Somatotopic representation of acupoints in human primary somatosensory cortex: an FMRI study.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acupuncture Points↗
Biomedical subjects
Masahiro Umeda
Publications and source records attributed to Masahiro Umeda.
En bloc resection of the primary tumour and cervical lymph nodes through the parapharyngeal space in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the maxilla: a preliminary study.
We retrospectively studied 72 patients with maxillary carcinoma (48 of the gingiva, 22 of the antrum, and one each of the hard palate and maxillary bone). The 5-year survival was 73% for those with gingival carcinoma, and 45% for those with antral carcinoma. Nine patients died of local recurrence, three of cervical metastases, six of distant metastases, and five died of metastases in lateral retropharyngeal nodes despite successful control of local and regional disease. We have recently done en bloc resections of the maxilla and cervical lymph nodes through the parapharyngeal space for patients with posteriorly invasive maxillary cancer accompanied by lymph node metastases in the upper jugular region.
Adolescent↗
Reliability of sentinel lymph node biopsy with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.
OBJECTIVES: Although sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) may reduce surgery-related complications related to unnecessary lymph node dissection and is now widely used for many patients with cutaneous melanoma and breast cancer, its use for oral cancer patients remains controversial. One of the main reasons for the reluctance to initiate SLNB for oral cancer is that the frequency of skip metastasis has not been clarified. The objectives of this study are to examine the frequency of skip metastasis and to evaluate SLNB for oral cancer. STUDY DESIGN: To shed light on these concerns, we first conducted a retrospective study of 296 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity who underwent neck dissection. Next, the accuracy of lymph node biopsy with and without detecting sentinel lymph node was examined. RESULTS: Ten patients showed skip neck metastasis in the level III-V region without level I-II involvement. Of these patients, 7 underwent neck dissection when their initially N0 neck progressed to N+, 2 underwent neck dissection when local recurrence occurred, and only 1 underwent surgery as an initial therapy. Most patients who underwent neck dissection as the initial therapy showed skip metastasis. Intraoperative lymph node biopsy without any attempt to detect sentinel lymph nodes by means of blue dye or lymphoscintigraphy was performed on 68 patients with oral cancer. Sixty-one (90%) were diagnosed correctly, whereas 7 diagnosed as N- actually had neck metastasis. SLNB with blue dye was performed on 21 patients. In 17 of them, sentinel lymph node was easily detected, resulting in a correct diagnosis for 16 patients (94%), while 1 with a false negative result actually had micrometastasis. CONCLUSION: These findings seem to suggest that SLNB is useful and can be applied to patients with oral cancer who undergo surgery as the initial therapy.
Adult↗
N-/R-cadherin expression in dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord.
Localizations of N- and R-cadherins in dorsal root ganglia and lumbar spinal cord of the chick were immunocytochemically examined. As a result, N- and R-cadherin appeared to be co-localized on plasmalemma of neurons in dorsal root ganglia that were in contact with satellite cells, whereas there was no expression in neurons of the ventral horn. These findings indicate the possibility that expression pattern of cadherins in the peripheral neuron differs with its functional property (e.g. sensory or motor).
Animals↗
Detection of cancer cells in the peripheral blood and lung of mice after transplantation of human adenoid cystic carcinoma.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting human beta-globin gene has been reported to be able to detect micrometastasis in an animal model. We attempted to detect cancer cells from the lung and peripheral blood in nude mice, into which a human adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) line (KOA-1 and KOA-1L3) had been transplanted. Positive PCR reaction was observed in the lung of a total of 19 of 47 (40.4%) mice into which KOA-1 tumor cells had been transplanted: none of 10 after 1 month, seven of 18 after 2 months, and 12 of 19 after 3 months or later. The KOA-1L3 tumor showed earlier lung metastasis, that is, two of 24 after 7 days and two of 12 after 14 days. Positive PCR reaction was confirmed in the blood samples of three of 19 mice. The lungs of these mice were positive PCR results after subcutaneous transplantation of the KOA-1 tumor. Three of four mice in these blood samples were confirmed in Positive PCR reaction after subcutaneous transplantation of the KOA-1L3 tumor similarly. The lungs of these mice were PCR positive reaction as well as the lungs of transplantation KOA-1 tumor mice. On the other hand, negative PCR reaction was showed these lungs of 60 mice after subcutaneous transplantation of the KOA-1 or KOA-1L3 tumor. All of them were showed negative PCR results in the blood samples. This experimental model can be expected to provide a more detailed understanding of ACC, as well as help to develop a therapy for metastasis of ACC.
