventional PD solution were enrolled in this study. The fast peritoneal equilibration test (fast PET) was performed periodically before and after treatment with neutral PD solution. The concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in dialysate effluent was measured using 4-h dwelling 2.5% glucose dialysis solution. The patients were categorized into two groups, according to the value of the initial dialysate/plasma (D/P) creatinine ratio: i.e., lower transporters (group L, D/PCr < 0.65) and higher transporters (group H, D/PCr >/= 0.65). RESULTS: The mean D/P creatinine ratio measured by fast PET, was significantly decreased (0.72 +/- 0.09 to 0.60 +/- 0.06; P < 0.03) after treatment with neutral PD solution in group H. The mean glucose level in 4-h dwelling dialysate effluent was elevated (824.6 +/- 195.9 mg/dl to 942.6 +/- 147.8 mg/dl; P < 0.022) in all subjects. In group H, a significant decrease of MMP-2 in the dialysate effluent was recognized from 15 months after the beginning of treatment with the neutral PD solution (141.4 +/- 52.5 ng/ml to 91.3 +/- 15.1 ng/ml; P < 0.05), with the lowest value being shown at 21 months (80.0 +/- 31.8 ng/ml; P < 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Neutral-pH peritoneal dialysis solution decreased the MMP-2 level in dialysate and improved peritoneal function in high-transporter patients with CAPD treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Glomerular expression of connective tissue growth factor mRNA in various renal diseases.

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a cysteine-rich member of a new family of growth regulators. It is an important factor in the pathogenesis of mesangial matrix accumulation and progressive glomerulosclerosis. The present study was designed to elucidate the role of CTGF in diabetic nephropathy (DN), immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgA-N), membranous nephropathy (MN), and minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). We evaluated the expression and localization of CTGF mRNA in surgically excised renal tissue samples from 10 patients with DN, 10 with IgA-N, 10 with MN, 10 with MCNS, and 10 normal human kidney (NHK) tissue samples, by using high-resolution in situ hybridization with digoxigenin-labelled oligonucleotide. To quantify CTGF mRNA expression, we counted all nuclei, and nuclei surrounded by CTGF-positive cytoplasm, in at least 10 randomly selected cross-sections of non-sclerotic glomeruli, and expressed the results as a percentage of total glomerular cells. In all glomeruli, CTGF mRNA was expressed mainly in glomerular intrinsic cells, including glomerular mesangial and epithelial cells and some cells of Bowman's capsule. The percentage of cells positive for CTGF mRNA was significantly higher in DN and IgA-N than in MN, MCNS and NHK. However, there was no significant difference in the percentage of CTGF mRNA-positive cells between DN and IgA-N. Our study indicates that CTGF may play an important role in the development and progression of glomerulosclerosis in DN and IgA-N, which are both accompanied by mesangial matrix expansion and comprise two major causes of end-stage renal failure.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Affinity adsorption of glucose degradation products improves the biocompatibility of conventional peritoneal dialysis fluid.

BACKGROUND: Reactive carbonyl compounds (RCOs) present in peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluid have been incriminated in the progressive deterioration of the peritoneal membrane in long-term PD patients. They are initially present in fresh conventional heat-sterilized glucose PD fluid and are supplemented during dwell time by the diffusion of blood RCOs within the peritoneal cavity. In the present study, RCO entrapping agents were immobilized on affinity beads to adsorb RCOs both in fresh PD fluid and in PD effluent. METHODS: The RCO trapping potential of various compounds was assessed in vitro first by dissolving them in the tested fluid and subsequently after coupling with either epoxy- or amino-beads. The tested fluids include fresh heat-sterilized glucose and non-glucose PD fluids, and PD effluent. Their RCOs contents, that is, glyoxal (GO), methylglyoxal (MGO), 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), formaldehyde, 5-hydroxymethylfuraldehyde, acetaldehyde, and 2-furaldehyde were monitored by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. The biocompatibility of PD fluid was assessed by a cytotoxic assay with either human epidermoid cell line A431 cells or with primary cultured human peritoneal mesothelial cells. RESULTS: Among the tested RCO entrapping agents, hydrazine coupled to epoxy-beads proved the most efficient. It lowered the concentrations of three dicarbonyl compounds (GO, MGO, and 3-DG) and those of aldehydes present in fresh heat-sterilized glucose PD fluid toward the low levels observed in filter-sterilized glucose PD fluid. It did not change the glucose and electrolytes concentration of the PD fluid but raised its pH from 5.2 to 5.9. Hydrazine-coupled epoxy-bead also lowered the PD effluent content of total RCOs, measured by the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (DNPH) method. The cytotoxicity of heat-sterilized PD fluid incubated with hydrazine-coupled epoxy-beads was decreased to the level observed in filter-sterilized PD fluid as the result of the raised pH and the lowered RCOs levels. CONCLUSION: Hydrazine-coupled epoxy-beads reduce the levels of a variety of dicarbonyls and aldehydes present in heat-sterilized glucose PD fluid to those in filter-sterilized PD fluid, without altering glucose, lactate, and electrolytes contents but with a rise in pH. Incubated with PD effluents, it is equally effective in reducing the levels of serum-derived RCOs. RCO entrapping agents immobilized on affinity beads improve in vitro the biocompatibility of conventional heat-sterilized glucose PD fluid. Their clinical applicability requires further studies.

Aldehydes↗