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Masamichi Yamanaka

Publications and source records attributed to Masamichi Yamanaka.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Tunable capsule space: self-assembly of hemispherical cavitands with hydrogen-bonding linkers.

Fine and/or drastic tuning of capsule space has been attained by alteration of the hydrogen-bonding linker and/or hemispherical cavitand, respectively. Two molecules of tetracarboxyl-cavitand 1 or tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)-cavitand 2 as a hemisphere and four molecules of 2-aminopyrimidine (2-AP) or tetrahydro-2-pyrimidinone (THP) as an equatorial hydrogen-bonding linker self-assemble into a capsule [(1)2.(2-AP)4] (3), [(1)2.(THP)4] (4), [(2)2.(2-AP)4] (5), or [(2)2.(THP)4] (6), respectively, via 16 hydrogen bonds. These capsules provide isolated nanospace and can encapsulate one guest molecule (7-13) in solution. Each capsule has a different cavity size and shows particular guest selectivity on the competitive encapsulation experiments.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Synthesis and cofacial pi-stacked packing arrangement of 6,13-bis(alkylthio)pentacene.

[reaction: see text] 6,13-Bis(alkylthio)pentacenes directed toward organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) were synthesized by the ZnI(2)-mediated reaction of trans-6,13-dihydroxy-6,13-dihydropentacene with alkylthiols, followed by the dehydrogenative aromatization of the resulting trans-6,13-bis(alkylthio)-6,13-dihydropentacenes with p-chloranil. The X-ray crystallographic analysis of 6,13-bis(methylthio)pentacene reveals that this compound is arranged as a result of cofacial pi-stacking with S-S and S-pi interactions.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Selective formation of a self-assembling homo or hetero cavitand cage via metal coordination based on thermodynamic or kinetic control.

The selective formation of a homo or hetero cavitand cage composed of two molecules of tetra(4-pyridyl)-cavitand (1), tetrakis(4-cyanophenyl)-cavitand (2), or tetrakis(4-pyridylethynyl)-cavitand (3), and four molecules of Pd(dppp)(OTf)(2) (4) or Pt(dppp)(OTf)(2) (5) has been studied. A 1:1:4 mixture of 1 with more steric restriction, 2 with less coordination ability, and 4 or 5 specifically self-assembled into a hetero cavitand cage 6 or 7, respectively. In contrast, a 1:1:4 mixture of 2, 3, and 4 in CDCl(3) at room temperature assembled into the most labile homo cyanophenyl cavitand cage 8 and the most stable homo pyridylethynyl cavitand cage 9 in a 1:1 ratio. Upon heating at 50 degrees C, the thermodynamic equilibrium was shifted to a 1:1:1 mixture of 8, 9, and a hetero cavitand cage 10. When 1 equiv of 3 was added to 8 at room temperature, 8, 9, and 10 were formed initially in a 1:1:3 ratio and finally shifted to a 1:1:1 ratio. In the Pt-system, upon addition of 1 equiv of 3 to homo cyanophenyl cavitand cage 11 in CDCl(3) at room temperature, the ratio of hetero to homo cavitand cage (13/12) initially attained was 8.7 and remained above 5.6 at room temperature. Upon heating at 50 degrees C, 13 was finally converted to 11 and 12. Thus, the selectivity for the self-assembly of the homo or hetero cavitand cage is controlled by the balance between kinetic and thermodynamic stabilities of cages based on a combination of factors such as coordination ability and steric demand of the cavitands.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Orientational isomerism and binding ability of nonsymmetrical guests encapsulated in a self-assembling heterodimeric capsule.

The ability of a guest to induce the assembly of tetracarboxyl-cavitand 1 and tetra(3-pyridyl)-cavitand 2 into a heterodimeric capsule 12, and the orientational isomerism of nonsymmetrical p-disubstituted-benzene guests encapsulated in 12, are described. For example, the ability of a guest to induce the assembly of guest subset(12) increases in the order p-iodoaniline< or =p-chloroanisole < p-bromoanisole < N-methyl-p-iodoaniline < p-iodoanisole. For these five guests encapsulated in 12, the halogen atoms are specifically oriented with respect to the cavity of the 2 unit. By contrast, the orientational isomeric selectivities of p-chloroiodobenzene, p-bromoiodobenzene, and p-methylanisole encapsulated in 12 are quite low, in the range of 1:1.7 to 1:1. The ortho-fluoro derivatives of these three guests, however, are encapsulated in 12 with a highly selective orientation, in which the substituent next to the fluorine atom greatly prefers the cavity of the 2 unit to that of the 1 unit.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Resorcinarene assemblies as synthetic receptors.

The host-guest complexes of resorcinarenes are re-examined in solution through modern spectroscopic methods; the assemblies are characterized by 1H NMR and the guest exchange rates are measured by EXSY NMR spectroscopy.

Calixarenes↗
PubMed2004

Complete selection of a self-assembling homo- or hetero-cavitand cage via metal coordination based on ligand tuning.