Animals↗
Neuroprotective effects of an immunosuppressant agent on diffusion/perfusion mismatch in transient focal ischemia.
The immunosuppressant FK506 (tacrolimus) exerts potent neuroprotection following focal ischemia in animals; however, the separate effects of FK506 on the ischemic core and penumbra have not been reported. The ischemic penumbra is clinically defined as the difference between a large abnormal area on perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) and a smaller lesion on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). The goal of this study was to determine the effect of FK506 on DWI/PWI match and mismatch areas in transient focal ischemia in rats. Twelve rats were subjected to 1 hr of transient middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion, and given an intravenous injection of a placebo (N = 6) or 1 mg/kg FK506 (N = 6) immediately before reperfusion. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed during MCA occlusion, and 0.5, 1, and 24 hr after reperfusion. FK506 significantly protected the ischemic brain only in the mismatch cortex where the initial apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was normal and there was a mild reduction of cerebral blood flow (CBF). This is the first report to describe the protective effects of FK506 on ischemic penumbra, as measured by DWI/PWI mismatch. The findings provide direct evidence for the utility of DWI/PWI mismatch as a guideline for therapeutic intervention with FK506.
Animals↗
Establishment and characterization of metastasizing cell lines from a heterotransplanted human adenoid cystic carcinoma.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant tumor of the head and neck occurring in the salivary glands. We established a human ACC line which is serially transplantable in nude mice and designated it as KOA-1. The KOA-1 tumor doubled in 9.3 days and retained the histologic characteristics of a solid pattern of ACC even after 22 serial passages. The KOA-1 metastasized to the lung 2 months after subcutaneous transplantation into nude mice. We further established a subline of KOA-1 by an in vivo selection method and named it KOA-1L3. The KOA-1L3 doubled in 1.3 days and metastasized to the lung within 1 week after subcutaneous transplantation. These tumor lines may serve as a useful model for exploration of the biological behavior and treatment of human ACC.
Animals↗
Three-dimensional reconstruction after oral oncologic surgery using single free radial forearm flaps or free rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flaps.
This study reviews reconstruction of complex three-dimensional oral and maxillofacial defects using the single free radial forearm flap or the single free rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap. Between 1996 and 2003, 124 patients underwent oral and maxillofacial reconstruction in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine. Outcomes for 22 patients who underwent three-dimensional reconstruction of multiple surfaces were evaluated. Reconstruction was performed after resection of malignant tumors in all 22 patients. Single FAFs were utilized for 11 patients and single RAMs for the remaining 11. Flap survival rate was 100%. No major donor morbidity was observed, and all surviving patients (20/22) were able to perform normal daily living activities. Single FAF and RAM are useful materials for one-stage reconstruction of complex three-dimensional oral and maxillofacial defects requiring replacement of skin, mucosa, and intervening soft tissues. Good to excellent aesthetic results can be attained in most patients.
Activities of Daily Living↗
Induction chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil for tongue cancer.
Induction chemotherapy consisting of one cycle of docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was evaluated for its primary effects on squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. The patients were five men and one woman, 50 to 67 (mean 57.8) years of age. Clinical staging of the tongue cancers showed two patients with stage III and four with stage IV disease. All patients underwent one cycle of intravenous chemotherapy with docetaxel (60 mg/m2, on day 1), cisplatin (10 mg/m2, from days 1 to 5) and 5-FU (500 mg/body, from days 1 to 5) before surgical operation. The overall response rate was 83.3% (five PRs and one NC), with two cases with grade II A in the Ohboshi & Shimosato classification and four with grade II B. The main side effect was severe neutropenia, which was effectively managed with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). In conclusion, induction chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-FU for tongue cancer was tolerated well by all the patients and showed an excellent response rate in spite of only one cycle of administration.
