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Biomedical subjects

Mary Pat McKay

Publications and source records attributed to Mary Pat McKay.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Six core competencies and seven deadly sins: a virtues-based approach to the new guidelines for graduate medical education.

As part of efforts afoot to improve the overall quality of physician training, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) has endorsed a set of competencies that will be the blueprint for outcomes-based graduate medical education for years to come. While the spirit of this new law is taking shape, the letter remains largely unwritten. To bridge this gap, administrators of programs from all specialties must determine how the core competencies will be taught, evaluated, modeled, and enforced within their respective programs. This paper summarizes these challenges, in particular for surgical programs, and focuses constructively on the modeling/enforcement approach, describing key characteristics that programs should pursue and cultivate (virtues) as well as the signal prohibitions (vices) that both trainees and trainers must avoid. Regardless of specialty or programmatic particulars, virtues and vices may be used to define a context in which general competencies may be understood, and yield operational guidance upon which ultimate discussions of evaluation, remediation, and graduation may be predicated.

Education, Medical, Graduate↗
PubMed2004

Confronting the ethical challenges to informed consent in emergency medicine research.

The Society for Academic Emergency Medicine believes that protection of human subjects is vital in emergency medicine research and that, whenever feasible, informed consent is at the heart of that protection. At the same time, the emergency setting presents unique barriers to informed consent both because of the time frame in which the research is performed and because patients in the emergency department are a vulnerable population. This report reviews the concept of informed consent, empirical data on patients' cognitive abilities during an emergency, the federal rules allowing exemption from consent under certain circumstances, issues surrounding consent forms, and the new Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act regulations as they relate to research. The authors conclude that, in many circumstances, informed consent is possible if the researcher is diligent and takes time to adequately explain the study to the potential subject. In cases in which it is possible to obtain consent, precautions must be taken to ensure that subjects have decision-making capacity and are offered time to have their questions answered and their needs met. Sometimes resuscitation and other emergency medicine research must be conducted without the ability to obtain consent. In these cases, special protections of subjects under the exception from consent guidelines must be followed. Protection of research subjects is the responsibility of every researcher in emergency medicine.

Emergency Medicine↗
PubMed2003

Driving beliefs and behaviors of novice teen drivers and their parents: implications for teen driver crash risk.

This project was a cross sectional survey of 739 matched family pairs of recently licensed teens and their parents. It was designed to assess the relationship of driving behaviors between parents and teens and to investigate predictors of teen crashes. One third of teens reported being involved in a crash during an average of 14 months of driving while 19.9% reported received a moving violation. Teens reported engaging in most risky driving behaviors more frequently than their parents. Teen and parental driving behaviors were associated, but the level of association was low, suggesting that other factors may outweigh parental influence. In multivariate analysis, only the teen's belief about their crash risk and whether the teen had received a moving violation were associated with reporting a crash.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2002

The Cubital Tunnel syndrome: a case report and discussion.

Cubital Tunnel Syndrome is the second most common peripheral neuropathy of the upper extremity. It presents as elbow, forearm, or hand pain in the ulnar nerve sensory distribution and it is the result of overuse, trauma, or entrapment of the ulnar nerve at the elbow. Proper physical diagnosis can localize the site of ulnar nerve entrapment to the elbow or wrist. Both conservative and operative modalities exist to treat the Cubital Tunnel Syndrome; optimal management is still unclear.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Child safety seats: do doctors know enough?

The purpose of the study was to assess the knowledge of physicians in training about child safety seats and to test the effectiveness of a brief didactic session on improving that knowledge. Pre-post quasi experimental design was used. A 25-minute didactic session on the need for and appropriate use of child safety seats was presented. Subjects took a multiple-choice test before and immediately after the lecture. Tests were scored and baseline differences as well as differences in score improvements were analyzed by subgroup. Basic fund of knowledge was poor with a mean pretest score of 54%. Mean posttest score improved to 81.5% (P <.001). The only significant difference among groups was that pediatric residents had higher pretest scores (65%, P =.011), than their colleagues in other specialties. Medical students and residents in many specialties, including emergency medicine, have little baseline knowledge on the appropriate use of child safety seats. Knowledge can be improved with a brief didactic session.

Analysis of Variance↗