Selective formation of a homo- or hetero-cavitand cage via metal-coordination, by using tetra(4-pyridyl)-cavitand (1), tetrakis(4-pyridylethynyl)-cavitand (2), or tetrakis(4-cyanophenyl)-cavitand (3) as deep cavitand ligands and Pd(dppp)(OTf)2 (4) as a connector, has been investigated by 1H NMR and CSI-MS. When the cavitand and 4 were mixed in CDCl3 in a 2:4 molar ratio, 1 gave a complicated mixture, whereas 2 or 3 formed a homo-cavitand cage {2(2).4[Pd(dppp)]}8+.8(TfO-) (5) or {2(3).4[Pd(dppp)]}8+.8(TfO-) (6), respectively, as a single species. In a 1:1:4 mixture of 2, 3, and 4, homo-cavitand cages 5 and 6 were observed in a 1:1 ratio. In marked contrast, a mixture of 1, 3, and 4 in a 1:1:4 ratio was exclusively self-assembled into a hetero-cavitand cage {1.3.4[Pd(dppp)]}8+.8(TfO-) (7). The selectivity for the self-assembly of the homo- or hetero-cavitand cage via metal coordination would arise from a combination of factors such as coordination ability and steric demand of cavitand ligands.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Kinetics and thermodynamics of hexameric capsule formation.

Resorcinarene 1b forms a hexameric assembly in water-saturated CDCl(3) that encapsulates one tetraalkylammonium salt (2(+)Br(-)). The remaining space is occupied by coencapsulated solvent molecules. A maximum of three and minimum of one CHCl(3) molecule were found inside of capsules with tetrapropyl- and tetraheptylammonium bromide, respectively. The encapsulation of the salt is endothermic and entropically favored by the liberation of the solvent molecules. The stabilities of the encapsulation complexes and the rates of guest exchange decrease for larger cations. The higher activation barriers for in/out exchange of the larger guests suggest tight conformational restraints in the transition state. It is likely that complete dissociation of one resorcinarene molecule is necessary for the exchange of the alkylammonium salts.

Calixarenes↗
PubMed2004

Stereochemistry in self-assembled encapsulation complexes: constellational isomerism.

A previously uncharacterized form of stereochemistry, constellational isomerism, is described. The isomerism arises from different arrangements of small-molecule guests in the space of a self-assembled, cylindrical host. The cylindrical host detains three molecules each of CHCl(3), 1,2-dichloroethane, or isopropyl chloride. The exchange of guests in and out of the host is slow on the NMR time scale. The dimensions of the capsular host and the sizes of the guests hinder the mobility of molecules inside, and separate NMR signals are seen for guests at the ends of the capsule and those near its center. When two different guests are encapsulated, the spectra show up to four additional species: two sets of constellational isomers. In every pairwise combination of the three guests, all isomers could be identified. The equilibrium distributions of isomers depended on the concentrations of the guests in the bulk solution. The relative stability of the constellational isomers was a function of the polarity of the guest molecule and its ability to interact with the components of the capsule. The different arrangements represent information, and some possibilities for their use in data storage are proposed.

Chloroform↗
PubMed2003

Imino ene reaction catalyzed by ytterbium(III) triflate and TMSCl or TMSOTf.

A novel combined system of Yb(OTf)(3) with TMSCl or TMSOTf catalyzed an imino ene reaction. The reaction of N-tosylbenzaldimine (1) with alpha-methylstyrene (2) proceeded smoothly to give homoallylic amine 3 in the presence of a catalytic amount of Yb(OTf)(3) and TMSCl. This catalytic system was successfully applied to the imino ene reactions of various aldimines with alkenes. This new imino ene reaction provides a unique method for the three-component coupling reaction of an aldehyde, tosylamide, and alpha-methylstyrene in the presence of Yb(OTf)(3) and TMSOTf, to give the corresponding homoallylic amine.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Selective preparation of pyridines, pyridones, and iminopyridines from two different alkynes via azazirconacycles.

Selective preparation of pyridine derivatives from two different alkynes and a nitrile was achieved by a novel procedure in which an alkyne and a nitrile couple first to give an azazirconacyclopentadiene followed by reaction with the second alkyne in the presence of 1 equiv of NiCl(2)(PPh(3))(2). This procedure gives only single products of pyridine derivatives from two different symmetrical alkynes and a nitrile. Our novel procedure can be used even with two similar alkyl-substituted alkynes such as 3-hexyne and 4-octyne. Two possible pyridine isomers from 3-hexyne, 4-octyne, and acetonitrile could be completely and independently prepared as single products by this method. The origin of the selectivity comes from the addition order of two different alkynes. This method was applied for the formation of pyridones and iminopyridines using isocyanate and carbodiimide derivatives instead of nitriles, respectively. Reaction of an alkyne with Cp(2)ZrEt(2) and an isocyanate or a carbodiimide gives an azazirconacycle. Treatment of the azazirconacycle with the second alkyne in the presence of 1 equiv of NiCl(2)(PPh(3))(2) gave a pyridone or an iminopyridine derivative. The use of two different unsymmetrical alkynes afforded the pyridine with five different substituents when the first alkyne has a trialkylsilyl group and the second alkyne has a phenyl group as functional groups. On the other hand, azazirconacyclopentadienes reacted with propargyl bromide in the presence of CuCl with excellent regioselectivity to give tetrasubstituted pyridine derivatives as single products. With the assistance of the trialkylsilyl groups, pyridines with all different substituents including H were also prepared.

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