Biomedical subjects

Marie Gervais

Publications and source records attributed to Marie Gervais.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Assessing a whiplash management model: a population-based non-randomized intervention study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary clinical management approach for whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) following a motor vehicle injury in Quebec. METHODS: A clinical management model was implemented in 5 geographic regions of the Province of Quebec, Canada, in 7 hospitals and 19 clinics. A 2-group population-based parallel design was used to assess its effectiveness. All patients with a new whiplash injury seen in these 26 centers between March and September, 2001 were entered into the Whiplash Management Model (experimental group). A reference group included all subjects who had a whiplash injury during this same period but were not seen in these 26 intervention centers. All subjects were followed for up to a year. The outcome variables were time on compensation, time to file closure, and total direct costs. RESULTS: A total of 288 patients with WAD were identified in the experimental group and 1,875 patients in the reference group. The rate of ending of compensation was significantly higher in patients who received the experimental treatment model than those receiving the reference treatment approach (rate ratio, RR: 3.2; 95% confidence interval, CI: 2.8-3.6). The rate of file closure was also significantly higher with the experimental treatment (RR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.2-1.8). The average cost per patient was significantly reduced with the experimental intervention. CONCLUSION: A coordinated whiplash management approach can lead to earlier return to work and lower costs for patients who have sustained a whiplash injury.

Accidents, Traffic↗

PubMed2005

[Perceived self-efficacy is associated with social participation in adults with traumatic brain injury].

BACKGROUND: Identification of the factors facilitating the social participation of adults who have sustained a traumatic brain injury can help occupational therapists with the direction for their interventions. Earlier studies centered on identifying the socio-demographic characteristics and the disabilities associated with social participation. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the association between perceived self-efficacy, a positive concept derived from social cognitive theory and social participation. METHODS: A cross-sectional and correlational research design was used with 53 adults who sustained a traumatic brain injury between 1995 and 2000 and lived in their natural environment. Two measuring tools were used: a self-administered questionnaire evaluating the perceived self-efficacy and a questionnaire evaluating social participation, administered by an examiner through a face-to-face interview. RESULTS: The results indicate that the perceived self-efficacy explains 40% of the variance of the social participation. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: This association suggests that social cognitive theory can constitute a reference model for occupational therapists working with this clientele.

Brain Injuries↗

PubMed2003

Evaluating clients' perceptions of the quality of head injury rehabilitation services: development and validation of a questionnaire.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research was to develop a tool to assess clients' perception of the quality of head injury rehabilitation services. METHODS AND RESULTS: A questionnaire PQRS-Montreal 1.0 was developed in Montreal, Quebec using a standardized methodology that incorporated a new technique to reach consensus regarding the tool's contents. Five dimensions of care (i.e. ecological approach, client-centred approach, accessibility, quality of the service providers and continuity) and their corresponding standards were identified as pertinent to include in the tool and were subsequently validated by experts. A phase of item generation followed that led to the development of an 87-item prototype of the questionnaire. The questionnaire is to be administered during an interview and employs a 5-point rating scale. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The implications for the use of PQRS-Montreal 1.0 in the accreditation process of head injury rehabilitation services are discussed, as well as plans for future quantitative research in the development of the tool.

Continuity of Patient Care↗

PubMed2003

Rasch modeling and the measurement of social participation.

Social participation is the main outcome of physical rehabilitation programs. The aim of this study is to improve the measurement of social participation, using an instrument called the Assessment of Life Habits Scale and the Rasch model. The interval level measurement, the dimensionality and the generalizability of the item hierarchy were verified. The data from a large sample of people with spinal cord injury was analyzed and specific results were compared with expert opinions. The main properties of the instrument were satisfactory and the agreement with expert opinion was high. Principal component analysis showed multidimensionality. The item difficulty hierarchy obtained with spinal cord injury experts was different from the one obtained with traumatic brain injury experts, indicating a different difficulty level of items in relation to each population characteristics. We conclude that the instrument is appropriate for the measurement of social participation and suggest ways to improve the instrument.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Toward an explanatory model of social participation for adults with traumatic brain injury.

OBJECTIVE: To identify resiliency factors that could improve social participation for adults with traumatic brain injury. DESIGN: Cross-sectional single measurement, correlational and exploratory study, including quantitative and qualitative data. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-three community-dwelling people with sequelae of traumatic brain injury, individually interviewed, which included filling out questionnaires and answering open-ended questions. MAIN MEASURES: Social participation, self-efficacy, and positive mental states. RESULTS: Dynamism, self-efficacy, and will account for 51% of the variance in social participation and are the main resiliency factors. Fatigue is one of the sequelae that pose the greatest challenge to self-efficacy and limit social participation. CONCLUSION: Resiliency factors constitute a target for research and intervention for this population.

Adult↗