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Masamitsu Konishi

Publications and source records attributed to Masamitsu Konishi.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

A low level of C-reactive protein in Japanese adults and its association with cardiovascular risk factors: the Japan NCVC-Collaborative Inflammation Cohort (JNIC) study.

High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels vary remarkably by race and ethnic group. We examined hs-CRP levels and their association with cardiovascular risk factors in the Japanese general population. The Japan National Cardiovascular Center (NCVC)-collaborative Inflammation Cohort (JNIC) Study recruited 5213 men and 7071 women aged > or = 40 years from seven communities in Japan during 2002-2004. hs-CRP was measured using nephelometry calibrated with CRM 470, the international plasma protein reference material. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors and their aggregation were studied in multivariate logistic models, stratified by overweight status. Median hs-CRP levels in men and women were 0.60 and 0.45 mg/L, respectively. The percentage of subjects with hs-CRP levels < 1.0, 1.0-3.0, and > 3.0 mg/L was 67.4%, 22.0%, and 10.6% in men, respectively, and 76.3%, 16.7%, and 7.0% in women. hs-CRP levels showed significant linear associations with traditional risk factors. Overweight, hypertension, dyslipidemia (men only), smoking (men only), and diabetes (women only) contributed significantly to elevated hs-CRP levels. Overweight individuals with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes had a high prevalence of elevated hs-CRP levels in both sexes. Japanese adults have very low hs-CRP levels. An aggregation of metabolic risk factors is associated with elevated hs-CRP levels among overweight individuals, particularly in women.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Cigarette smoking and risk of coronary heart disease incidence among middle-aged Japanese men and women: the JPHC Study Cohort I.

BACKGROUND: Few data have been available on the sex-specific magnitude of the smoking effect on the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in Asia. DESIGN AND METHODS: A population-based prospective cohort study of 19 782 men and 21 500 women aged 40-59 years between 1990-1992 and 2001 was conducted to examine the relationship between smoking status and the risk of CHD. RESULTS: A total of 260 incidences of CHD were confirmed among men, including 174 myocardial infarctions (MI). The numbers among women were 66 and 43, respectively. The multivariate relative risk [95% confidence interval (CI)] for current smokers versus never-smokers in men after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, several life style factors and public health centre was 2.85 (1.98, 4.12) for total CHD and 3.64 (2.27, 5.83) for MI. These respective risks in women were 3.07 (1.48, 6.40) and 2.90 (1.18, 7.18). Among men, a dose-dependent relationship was observed between the number of cigarettes and the risk of MI. The population-attributable risk per cent (95% CI) of CHD was 46% (34, 55) in men and 9% (0, 18) in women. Smoking cessation, however, led to a rapid decline in the CHD risk within 2 years. CONCLUSION: Smoking raises the risk of CHD significantly in both sexes of middle-aged Japanese, with large public health significance especially in men. Smoking cessation would have an immediate effect on risk reduction.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Cigarette smoking and risk of stroke and its subtypes among middle-aged Japanese men and women: the JPHC Study Cohort I.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We examined sex-specific relationships of smoking with risk of total stroke and stroke subtypes in Asian populations because of the limited data available. METHODS: A total of 19,782 men and 21,500 women aged 40 to 59 years who were free of prior diagnosis of stroke, coronary heart disease, or cancer and reported their smoking status were followed in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study on Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease (JPHC Study) from 1990 to 1992 to the end of 2001. RESULTS: During a 461,761 person-year follow-up, 702 total strokes were documented among men, of which 619 were confirmed by imaging studies, including 219 intraparenchymal hemorrhages, 73 subarachnoid hemorrhages, and 327 ischemic strokes. The respective numbers of cases among women were 447, 411, 129, 106, and 176. Multivariate relative risks (95% CIs) for current smokers compared with never-smokers after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and public health center were 1.27 (1.05 to 1.54) for total stroke, 0.72 (0.49 to 1.07) for intraparenchymal hemorrhage, 3.60 (1.62 to 8.01) for subarachnoid hemorrhage, and 1.66 (1.25 to 2.20) for ischemic stroke. The respective multivariate relative risks among women were 1.98 (1.42 to 2.77), 1.53 (0.86 to 4.25), 2.70 (1.45 to 5.02), and 1.57 (0.86 to 2.87). There was a dose-response relation between the number of cigarettes smoked and risks of ischemic stroke for men. A similar positive association was observed between smoking and risks of lacunar infarction and large-artery occlusive infarction, but not embolic infarction. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking raises risks of total stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage for both men and women and risk of ischemic stroke, either lacunar or large-artery occlusive infarction, for men.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Alcohol consumption and risk of stroke among middle-aged men: the JPHC Study Cohort I.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The impact of light-to-moderate alcohol consumption on risk of stroke has not been well examined in a single study, although the effect is hypothesized to differ among stroke subtypes from meta-analyses. METHODS: A total of 19 544 men aged 40 to 59 years living in communities were followed-up from 1990 to 1992 to the end of 2001 in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study on Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease (JPHC Study). RESULTS: After 214 504 person-years of follow-up, 694 incident strokes were documented, of which 611 were confirmed by imaging studies or autopsy, including 219 intraparenchymal hemorrhages, 73 subarachnoid hemorrhages, and 319 ischemic strokes. Alcohol consumption was positively associated with age-adjusted risk of total stroke with a 68% excess risk among drinkers of > or =450 g ethanol per week compared with occasional drinkers. This excess risk was confined primarily to hemorrhagic stroke, which remained statistically significant even after controlling for hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors (RR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.22 to 3.79). There was a lower risk of ischemic stroke, more specifically lacunar infarction, a higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke, and no excess risk of total stroke among drinkers of 1 to 149 g ethanol per week compared with occasional drinkers; the respective multivariate RR (95% CI) was 0.59 (0.37 to 0.93), 0.43 (0.22 to 0.87), 1.73 (0.98 to 3.07), and 0.98 (0.71 to 1.36). CONCLUSIONS: We found differential effects of light-to-moderate alcohol consumption on risks of hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes among middle-aged men. Light-to-moderate alcohol consumption, ie, < or =2 drinks per day, does not raise the risk of total stroke.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Trends for stroke incidence, severity, and prognosis in a rural community with a long-term stroke prevention program].