Aged↗
Lack of survival advantage in patients with advanced, resectable squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity receiving induction chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP), docetaxel (TXT) and 5-fluorouracil (5FU).
Cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has been reported to increase survival of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and organ preservation in those with laryngeal carcinoma, but its efficacy for other head and neck carcinomas is still controversial. We examined the effects of NAC for patients with stage III-IV squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. The patients were divided into two groups; 9 patients who underwent NAC consisting of one course of cisplatin (CDDP), docetaxel (TXT) and 5-fluorouracil (5FU) followed by surgery (NAC group), and 18 patients who underwent surgery alone (control group). Complete response (CR) was not observed, but partial response (PR) was obtained in 6 of 9 patients (33%) of the NAC group. The 3-year survival rate was 29.6% in the NAC group and 81.5% in the control group. Although any valid conclusions could not be drawn because of the small number of patients examined here, NAC with CDDP, TXT and 5FU offered no advantages over standard treatment for advanced oral cancer in terms of survival.
Adult↗
Interindividual and interspecies variations of the extrastriate visual cortex.
Functional homology between human and macaque visual cortices has provided an important cue to functional subdivisions of the human visual cortex, but it is unclear beyond V1. We estimated the sizes and the visual field eccentricity functions of the extrastriate visual areas of human brains using MRI and fMRI measurements to analyze the interindividual and interspecies variations. We found distinctive features of the area fraction values relative to V1 and the visual field eccentricity functions beyond V2 between the human and the macaque visual cortices. This suggests that selection on color-form and stereoscopic vision, associated with processing and manipulating socio-visual stimuli, may generate variations of the architecture of the extrastriate visual cortex beyond V2.
Adult↗
Indications for vascularized free rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap in oromandibular region in terms of efficiency of anterior rectus sheath.
The anterior rectus sheath, efficacious in reconstructive surgery, is used in oromandibular reconstruction with the free rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap. This study describes reconstruction with this sheath in 20 patients: to preserve only the swallowing function in 10 patients (formation of the bulge of the reconstructed oral floor and prevention of its sinking); to preserve both swallowing and articulation in 5 patients (formation of the bulge of the reconstructed tongue and prevention of its sinking, concurrent with a money-pouch-like reconstruction of the tongue, laryngeal suspension, and neuroanastomosis); and to prevent exposure of the reconstruction plate, replacing the resected mandibular continuity in 5 patients. The purpose of reconstruction was achieved in all patients. The vascularized free rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap with a firm anterior rectus sheath may be the first choice for these types of reconstruction.
Aged↗
Detection of the anoxic depolarization of focal ischemia using manganese-enhanced MRI.
Mismatch between diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MRI was used to indicate a treatable area following focal ischemia, called the penumbra. Activity-induced manganese contrast MRI has been reported as a new visualization method for neural activation using manganese ions as a depolarization-dependent contrast agent. It is well known that energy failure induced by cerebral ischemia produces anoxic depolarization. The purpose of this study was to detect manganese accumulation caused by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) of rat brain and to compare regional differences between manganese accumulation and decreased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). The ratios of signal intensity of manganese-enhanced MRI in the ipsilateral cortex to that in the contralateral cortex were 171.0 +/- 17.5% in MCAO group and 108.4 +/- 13.2% in the sham group. In addition, the enhanced region was much smaller than the area which was detected as having a reduced ADC.
Animals↗
Evaluation of two-dimensional L-COSY and JPRESS using a 3 T MRI scanner: from phantoms to human brain in vivo.
