Biomedical subjects

Mark Livingston

Publications and source records attributed to Mark Livingston.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Endobronchial adenosine monophosphate challenge causes tachykinin release in the human airway.

BACKGROUND: Adenosine 5 monophosphate (AMP) has been shown to cause bronchoconstriction and a sensation of chest tightness when inhaled by asthmatic subjects. This response is attenuated after repeated inhalation of bradykinin, suggesting that AMP may act in part by the release of neuropeptides. OBJECTIVE: This study examined neuropeptide release in the human airway after endobronchial AMP challenge. METHODS: Endobronchial AMP challenge was performed in 20 subjects and tachykinin levels were measured after endobronchial AMP challenge and after placebo endobronchial challenge with saline. RESULTS: All subjects coughed immediately after adenosine challenge. There was a significant increase in neurokinin A and substance P levels (P < .01, P < .01 respectively) when post-saline and post-AMP levels were compared. There was, however, no significant change in calcitonin gene related peptide levels (P = .37). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that endobronchial AMP challenge causes tachykinin release in the human airway in vivo.

Adenosine Monophosphate↗

PubMed2005

Multidisciplinary perspectives on core networking skills. A study of skills: and associated training needs, for professionals working in managed clinical networks.

Possessing a wide mix of non-clinical competences is important for professionals involved in managed clinical networks (MCNs). Skills that stand out are related to interpersonal issues, problem solving, decision-making, and managing change. Interprofessional and interorganizational collaboration is important in health care generally and is not confined to MCNs. Skills are likely to have relevance in wider contexts. Training needs identified for professionals in MCNs relate to skills associated with working in challenging situations, including: 'managing change,' 'conflict resolution,' and 'negotiation.' Limited generalizations about profession-specific skills and training needs can be made. However, it is more appropriate to identify skills needed for the specific role(s) an individual is asked to perform, and to investigate if there are performance gaps between skills and competencies.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed2004

Mast cell mediator release in nonasthmatic subjects after endobronchial adenosine challenge.

BACKGROUND: Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) has been shown to cause bronchoconstriction in atopic subjects but to have no effect on nonatopic nonasthmatic subjects. Endobronchial AMP challenge has previously been shown to cause mast cell mediator release in asthmatic subjects, but it is unknown whether a similar response occurs in atopic nonasthmatic and nonatopic nonasthmatic control subjects who have no response to inhalation AMP challenge. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the change in mast cell-derived products after endobronchial saline challenge and AMP challenge in subjects with and without a positive inhalation response to AMP. METHODS: Inhalation challenge with AMP challenge was performed in normal, atopic nonasthmatic, and atopic asthmatic subjects. Levels of mast cell mediators were measured after endobronchial adenosine challenge and after placebo endobronchial saline challenge. RESULTS: There were significant increases in histamine, tryptase, protein, and prostaglandin D2 levels (P=.02, P=.02, P=.01, and P=.01, respectively) after AMP challenge compared with after saline challenge in nonatopic nonasthmatic subjects. There was no significant increase in any mediator in either of the other 2 groups. CONCLUSION: This study suggests dissociation between mediator release and bronchoconstriction in response to AMP.

Adenosine Monophosphate↗

PubMed2003

Maximizing the dental workforce: implications for a rural state.

Geographic areas with low socioeconomic status may experience status may experience less access to oral health promotion and oral health care. Approximately 40% of the licensed dentists in Mississippi practice in two metropolitan areas, Jackson and the Gulf Coast. As a result, 38 of the 82 counties in Mississippi have 4,000 or more persons per dentist. With minimal incentives attracting dentists to underserved areas, and with little public health intervention providing first-rate care, education, and prevention, promotion of case referrals for oral health care should be implemented. Several states have loosened restrictions on the level of dental hygienist supervision required in order to extend care to populations in need. For the predominantly rural state of Mississippi, less restrictive supervision of dental hygienists might help address the acute problems of poor oral health and access to care issues.

Dentistry↗