OBJECTIVE: To examine the benefit of a long-term community-based stroke prevention program, we explored 35 years of surveillance data of stroke incidence for residents in a rural area in Japan. METHOD: The surveyed community was Ikawa town (population in 2000 was 6,116) in Akita prefecture, where a community-based stroke prevention program has been conducted since 1963. Incidence rates and numbers of stroke episodes, proportions for loss of consciousness and motor paralysis at onset, proportions for each seriousness category (A: death within one day after onset, B: death during 2-7 days after onset, C: survival more than 8 days after onset with complete hemiparesis, D: survival more than 8 days after onset with incomplete or no hemiparesis), and one-year survival rates and activity of daily living were investigated for 1964-69, 1970-79, 1980-89 and 1990-98. RESULTS: Stroke incidence declined 66% and 64% among the 30-69 years age group and 70 years over age group, respectively between 1964-69 and 1990-98. Incident numbers of stroke episodes declined 41% among those aged 30-69 years and, while it increased 100% in the 70 years over age group, this was much less than the increase rate of 271% rated for the corresponding aged population growth over time. In the 30-69 years age group, the proportion of patients with no loss of consciousness at onset increased from 53-64% during the former three periods to 79% in 1990-98. The proportion of patients with no motor paralysis also increased progressively over the study periods and the proportions for A or B categories in the seriousness classification decreased between 1964-69 and 1990-98 while the proportion in the D category increased between 1980-89 and 1990-98. One-year survival rates increased from 71% and 36% in 1964 to 86% and 61% in 1990-98 among the 30-69 years age group and 70 years over age group, respectively. With both, the numbers of totally dependent patients at one-year after onset, did not change significantly over time, despite the marked increase in the population of risk. CONCLUSION: The present study showed that a long-term community-based stroke prevention program can not only decrease stroke incidence and number of episodes, but also reduce the likelihood of severe stroke attack and improve prognosis, thereby suppressing the increase of totally dependent patients expected from growth of the old population in the community.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Can Blood Pressure in the Elderly be Reduced? Findings From a Long-term Population Survey in Japan.

To examine whether blood pressure (BP), a major risk factor of cardiovascular disease, can be controlled in the elderly as well as in middle-aged persons, we analyzed the data of observational studies on trends for BP and cardiovascular disease incidence in a northeast rural community of Japan. This community was the subject of an ongoing hypertension control program that was initiated in 1963. A significant decline in BP levels was noted in each sex-age group between 1963 and 1966 and 1987 and 1991. The decline was greater in older persons compared with younger individuals. The BP decline was attributable to an increase in antihypertensive medication use, beginning in the 1970s. We compared BP levels of untreated offspring and parents when both were 40 to 49 years old. Blood pressure levels were significantly lower in the offspring than in parents. This result and the large downward shift of BP distribution in the second decade of follow-up suggested that the improvements in diets and other environmental factors contributed to the BP decline. Between 1964 and 1968 and 1989 and 1992, stroke incidence declined 70% to 79% for all sex and age groups (40-69 and greater than 70 years). The number of totally dependent stroke patients decreased in both the middle-aged and the elderly between 1976 and 1991. The decline in stroke mortality tended to be larger in the surveyed community than in adjacent communities. These results indicated that hypertension control is effective in preventing stroke in the elderly as well as in the middle-aged.

Journal Article↗