[Wernicke-Korsakoff encephalopathy].
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Diagnostic Imaging↗
Biomedical subjects
Masaru Mimura
Publications and source records attributed to Masaru Mimura.
Wisconsin card sorting test in children with temporal lobe epilepsy.
To search for the origin of frontal lobe dysfunction identified by the Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients, we investigated the WCST performance among 19 children with TLE (with hippocampal atrophy (HA group N=12), without structural lesions (NSL group N=7)), 15 patients with frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE group), and age-matched normal controls (N group). The paired verbal association learning test (PVALT) and Benton visual retention test (BVRT) were also performed. HA group and FLE groups achieved significantly fewer categories and demonstrated more perseverative errors on the WCST than NSL and N groups. In addition, category achievement in WCST showed significant inverse correlation to age at the initial status convulsivus in the HA group (P<0.05). The achievement on PVALT and BVRT did not show any significant differences between HA and FLE groups (P>0.05). Thus, the frontal lobe dysfunction in the HA group is found to exist as early as 7 years old, when they seem to have only a short seizure history or to receive a little electrical interference from the temporal lobe focus to the frontal region. These facts would underscore the importance of prefrontal dysfunction persisting from the early insults and only becoming apparent after maturation of the prefrontal region in patients with mesial TLE.
Adolescent↗
Executive dysfunction and clinical outcome in chronic alcoholics.
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate which of 12 neuropsychological tests predict alcoholic patients' alcohol-specific and/or alcoholic-nonspecific outcome. Our hypothesis was that the ecologically valid neuropsychological tests that measure executive function are better predictors of alcoholics' functional outcome. METHODS: We administered 12 neuropsychological tests to chronic alcoholics. Included in the tests were tasks of Reaction Time, Symbol Digit Modalities, Figure Position, Digit Span, Block Design, Trail Making, and six subtests of a battery called the Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS). Previous investigators have suggested that the BADS has ecological validity. Twenty-two male alcoholics were compared with 15 nonalcoholic control subjects on these neuropsychological measures 7 weeks after detoxification. Two functional outcome indices, i.e., resumption of drinking and occupation, were evaluated 18 months after discharge. RESULTS: The total profile score and the score on three of the six subtests of the BADS were lower in alcoholics than in nonalcoholic controls. Alcoholics' performance on the BADS predicted alcohol-nonspecific outcome (occupation) but not alcohol-specific (drinking) outcome. In contrast, other neuropsychological tests did not predict either of the two outcome indices. CONCLUSIONS: The BADS total profile score is related to alcohol-nonspecific outcome but not to alcohol-specific outcome.
Alcoholism↗