Biomedical subjects

Mary L Keller

Publications and source records attributed to Mary L Keller.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Cognitive function in community-dwelling elderly women. Attentional demands and capacity to direct attention.

As individuals get older, their capacity to direct attention (CDA) appears to decline. The decline in CDA may be caused by age-related changes in the brain and demands on attentional mechanisms. These demands require older adults to expend significant attentional effort to maintain focus and achieve mental clarity while negotiating activities of daily life. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between attentional demands and CDA among a convenience sample of 72 community-dwelling older women with normal mental status. Findings indicate attentional demands correlated significantly with CDA and accounted for a significant proportion of the variance. No relationship was found between depressive symptoms and CDA. Implications for practice are nursing interventions aimed at decreasing attentional demands, thereby supporting attentional processes and functioning by community-dwelling older adults.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed2002

Patient-centered interventions.

Patient-centered care is valued in nursing. However, until recently, nurse-researchers have focused on testing the effects of standardized rather than patient-centered interventions (PCIs). The latter are those interventions that are altered to address selected patient characteristics (e.g., beliefs, habits, or goals). PCIs have been well received, and in some studies they have been associated with improved health outcomes. In this article we describe briefly the concept patient centered, summarize the development of research on PCIs, discuss kinds of PCIs, provide examples of PCIs and how they have been derived and implemented, and raise issues for theory and future research.

Forecasting↗

PubMed2002

College students' perceptions and practices of sexual activities in sexual encounters.

PURPOSE: To examine college students' understanding of safer sexual encounters, including expectation for sexual activities, planning for sexual encounters, and ideas about what constitutes "safe" sex. DESIGN: Exploratory design of college students' perceptions of and actual sexual activities that occurred in their last or most memorable sexual encounter. METHODS: Participants in one U.S. university completed three open- and closed-ended questions about their activities, as part of a larger questionnaire concerning contextual factors in their sexual encounters. A content analysis was conducted on data from open-ended questions. Encounters were categorized by risk for further analysis. FINDINGS: No significant differences were found in expectations regarding sexual activities between participants who had risky and safer encounters, except that participants who had safer encounters expected touching through clothing significantly less than did those who had risky encounters. Frequencies of sexual activities varied greatly between the two risk groups. No differences were found between the two groups concerning whether the encounter was planned or in expectation of sexual activities by planning of the encounter. The majority erroneously thought they had "safer" sex. The most reported reasons for believing a risky encounter was safer included the use of a hormone-based birth control method, use of a condom during vaginal sex only, and believing no sex had occurred in the case of oral sex. CONCLUSIONS: For these participants, planning of the encounter was not related to safer sexual activities and safer sexual activities were generally misunderstood.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Situational factors involved in college students' safer and risky sexual encounters.

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the differences between the situational factors of risky and safer sexual encounters in college students. DESIGN: Descriptive. SETTING: Community-dwelling college students from a large Midwestern university. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were 84 college students ages 18 to 20 years. Fifty-five were female (67.5%), the majority (95.2%) were White, and all reported being heterosexual. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Use of safer or risky practices in last or most memorable sexual encounter. RESULTS: Important situational characteristics of safer encounters were negative ambiance of the place, type of partner, unattractive qualities of the partner, communication with the partner, and having the encounter because of feeling desire. Important situational characteristics of risky encounters were a cozy ambiance, partner's attractiveness inducing desire, asking directly for the encounter, and encounters occurring after celebration or partying. CONCLUSIONS: Many characteristics were similar for both risk groups. However, practitioners can tailor interventions to make clients aware of factors that were more prevalent in risky sexual encounters, such as having the encounter with a boyfriend or girlfriend and having an encounter after drinking alcohol and partying.

Adolescent↗