Localized versions of two-dimensional (2D) magnetic resonance spectroscopic (MRS) sequences, namely JPRESS and L-COSY, have been implemented on a whole-body 3T MRI/MRS scanner. Volume selection was achieved using three slice-selective radio-frequency (RF) pulses: 90 degrees-180 degrees-180 degrees in JPRESS and 90 degrees-180 degrees-90 degrees in L-COSY with a CHESS sequence prior to voxel localization for global water suppression. The last 180 degrees RF pulse was used for resolving the J-coupled cross peaks in JPRESS, whereas the last 90 degrees RF pulse was used for coherence transfer between J-coupled metabolites in L-COSY. A head MRI coil for 'transmission' and a 4 inch receive surface coil for 'reception' or a head coil transmit/receive were used. A total of 16 healthy volunteers were investigated using these 2D MRS sequences. Voxel sizes of 18 and 27 ml were localized in the occipito-parietal gray and white matter regions and the total duration for each 2D signal acquisition was typically 35 min. Compared with 2D L-COSY, reduced spectral width along the second spectral dimension and shorter 2D spectral acquisition were the major advantages of 2D JPRESS. In contrast, increased spectral width along the new spectral dimension in L-COSY resulted in an improved spectral dispersion enabling the detection of several brain metabolites at low concentrations that have not been resolved using the conventional one-dimensional (1D) MRS techniques. Due to increased sampling rate, severe loss of metabolite signals due to T2 during t1 was a major drawback of 2D JPRESS in vivo.
Adult↗
Replantation of an avulsed zygomatic bone as a freeze-preserved autologous graft: a case report.
We describe a very rare case of midface fracture where the zygomatic bone had been completely avulsed. The fragment was preserved in a frozen state for 40 days, then replanted and the graft was taken. The conditions favourable for the taking of the freeze-preserved zygomatic graft were: (1) an appropriate preservation method, (2) conservation of the periosteum on the zygomatic bone, (3) diversity of the haemodynamics of the zygomatic membranous bone, (4) immobilization of the zygoma by rigid fixation, and (5) a rich blood supply at the recipient site.
Adult↗
Constitutional mutation of keratin 13 gene in familial white sponge nevus.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate a novel mutation in the keratin genes assumed to be responsible for a familial case of oral white sponge nevus. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The affected family consisted of a 36-year-old woman, her 17-year-old daughter, and her 14-year-old son. Keratin 4 and 13 genes extracted from venous blood lymphocytes were amplified by using the polymerase chain reaction and directly sequenced. RESULTS: Sequencing analysis of the 3 patients revealed the presence of a novel heterozygous T-to-C transition mutation in exon 1 of the keratin 13 gene, with no abnormalities detected in the keratin 4 gene. CONCLUSION: We identified a novel heterozygous missense mutation at 332T>C in the keratin 13 gene believed to be related to the development of white sponge nevus.
Adolescent↗
Necrotizing fasciitis caused by dental infection: a retrospective analysis of 9 cases and a review of the literature.
OBJECTIVES: Necrotizing fasciitis of the head and neck is an uncommon, potentially fatal soft tissue infection characterized by extensive necrosis and gas formation in the subcutaneous tissue and fascia. The aims of this study were to describe the condition of this rare disease and to find factors affecting the mortality. STUDY DESIGN: Nine of our new cases and 125 reported cases in the English-language literature with necrotizing fasciitis of dental origin were reviewed. RESULTS: Two of our 9 patients had some form of systemic disease such as diabetes, cardiac insufficiency, renal failure, or cerebral infarction, whereas the other 7 had no particular general complications. A computed tomography examination was useful for detecting gas formation in the deep neck. All 9 patients underwent extensive debridement within 24 hours, and good results were obtained. In contrast, 24 of the 125 reviewed patients died despite therapy. Factors affecting the mortality were associated diseases such as diabetes or alcohol abuse, delay of surgery, and the complication mediastinitis. CONCLUSION: Necrotizing fasciitis is still a potentially fatal disease. Early and aggressive debridement may reduce mortality.
Adult↗
Central poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the maxilla: report of a case.
Central adenocarcinoma of the jaws is an extremely rare malignant tumor. We reported a case of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma occurring intraosseously in the maxilla. A 62-year-old male was referred to our hospital because of swelling of the palate. MRI showed a central tumorous lesion in the maxilla. He underwent maxillectomy combined with neck and parapharyngeal dissection. Histologic examinations of the surgical specimen revealed poorly differentiated adenocaricinoma showing a positive reaction for PAS, CEA and cytokeratin. He underwent adjuvant chemotherapy with cis-platinum diamminodichloride, 5-fluorouracil, and pirarubicin, but he died of multiple distant metastases 7 months after the surgery.
Adenocarcinoma↗