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Biomedical subjects

Masaru Yoshii

Publications and source records attributed to Masaru Yoshii.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Case of eyelid nodular fasciitis in which magnetic resonance imaging was useful for clinical diagnosis].

BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. CASE: A 70-year-old man. He noticed that the right side of his upper lid had swollen 3 weeks previously. No abnormal findings were recognized in visual acuity, intraocular pressure, anterior segment, lens, vitreous, or fundus. From MRI findings 10 days after his first visit, dermoid cyst, soft tissue tumor, and nodular fasciitis were suspected. Because MRI 2 months after the first visit showed a decrease in tumor size, soft tissue tumor was ruled out. Finally histopathological examination revealed nodular fasciitis, although the findings during the operation did not differentiate between dermoid cyst and nodular fasciitis. CONCLUSION: MRI at different intervals was useful for clinical diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

External Dacryocystorhinostomy: outcomes after the introduction of two new forceps and transnasal endoscopy.

BACKGROUND: There are few lacrimal surgeons in the field of clinical Ophthalmology, while the number of patients with an obstruction of tear duct increases. The success rate for the external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) procedure is approximately 90%. The outcome of external DCR using two new forceps and postoperative transnasal endoscopy was studied. MATERIAL/METHODS: 93 consecutive patients (100 cases) underwent external DCR. Two new forceps (a DCR slide forceps and a cleaning forceps in the nasal cavity) were used, and transnasal endoscopic examination postoperatively was done. The relatively small cutaneous incision (12-15 mm) was done. Two new forceps were used during and after the DCR procedure. RESULTS: All the cases showed round or oval ostia and patency on irrigation. Some amount of discharge adherent to the STs was observed in each case within one week after the external DCR procedure. CONCLUSIONS: The transnasal endoscopic examination performed postoperatively and the use of the two new forceps were of value for increasing the success rate of external DCR.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Electrophysiological and histopathological study on visual toxicity of clioquinol].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of clioquinol on the optic nerve and retina of rhesus monkeys by ophthalmoscopy, electrophysiology and histopathology. METHODS: Clioquinol was given orally to 5 monkeys, gradually increasingly from 100 mg/kg/day up to 14 months(total dosage 227 g/kg). Ophthalmoscopy, erectroretinogram(ERG), visual evoked potential(VEP) and histopathological examination of enucleated eyeballs were done periodically up to 10 years. RESULTS: The margin of the optic disc was not clear at the early stage, but the colour became atrophic at the late stage. VEP maximum amplitude decreased quickly at the early stage and the amplitude of ERG a and b waves and oscillatory potential decreased gradually. 37 months after the discontinuation of administration of VEP, ERG amplitude increased gradually. Swelling of axons and disorganization of the myelin sheath were noticed 2.5 months after beginning treatment. Swelling of the peripapillary nerve fiber layer was seen 5.5 months after beginning treatment. Karyorrhexis was seen in the inner layer of the retina after 12.5 months. Axonal swelling disappeared and the myelin sheath became reorganized 9 months after the discontinuation of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Clioquinol produced an early decrease of electrophysiological function, but recovery of function was seen after discontinuation of treatment. The degeneration of axons and myelin sheath continued during treatment, and interruption of the degeneration was seen after discontinuation of treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Two new forceps for use during and after dacryocystorhinostomy.

PURPOSE: To report two new forceps for use during and after external dacryocystorhinostomy (E-DCR). Description of surgical instruments is provided. METHODS: Interventional case series. The E-DCR forceps were modified from the usual ophthalmic forceps, and they were designed for grasping the posterior flaps in the narrow and deep surgical region. The washout forceps under the transnasal endoscopic (TNE) examination consists of the usual otolaryngeal forceps with an injector tip at the apex to wash out discharge around the ostium in the nasal cavity. RESULTS: In consecutive 28 E-DCR procedures cases (25 patients), E-DCR was successfully performed using the E-DCR forceps. This forceps was useful to suture the posterior flaps in all cases. The washout forceps was available to remove the congealed discharge that could not be aspirated. CONCLUSION: These two forceps proved to be useful during and after the E-DCR procedure.

Dacryocystorhinostomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multifocal electroretinograms in early primary open-angle glaucoma.

PURPOSE: To determine the utility of multifocal electroretinograms (mfERGs) in patients with early primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) with unilateral visual field abnormalities. METHODS: mfERGs were recorded from 24 eyes of 12 cases of early POAG (stage I for 1 eye and stage II for the other eye on the Kosaki scale). The implicit times and amplitudes of the second-order kernel summed for the whole visual field, for the superior and inferior hemi-fields, and for quadrantic fields of the stage I and stage II eyes were compared. RESULTS: Neither the first- nor the second-order kernels of the mfERGs showed any changes reflecting glaucomatous visual field abnormalities. The implicit times and amplitudes of the second-order kernel summed for the whole visual field, the superior and inferior hemi-visual fields, and quadrantic visual fields of the stage I and stage II eyes were also not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that because the second-order kernel of the mfERG does not correlate with the visual field abnormality in early POAG, the second-order kernel of the mfERG that can be recorded at present is highly unlikely to reflect the function of the ganglion cells in the inner retinal layers.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multifocal visual evoked potential is dependent on electrode position.

PURPOSE: To investigate whether the multifocal visual evoked potential (mVEP) is dependent on the electrode position, and to confirm the reproducibility of the mVEP. METHODS: The mVEPs were recorded using the Veris III system with two different bipolar electrode settings. In Position 1, electrodes were placed at equal distances in vertical alignment 2 cm above and below the inion. In Position 2, the electrodes were placed in horizontal alignment at equal distances 2 cm to the left and right of the inion. Dartboard pattern stimulation was conducted. The mVEPs were repeatedly recorded from 4 volunteers, and mainly the second-order kernel response components were analyzed. RESULTS: Although the reproducibility of mVEP was good in both Position 1 and Position 2, each waveform of the mVEP was drastically different between the two positions. This difference in the waveforms was clearly shown in the center and at the horizontal meridian. We also investigated the first-order kernel response components of the mVEPs. Several traces of the first-order kernel response components did not reveal flat traces. This point is also worthy of consideration. CONCLUSION: Responses from mVEPs are clearly dependent on the electrode position.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nonlinear component of the electroretinogram recorded from the posterior pole of normal and highly myopic human eyes.

To extract the nonlinear component of the electroretinogram (ERG) from the posterior pole (pp) of the human ocular fundus and to evaluate the possibility of its clinical application, three types of stimulus modes - double-flash, single-flash, and delayed single-flash stimuli - were produced using a conventional electrophysiological system. A large hexagonal element was presented on a CRT monitor, and ppERGs were recorded from 14 normal eyes and 16 eyes of eight highly myopic patients. The nonlinear component of the ppERG was obtained by subtracting the single-flash ERG and delayed single-flash ERG responses from the double flash ERG response. Three peaks were commonly observed in the nonlinear component of ppERG, all of which were significantly depressed in patients with high myopia. ppERGs that can be obtained using a simple algorithm might be useful in clinical applications.

Adolescent↗