Biomedical subjects

Martin Sergerie

Publications and source records attributed to Martin Sergerie.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2007

Decreased semen volume and spermatozoa motility in HIV-1-infected patients under antiretroviral treatment.

Inconsistent results have been reported for the semen quality in HIV-infected men, due to the biases inherent in some studies. The objective of the present study was to investigate the semen parameters in HIV-1-infected patients and to compare their sperm characteristics with those of a control group of fertile, noninfected men. Factors implicated in semen alterations in HIV-1 patients were also analyzed. HIV-infected men (n=190), of whom 91% were undergoing antiretroviral therapy, and 218 fertile men were studied. Infertility risk factors were recorded and clinical examinations were performed for both groups. Records of history of HIV infection, antiretroviral treatment, and HIV-1 RNA detection in the blood as well as HIV-1 genome detection in the semen were obtained for the infected patients. Semen volumes, percentages of progressive motile spermatozoa, total sperm counts, and polymorphonuclear cell counts were decreased, while the pH values and spermatozoa multiple anomaly indices were increased in HIV-infected patients. Even after adjustment for possible sources of bias, the decreases in semen volume and progressive motility and the increase in pH remained significant. The present study demonstrates sperm motility and ejaculate volume alterations in HIV-1-infected patients, most of whom were receiving antiretroviral therapy. In HIV-1 patients, further longitudinal studies are required to analyze the impact of treatment regimen on sperm parameter alterations.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Ten-year variation in semen parameters and sperm deoxyribonucleic acid integrity in a healthy fertile man.

OBJECTIVE: To report parameters in semen samples and sperm DNA integrity in a healthy fertile volunteer over a 10-year period. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: University-affiliated teaching hospital. INTERVENTION(S): None. PATIENT(S): Semen samples from a nonsmoking healthy male volunteer of proven fertility aged from 40 to 50 years were collected and analyzed over a decade. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Semen parameters (sperm count, total sperm count, percentage of progressive motility grades a+b, morphology, and percentage of living spermatozoa) and sperm DNA integrity, measured by sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) and terminal uridine nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. RESULT(S): Median (min-max) value of total sperm count was 330 (126-511) million. Motility and vitality presented a median of 50% (40%-75%) and 78% (53%-92%), respectively. Among semen parameters, morphology and vitality showed the lowest within-subject coefficient of variation (CV(W)) and the total sperm count the highest (8.1% and 12.0% vs. 34.9%). Median values of DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and high DNA stainability (HDS) were 12.7% (7.9%-16.5%) and 6.5% (5.5%-8.2%), respectively. Sperm DNA fragmentation presented a median value of 8.9%, a minimum value of 1.4% and maximum value of 18.6%. Compared with TUNEL data, SCSA parameters (DFI and HDS) showed less variation over the data collection period (47.4% vs. 22.4% and 13.0%, respectively). CONCLUSION(S): Our data show that in this healthy fertile volunteer, semen parameters and sperm DNA integrity remained normal, and no trend was observed over the study period. More interestingly, in this subject aged from 40 to 50 years old, sperm nucleus status presented less than 20% of sperm DNA fragmentation over a decade.

Aging↗

PubMed2003

Sublingual nitroglycerine as a tocolytic in external cephalic version: a comparative study.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of sublingual nitroglycerine as a tocolytic on the success rate of external cephalic version (ECV) in nulliparous and parous women. METHODS: A retrospective case-controlled study of all ECV cases from February 1996 to February 2000 in a single centre. The rates of successful ECV were compared between women who had their ECV before February 1998 (control group), those who had their ECV after February 1998 and received 0.8 mg sublingual nitroglycerine spray as a tocolytic agent, and those who had their ECV after February 1998 and received no tocolytic agents. Nulliparous and parous women were studied separately. Data were collected for parity, gestational age, maternal age, placental localization, and side effects. Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed for statistical comparison. RESULTS: Of 150 women who had their ECV after February 1998, 120 (80%) received sublingual nitroglycerine (group 1: cases using 0.8 mg sublingual nitroglycerine spray as a tocolytic agent) and were compared to the 30 patients who did not receive sublingual nitroglycerine or other tocolytics after February 1998 (group 2) and to 137 patients who had their ECV before February 1998 (control group). Of the women who received sublingual nitroglycerine, 5 (4%) had hypotension and 7 (6%) had headaches and/or nausea. The rate of successful ECV was 27% in group 1 versus 30% in group 2 (p = 0.86) versus 28% in the control group (p = 0.88) for nulliparous patients, and 67% versus 80% (p = 0.30) versus 51% (p = 0.09) respectively for parous women. However, the success rate was increased overall in parous women after the introduction of nitroglycerine as a tocolytic for ECV in February 1998 (71% vs. 51%, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Although the success rate of ECV has increased in recent years, the use of sublingual nitroglycerine as a tocolytic was not associated with this higher success rate. A randomized, controlled trial is needed.

Administration, Sublingual↗

PubMed2002

A comparative study of manganese and lead levels in human umbilical cords and maternal blood from two urban centers exposed to different gasoline additives.

Manganese (Mn) and lead (Pb) are two neurotoxic chemicals and experimental evidence suggests that they can cross the placental barrier. Tetraethyl lead was still in use as an antiknock agent in Paris during the sampling period of the study, while it has been replaced by methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) in Canada since 1977. By 1990, MMT was in 100% of gasoline in Canada. In a study of 160 pairs of mothers-neonates in Montreal and 206 pairs in Paris, we compared levels of Mn and Pb in the umbilical cord and in maternal blood. Neonates and mothers had significantly higher Pb levels in Paris where lead additives were still used in gasoline. Geometric mean maternal blood Pb levels were 5.4 microg/dl compared to 2.1 microg/dl in Montreal and cord blood Pb levels were 3.2 microg/dl in Parisian mothers compared to 1.7 microg/dl in Montreal. The prevalence of Paris Pb values superior to the 95th percentile of the Montreal distribution was highly elevated in all media studied. The prevalence of high Mn levels in umbilical cord blood was also significantly higher in Montreal. Surveillance programs are important to limit Pb overexposure and associated neurological effects in neonates where tetraethyl Pb is still in use as a gasoline additive. Since Mn is an essential element and dietary Mn intake may differ between Montreal and Paris, the difference observed with regard to high Mn values between Montreal and Paris cannot, at this time, be attributed to MMT in Montreal's gasoline. Further studies are needed to infer an association between Mn emissions from MMT and prenatal exposure to Mn.

Adult↗